盐城市伍佑中学秋学期2023届高三阶段检测(二)
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Have a nice dinner. B. Find a nearby restaurant. C. Listen to a concert.
2. When will the man leave
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:30. C. At 7:50.
3. What does the woman ask the boy to do
A. Turn on the TV. B. Finish his homework. C. Go to bed.
4. What does the man suggest doing
A. Making a sandwich. B. Walking to the show. C. Having dinner after the show.
5. What are the speakers discussing
A. Films. B. Games. C. Actors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What relation is the man to Ted
A. His colleague. B. His roommate. C. His interviewer.
7. Why doesn’t the man like Ted
A. Ted once hit him. B. Ted is unfriendly to him. C. Ted didn’t give him the job.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8 What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A cafe shop. B. A toy department. C. A new supermarket.
9. What do we know about the “Foods of the World” section
A. The price there is reasonable.
B. All of the food there can be tasted.
C. It has so many interesting products.
10. Where is the cafe shop
A. Next to the “Foods of the World” section.
B. On the first floor.
C. Behind the toy department.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did Mr. Green give to the man
A. A lot of useful materials.
B. Some suggestions on learning.
C. Many books related to his research.
12. What does the man think of the professors from Canadian Studies Section
A. They are patient. B. They are serious. C. They are generous.
13. What will the woman probably do
A. Go to the professor’s office.
B. Give some books to the man.
C. Introduce several famous universities.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a theater. B. In the woman’s home. C. In an entrance hall.
15. What is the man
A. An actor. B. A director. C. A writer.
16. What do we know about the woman
A. She’s only interested in a lead role.
B. She lacks confidence in getting a role.
C. She tries to make the man pleased with her.
17. What does the man offer to do for the woman
A. Give her a lead role. B. Get her a copy of the play. C. Help her prepare for the tryouts.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker doing
A. Giving a lecture. B. Telling some stories. C. Studying foreign cultures.
19. What does the story show us
A. Many people suffer from culture shock.
B. Different countries have different customs.
C. Do as the Romans do when in Rome.
20. What is the speaker going to talk about next
A. The way people greet each other in different cultures.
B. The way people use their names in different cultures.
C. The way people eat in different cultures.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns — such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict — reflecting on how one might feel a year from now — may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
4. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A. They lose faith in their future. B. They focus on their present feelings.
C. They look forward to a fierce conflict. D. They care more about financial problems.
5. What does the underlined word “induced” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean？
A. Caused. B. Explained.
C. Reduced. D. Improved.
6. What do we know about the study
A. All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.
B. Study participants described their recent relationship with their romance partners or friends.
C. A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants’ use of negative words.
D. The reasoning strategies in participants’ written responses were well worthy of note.
7. What can be the best title of the text
A. You have a year to solve your interpersonal problems!
B. Thinking about future is essential for relationship maintenance!
C. Your current feelings are the real cause of your heated arguments!
D. Beneficial reasoning is a positive strategy for reconciliation!
C
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family, it can be extremely frustrating. But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse (冲动).
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life. By learning self-control, kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes. For example, if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner, your child may cry, plead, or even scream in the hopes that you will give in. But with self-control, your child can understand that a temper tantrum (发脾气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be, resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids. Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences. Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand. For example, if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective. Also, consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations. Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself. If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids, tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem. For example, if you’ve misplaced your keys, instead of getting upset, tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together. If they don’t turn up, take the next constructive step. Show that good emotional control and problem solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
8. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
9. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
D
The Google Brain team has been working on computing systems called “neural networks”—systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain.
This time, they gave a mission to three of the neural networks, which they named Alice, Bob and Eve. Each of the networks had its own job—Alice sent messages to Bob, Eve tried to “eavesdrop”(偷听) and find out the messages, and Alice and Bob had to figure out a way to hide the messages from Eve. All the help that Alice and Bob got from the researchers before the mission began was made up of a set of numbers, which Eve didn’t have access to.
At first, Alice was not very good at sending secret messages. But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt(加密) them—putting information into a special code so that others could not understand it if they got the information—using he numbers given by researchers. And after practice, Bob also came to be able to decrypt(解密) Alice’s messages. Without the numbers or keys, Eve failed to understand Alice’s “speech” most of the time.
This test is considered a big step in the development of computers’ learning skills. “Computing with neural networks on this scale has only become possible in the last few years, so we truly are at the beginning of what’s possible, ” Joe Sturonas of US encryption company PKWARE told New Scientist magazine.
Unfortunately, the test happened only one week after UK physicist Stephen Hawking, While speaking at Cambridge University, warned how AI(artificial intelligence)could develop a will of its own. This could be “either the best or the worst thing ever to happen to human being”, he said.
But just as Sturonas pointed out, no matter what the possibilities of computers are in the future, they are just starting out. We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity.
12. For what purpose was the test conducted
A. To study how neurons work in the human brain.
B. To study how computing systems work and learn.
C. To find out a more effective way to keep secrets.
D. To find out a more powerful way to break the codes.
13. How does the computing system work in the test
A. encrypting—messages—code—messages—decrypting
B. messages—encrypting—code—decrypting—messages
C. code—messages—encrypt—decrypting—messages
D. messages—code—decrypting—encrypting—messages
14. What can we learn from Hawking’s warning
A. AI must be a blessing. B. AI should be forbidden.
C. AI is sure to be a failure. D. AI is a double-edged sword.
15. What’s Sturonas attitude towards the development of AI
A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful.
C. Puzzled. D. Panicked.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. ____16____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
_____17_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. _____18_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. ____19____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. ____20____
A. You also learn what you’re good at.
B. Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C. These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.
E. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
F. They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.
G. Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
As the eldest of three children, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear. Instead, Mom acquired my clothes from ____21____ neighborhood mothers. Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their ____22____ clothing.
Perhaps my biggest ____23____ came from Charlie, a boy from a middle-class family. Each time we met, Charlie would ____24____ me for my ill-fitting clothes. I hated Charlie for making my life ____25____, but there was nothing I could do.
____26____ did change after I graduated from university and joined the Navy, which made me a social equal. Hard work and a few lucky career choices ____27____ promoted me into the upper class.
Once I was invited to a luxury dinner and had an ____28____ with Charlie for the first time in almost 20 years. He, then a waiter, didn’t ____29____ me. His words were brief, but I’ll never ______30______ them. He said, “Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad ”
The tables had ______31______. Charlie was calling me “Sir”. While hundreds of ______32______ responses raced through my mind, I could only give a two-word reply: “Blue cheese.” Much as I wanted to get back at him, I ______33______ to do it. I wouldn’t put another person ______34______ what I had experienced as a child. It was time to put the childish things behind. I left him a good ______35______ and didn’t say anything about it.
21 A. generous B. poor C. fortunate D. young
22. A. cheap B. beloved C. deserted D. fashionable
23 A. question B. dream C. limit D. challenge
24. A. laugh at B. wait for C. share with D. chat with
25. A. terrible B. boring C. meaningless D. busy
26. A. Policies B. Preferences C. Situations D. Occasions
27. A. constantly B. eventually C. possibly D. necessarily
28. A. appointment B. exchange C. argument D. encounter
29. A. believe B. like C. trust D. recognize
30. A. accept B. understand C. forget D. forgive
31. A. turned B. disappeared C. settled D. broken
32. A. unconvincing B. inappropriate C. impossible D. abnormal
33. A. tried B. managed C. refused D. intended
34. A. out of B. away from C. among D. through
35. A. gift B. tip C. lesson D. mark
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
BEIJING-Chinese scientists have completed the life-cycle ____36____(grow) experiments of rice and Arabidopsis in the Chinese space station and ____37____(successful) obtained their seeds, said the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) on Monday.
With the safe ____38____(land) of the Shenzhou-14 spaceship’s return capsule at the Dongfeng landing site Sunday night, the seeds of rice and Arabidopsis, ____39____ have undergone a 120-day life cycle, ____40____(deliver) to China’s manned space program’s space application system along with other samples. According to the CAS website, previously, ____41____(scientist) worldwide have only managed to obtain the seeds of a few crops like Arabidopsis, rape, wheat and peas in space, except ____42____ the major food crop-rice. The Chinese research team ____43____(complete) the full life-cycle growth experiment of rice for the first time in the world. It has also systematically studied the effects of microgravity on flowering in space using the model plant Arabidopsis, the CAS said.
The experiments, ____44____(undertake) by the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences under the CAS, were conducted from July 29 to Nov 25. During this period, the astronauts collected the rice samples at the germination stage on Sept 21, the Arabidopsis samples at the flowering stage on Oct 12, and both samples at their seed maturity stage on Nov 25. The samples _____45_____(be) then stored in the cryogenic storage device.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是新华国际学校的学生李华，你校拟组织学生本周末去博物馆参观“中国百年成就”展，请你用英语写一则通知，要点如下：
1.活动目的；
2.活动安排（时间、交通方式等）；
3.参加人员。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2参考词汇：中国百年成就China’s 100-year Achievements；
3.请按如下格式作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The whole class burst out laughing as Mohi rushed into the classroom. He was a strange sight. His half-buttoned white shirt revealed a red striped pajama (睡衣) top underneath，and instead of white school shoes, he had on a pair of bright green sandals that were two sizes too big. The physics teacher’s hand froze in the middle of writing a formula on the blackboard.
Mohi murmured,“Sorry, teacher,”and rushed to his seat. Mr. Tan glared at the rest of the students. The chuckles(咯咯笑) quickly died down. Mohi’s classmates always looked forward to Mondays. Nine times out of ten, they would be entertained by Mohi’s late arrival and his odd appearance which usually included inappropriate clothing. That day, it was the pajama top and green sandals.
Mohi lived just a street away from the school. He walked to school daily. Students passing by in buses would yell his name at the same time just to see him jump and stop suddenly. When he spotted the merry crowd in the bus, he would wave good-naturedly. Although Mohi was likable, he was too lost in his own thoughts to make friends. His classmates found him amusing but they ignored him most of the time. Only Hamed, who sat next to Mohi, tried to be his friend.
The following Monday, Mohi did not turn up at school. His classmates were a little disappointed but quickly forgot about him. After school, Hamed decided to walk over to Mohi’s house to check on him. As he approached the gate, he could hear violin music. “Mohi must be listening to music, since he had never played music at school.”Hamed thought. He called Mohi’s name a few times but there was no response. The gate was not locked. Hamed let himself in. The music played on.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Hamed looked closely through a window, his eyes widened in surprise.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Teacher’s Day came around, Hamed convinced the class to let Mohi perform.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________盐城市伍佑中学秋学期2023届高三阶段检测(二)
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Have a nice dinner. B. Find a nearby restaurant. C. Listen to a concert.
2. When will the man leave
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:30. C. At 7:50.
3. What does the woman ask the boy to do
A. Turn on the TV. B. Finish his homework. C. Go to bed.
4. What does the man suggest doing
A. Making a sandwich. B. Walking to the show. C. Having dinner after the show.
5. What are the speakers discussing
A. Films. B. Games. C. Actors.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What relation is the man to Ted
A. His colleague. B. His roommate. C. His interviewer.
7. Why doesn’t the man like Ted
A. Ted once hit him. B. Ted is unfriendly to him. C. Ted didn’t give him the job.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A cafe shop. B. A toy department. C. A new supermarket.
9. What do we know about the “Foods of the World” section
A. The price there is reasonable.
B. All of the food there can be tasted.
C. It has so many interesting products.
10. Where is the cafe shop
A Next to the “Foods of the World” section.
B. On the first floor.
C. Behind the toy department.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did Mr. Green give to the man
A. A lot of useful materials.
B. Some suggestions on learning.
C. Many books related to his research.
12. What does the man think of the professors from Canadian Studies Section
A. They are patient. B. They are serious. C. They are generous.
13. What will the woman probably do
A. Go to the professor’s office.
B. Give some books to the man.
C. Introduce several famous universities.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a theater. B. In the woman’s home. C. In an entrance hall.
15. What is the man
A. An actor. B. A director. C. A writer.
16. What do we know about the woman
A. She’s only interested in a lead role.
B. She lacks confidence in getting a role.
C. She tries to make the man pleased with her.
17. What does the man offer to do for the woman
A. Give her a lead role. B. Get her a copy of the play. C. Help her prepare for the tryouts.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker doing
A. Giving a lecture. B. Telling some stories. C. Studying foreign cultures.
19. What does the story show us
A. Many people suffer from culture shock.
B. Different countries have different customs.
C. Do as the Romans do when in Rome.
20. What is the speaker going to talk about next
A. The way people greet each other in different cultures.
B. The way people use their names in different cultures.
C. The way people eat in different cultures.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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The truth is that most lawyers charge hundreds per hour for their services. It takes time and effort to find the right one, and when you do, they’re always busy, hard to access and charging for every second of your time (even on email). You can stop watching the clock and start speaking to a lawyer with a prepaid legal plan from LegalShield for only $24.95 per month.
With a LegalShield protection plan, you only have to pay a small monthly fee in exchange for round-the-clock legal protection. When you have a legal issue, need help with a contract, or just want advice, our lawyers are just a call or click away.
Step 1: Enroll & Download
Enroll in your LegalShield plan. Once a member, you’ll be instantly matched with a premier local law firm that meets your unique legal needs. Then, download our app, and access all our legal resources anytime, right from your phone.
Step 2: Use the App for All Your Legal Needs
Open up the App anytime a legal need or question arises. Whether it’s an emergency or just a proactive plan for the future the App is your place to address it.
●Download free legal forms and contracts
●Ask a legal question
●Complete your will or estate plan
●Access prenuptial agreements, divorce papers and more
●Upload a speeding ticket
●Contact your law firm
You can also view your exclusive member perks and discounts on the App, so be sure to check this area regularly.
Step 3: Get Legal Help When You Need It
If you ever need emergency help, your App can connect you with legal assistance anytime, day or night. With the App, you always have legal counsel ready and waiting — right in your back pocket.
1. What do we know about LegalShield
A. It serves people over 47 years old.
B. It offers 24-hour legal protection.
C. It protects you from having trouble.
D. It provides better post-paid service.
2. What’s the advantage of LegalShield compared to most lawyers
A. It’s more money-saving and convenient.
B. It’s more professional and time efficient.
C. It’s more accessible in all conditions.
D. It can answer more questions over the phone.
3. Being a member of LegalShield, by checking their App often, you may .
A. get extra service for free
B. pay for their service by hour
C. pay less than $24.95 per month for service
D. get the help from the best lawyers nationwide
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了LegalShield法律服务公司的服务内容、优势、加入方法和其应用程序的便捷服务。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“With a LegalShield protection plan, you only have to pay a small monthly fee in exchange for round-the-clock legal protection. (使用LegalShield保护计划，你只需每月支付少量费用，就能获得24小时的法律保护)”可知，LegalShield法律服务公司提供24小时的法律保护。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The truth is that most lawyers charge hundreds per hour for their services. It takes time and effort to find the right one, and when you do, they’re always busy, hard to access and charging for every second of your time (even on email). You can stop watching the clock and start speaking to a lawyer with a prepaid legal plan from LegalShield for only $24.95 per month. (事实上，大多数律师每小时收费数百美元。找到合适的律师需要花费时间和精力，而当你找到合适的律师时，他们总是很忙，很难接触，而且要为你的每一秒时间收费（即使是在邮件上）。你可以不用再看时间了，只要每月24.95美元，你就可以和LegalShield公司的预付法律计划的律师交谈)”可知，找到一个合适的律师费钱费时费精力，而LegalShield更省钱便捷。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Step 2最后一句“You can also view your exclusive member perks and discounts on the App, so be sure to check this area regularly. (你也可以在应用程序上查看你的独家会员优惠和折扣，所以要定期查看这个区域)”可知，App上的会员有优惠和打折，经常查看的话，你的月付服务费会有折扣，会低于$24.95。故选C。
B
When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns — such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict — reflecting on how one might feel a year from now — may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
4. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements
A. They lose faith in their future. B. They focus on their present feelings.
C. They look forward to a fierce conflict. D. They care more about financial problems.
5. What does the underlined word “induced” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean？
A. Caused. B. Explained.
C. Reduced. D. Improved.
6. What do we know about the study
A. All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future.
B. Study participants described their recent relationship with their romance partners or friends.
C. A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants’ use of negative words.
D. The reasoning strategies in participants’ written responses were well worthy of note.
7. What can be the best title of the text
A. You have a year to solve your interpersonal problems!
B. Thinking about future is essential for relationship maintenance!
C. Your current feelings are the real cause of your heated arguments!
D. Beneficial reasoning is a positive strategy for reconciliation!
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一项研究结果，思考未来关系有助于克服人际关系冲突，目光长远才是维持人际关系的好方法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.(当恋人们就关于诸如财政、嫉妒、或其他人际问题进行争论时,他们倾向于以他们当前的情绪为基础从而加剧争论)”可知，在面对分歧时，大部分恋人注重当时的感受。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation(调解) of interpersonal struggles.(先前的研究已经表明，从第三视角的推理是积极的人际斗争战略调节解方法)”可知，先前的研究已经表明理性思维是积极的人际斗争战略调解方法，结合倒数第二段描述的研究结果“As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether(结果，参与者对他们的关系表现出了更积极的态度)”可推知，划线词所在句意为：黄齐和他的合作者研究类似益处是否仅仅能够依靠简单地思考未来去达成。induced意为“导致，引起”。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.(通过书面回答，也检查了有益的推理策略——例如，宽恕和更积极地阐释冲突)”可知，参与者书面回答中的推理策略很值得注意。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science.(但是根据滑铁卢大学的一项刚刚发表在《社会心理和人格科学》上的研究，思考未来关系有助于克服人际关系冲突)”和最后一段中的“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict — reflecting on how one might feel a year from now — may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being(我们的研究表明，在关系冲突的背景下采用一种面向未来的视角——反思一年后感受会如何——对于一个人心理幸福感和良好的人际关系来说可能是一个有价值的处理方法)”可知，文章主要介绍一项研究结果，思考未来关系有助于克服人际关系冲突。B项“考虑未来对维持关系至关重要”适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
C
When kids melt down in the middle of a crowded store or at a holiday dinner with extended family, it can be extremely frustrating. But parents can help kids learn self-control and teach them how to respond without just acting on impulse (冲动).
Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life. By learning self-control, kids can make appropriate decisions and respond to stressful situations in ways that can yield positive outcomes. For example, if you say that you’re not serving ice cream until after dinner, your child may cry, plead, or even scream in the hopes that you will give in. But with self-control, your child can understand that a temper tantrum (发脾气) means you’ll take away the ice cream for good and that it’s wiser to wait patiently.
Difficult as it may be, resist the urge to yell when you’re disciplining your kids. Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences. Your actions will show that tantrums won’t get kids the upper hand. For example, if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won’t buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective. Also, consider speaking to your child’s teachers about classroom settings and appropriate behavior expectations. Ask if problem-solving is taught or demonstrated in school.
And model good self-control yourself. If you’re in an annoyed situation in front of your kids, tell them why you’re frustrated and then discuss potential solutions to the problem. For example, if you’ve misplaced your keys, instead of getting upset, tell your kids the keys are missing and then search for them together. If they don’t turn up, take the next constructive step. Show that good emotional control and problem solving are the ways to deal with a difficult situation.
8. What is the main idea of paragraph 2
A. Impulsive responses lead to frustration.
B. Kids’ melting down is a common phenomenon.
C. Parents should help kids make decisions appropriately.
D. Teaching kids self-control is a must for their future success.
9. What is the parents’ best attitude towards a child’s meltdown
A. Firm and factual.
B. Calm and tolerant.
C. Cautious and objective.
D. Annoyed and disapproving.
10. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in paragraph 3
A. Emotional outburst is unexpected behaviors.
B. Kids shouldn’t be responsible for their behaviors alone.
C. Temper loss won’t give the kids a position of advantage.
D. Tantrums are ineffective in interpersonal communications.
11. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Slow and steady wins the race.
B. Good example is the best sermon.
C. Experience is the mother of wisdom.
D. Success comes from thorough self-control.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了对孩子而言培养自控力的重要性以及身为家长应该怎么做。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的主要内容，尤其“Teaching self-control is one of the most important things that parents can do for their kids because these skills are some of the most important for success later in life.”(教导自我控制是父母可以为孩子做的最重要的事情之一，因为这些技能对于以后的生活取得成功是最重要的)可知，本段主要讲述自控力对于孩子来说会对他们未来的成功很重要，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果)可知，家长需要坚持，持续不断的教育孩子自控的重要性，此外，家长需要就事论事，从实际角度考虑，故选A。
【10题详解】
猜测句意题。根据文章第三段，“Instead, be persistent and matter of fact. During a child’s meltdown, stay calm and explain that yelling, throwing a tantrum, and slamming doors are unacceptable behaviors that have consequences.”(相反，要坚持不懈，实事求是。在孩子崩溃期间，保持冷静并解释大喊大叫、发脾气和摔门是不可接受的行为，这些行为会产生后果。)以及“if your child gets, upset in the grocery store after you’ve explained why you won't buy candy, don’t give in – thus demonstrating that the tantrum was both unacceptable and ineffective.”(例如，如果你的孩子在你解释了你不买糖果的原因后在杂货店生气，不要屈服——这表明发脾气既不可接受又无效)可知，我们想要孩子知道的是，发脾气不被外人接受，也对你手头的事情没有任何的帮助。由此猜测，划线句子意为“发脾气对孩子没有好处”。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，“And model good self-control yourself.”（塑造你自己的自控力）可知，这一段在讲作为家长，我们也需要塑造自己的自控力，在孩子面前做好榜样，即好榜样是最好的说教。故选B。
D
The Google Brain team has been working on computing systems called “neural networks”—systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain.
This time, they gave a mission to three of the neural networks, which they named Alice, Bob and Eve. Each of the networks had its own job—Alice sent messages to Bob, Eve tried to “eavesdrop”(偷听) and find out the messages, and Alice and Bob had to figure out a way to hide the messages from Eve. All the help that Alice and Bob got from the researchers before the mission began was made up of a set of numbers, which Eve didn’t have access to.
At first, Alice was not very good at sending secret messages. But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt(加密) them—putting information into a special code so that others could not understand it if they got the information—using he numbers given by researchers. And after practice, Bob also came to be able to decrypt(解密) Alice’s messages. Without the numbers or keys, Eve failed to understand Alice’s “speech” most of the time.
This test is considered a big step in the development of computers’ learning skills. “Computing with neural networks on this scale has only become possible in the last few years, so we truly are at the beginning of what’s possible, ” Joe Sturonas of US encryption company PKWARE told New Scientist magazine.
Unfortunately, the test happened only one week after UK physicist Stephen Hawking, While speaking at Cambridge University, warned how AI(artificial intelligence)could develop a will of its own. This could be “either the best or the worst thing ever to happen to human being”, he said.
But just as Sturonas pointed out, no matter what the possibilities of computers are in the future, they are just starting out. We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity.
12. For what purpose was the test conducted
A. To study how neurons work in the human brain.
B. To study how computing systems work and learn.
C. To find out a more effective way to keep secrets.
D. To find out a more powerful way to break the codes.
13. How does the computing system work in the test
A. encrypting—messages—code—messages—decrypting
B. messages—encrypting—code—decrypting—messages
C. code—messages—encrypt—decrypting—messages
D. messages—code—decrypting—encrypting—messages
14. What can we learn from Hawking’s warning
A. AI must be a blessing. B. AI should be forbidden.
C. AI is sure to be a failure. D. AI is a double-edged sword.
15. What’s Sturonas attitude towards the development of AI
A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful.
C. Puzzled. D. Panicked.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌智囊团做了一项测试研究“神经网络”计算系统，这项测试被认为是计算机学习技能发展的一大步。霍金警告人工智能可以发展出自己的意志，而美国加密公司PKWARE的乔·斯图纳斯则表示对人工智能的发展充满了希望。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The Google Brain team has been working on computing systems called “neural networks”—systems that were designed based on how neurons work in the human brain. (谷歌智囊团队一直在研究一种叫做“神经网络”的计算系统，这种系统是根据人类大脑中的神经元的工作原理而设计的)”和第四段中“This test is considered a big step in the development of computers’ learning skills. (这项测试被认为是计算机学习技能发展的一大步)”可知，进行测试的目的是研究计算机系统如何工作和学习。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At first, Alice was not very good at sending secret messages. But slowly it worked on a way to encrypt(加密) them—putting information into a special code so that others could not understand it if they got the information—using he numbers given by researchers. And after practice, Bob also came to be able to decrypt(解密) Alice’s messages. Without the numbers or keys, Eve failed to understand Alice’s “speech” most of the time. (起初，爱丽丝不太擅长发送秘密信息。但慢慢地，它找到了一种加密的方法——将信息放入一种特殊的代码中，这样即使别人得到信息也无法理解——使用研究人员给出的数字。经过练习，鲍勃也能够解密爱丽丝的信息。没有数字和密钥，伊芙大部分时间都听不懂爱丽丝的“讲话”)”可知，计算系统在测试中是工作的过程是：得到信息——加密——生成代码——解密——得到信息。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Unfortunately, the test happened only one week after UK physicist Stephen Hawking, While speaking at Cambridge University, warned how AI(artificial intelligence)could develop a will of its own. This could be “either the best or the worst thing ever to happen to human being”, he said. (不幸的是，就在这次测试发生的一周前，英国物理学家史蒂芬·霍金在剑桥大学发表演讲，警告人工智能可以发展出自己的意志。他说，这可能是“人类历史上发生的最好或最坏的事情”)”可知，霍金的话表明人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But just as Sturonas pointed out, no matter what the possibilities of computers are in the future, they are just starting out. We still have plenty of time to work out a solution before they get anywhere near becoming a threat to humanity. (但正如斯图纳斯所指出的，无论未来计算机的发展前景如何，它们都只是刚刚起步。在它们接近成为对人类的威胁之前，我们仍有足够的时间来制定解决方案。)”可知，斯图纳斯对人工智能的发展持充满希望的态度。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How does it feel when you solve your problem by yourself Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. ____16____ They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you’re born with, rather than through training and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They’re thinking about how to solve the problem.
_____17_____ when we learn to problem solve for ourselves rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. _____18_____ This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.
When you’re facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happened and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. ____19____ Finally, review what has and hasn’t worked, so you’re equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. ____20____
A. You also learn what you’re good at.
B. Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C. These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D. No one is expected to solve all problems by themselves.
E. Resourcefulness is a skill that’s good for you in lots of ways.
F. They can be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on.
G Weigh up what’s good and bad about each one and choose the best.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遇到棘手的问题时的应对方法，要足智多谋，随机应变。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. (足智多谋意味着找到聪明和创造性的方法来解决问题，利用你当时拥有的任何资源。)”和后句“They can also be anything else that’s useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. (它们也可以是任何有用的东西，比如信息、建议或你自己的经历。)”中的also可知，空处和下文为并列关系，也是在列举可以利用的资源可能是什么。所以选择项F“These may be famous mottos that always inspire us to move on. (这些可能是著名的座右铭，总是激励我们继续前进。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
挖空处在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面“…it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”主要说的是“being resourceful”带来的好处， E选项意思就是resourcefulness 能带来很多好处。故选E。
【18题详解】
该段首句说的是“being resourceful”会对你有好处，前面两句“…it can help to build our confidence, help us feel more independent, and feel better about making decisions.(...它可以帮助我们建立信心，帮助我们感到更独立，在做决定时感觉更好)”及“Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time.(足智多谋或许不能帮助你避免问题，但创造性地思考如何处理问题会让你感觉压力更小，下次准备更充分)”具体列举了“being resourceful”带来的好处，A选项：你还能知道你所擅长的是什么，对自己更加了解，也契合下一句“This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.这能提高自尊心。这是又一个好处，A项最符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
该段在讨论遇到困难时，要专注于问题本身，并列出了具体的步骤。上一句“Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can.(接下来，想出尽可能多的方法来解决问题)”讲的是“尽可能多地想出一些解决措施”，G选项：然后衡量它们的好坏，选出最佳的一个，其中them指代上一句solutions，G项填到此处最合适。故选G。
【20题详解】
上一句“And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you’re unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help.(记住，如果你有一个棘手的问题，你无法解决，然后向一个值得信任的成年人寻求帮助)”表示自己实在解决不了，你还可以求助其他人，D选项意为“没有人是被期望要独自解决所有问题的”，与上文意义一致。故填D。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
As the eldest of three children, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear. Instead, Mom acquired my clothes from ____21____ neighborhood mothers. Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their ____22____ clothing.
Perhaps my biggest ____23____ came from Charlie, a boy from a middle-class family. Each time we met, Charlie would ____24____ me for my ill-fitting clothes. I hated Charlie for making my life ____25____, but there was nothing I could do.
____26____ did change after I graduated from university and joined the Navy, which made me a social equal. Hard work and a few lucky career choices ____27____ promoted me into the upper class.
Once I was invited to a luxury dinner and had an ____28____ with Charlie for the first time in almost 20 years. He, then a waiter, didn’t ____29____ me. His words were brief, but I’ll never ______30______ them. He said, “Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad ”
The tables had ______31______. Charlie was calling me “Sir”. While hundreds of ______32______ responses raced through my mind, I could only give a two-word reply: “Blue cheese.” Much as I wanted to get back at him, I ______33______ to do it. I wouldn’t put another person ______34______ what I had experienced as a child. It was time to put the childish things behind. I left him a good ______35______ and didn’t say anything about it.
21. A. generous B. poor C. fortunate D. young
22. A. cheap B. beloved C. deserted D. fashionable
23. A. question B. dream C. limit D. challenge
24. A. laugh at B. wait for C. share with D. chat with
25. A. terrible B. boring C. meaningless D. busy
26. A. Policies B. Preferences C. Situations D. Occasions
27. A. constantly B. eventually C. possibly D. necessarily
28. A. appointment B. exchange C. argument D. encounter
29. A. believe B. like C. trust D. recognize
30. A. accept B. understand C. forget D. forgive
31. A. turned B. disappeared C. settled D. broken
32. A. unconvincing B. inappropriate C. impossible D. abnormal
33. A. tried B. managed C. refused D. intended
34. A. out of B. away from C. among D. through
35. A. gift B. tip C. lesson D. mark
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者小时候家里贫穷穿邻居家不要的衣服而受到嘲笑，后来情况发生改变。作者通过自己的经历告诉读者不应让别人经历自己经历过的痛苦，以德报怨或许更好。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，妈妈从慷慨的邻居妈妈那里弄来我的衣服。A. generous慷慨的；B. poor可怜的，贫穷的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. young幼小的。根据下文“Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their __2__ clothing.”可知作者的衣服是邻居们慷慨给予的。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想象一下其他孩子看到我穿着他们的丢弃的衣服时的乐趣。A. cheap便宜的；B. beloved亲爱的；C. deserted废弃的；D. fashionable流行的。根据前文“Instead, Mom acquired my clothes from __1_neighborhood mothers.”可知这些衣服是邻居们不要的。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我最大的挑战来自查理，一个中产阶级家庭的男孩。A. question问题；B. dream梦想；C. limit限制；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“Each time we met, Charlie would _4_ me for my ill-fitting clothes.”可知面对查理是作者的最难堪的时候，即作者最大的挑战来自查理。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次我们见面，查理都会因为我不合身的衣服而嘲笑我。A. laugh at嘲笑；B. wait for等待；C. share with共享；D. chat with与聊天。根据下文“I hated Charlie for making my life _5__ , but there was nothing I could do.”可知查理是在嘲笑作者。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌查理让我的生活变得可怕，但我无能为力。A. terrible可怕的；B. boring枯燥的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. busy忙碌的。根据前文“Each time we met, Charlie would _4_ me for my ill-fitting clothes.”可知查理的嘲笑让作者的生活更加不堪。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我大学毕业并加入海军后确实情况发生了变化，这使我成为一个社会平等的人。A. Policies政策；B. Preferences偏好；C. Situations情况；D. Occasions场合。根据下文“which made me a social equal”可知作者的生活状况发生了改变。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：努力工作和一些幸运的职业选择最终让我升入了上层阶级。A. constantly经常地；B. eventually最终地；C. possibly可能地；D. necessarily必要地。根据前文“which made me a social equal.”可知作者最终得以出人头地。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我应邀参加了一次豪华晚餐，并在近20年来第一次与查理相遇。A. appointment预约；B. exchange交易；C. argument争论；D. encounter相遇，偶遇。根据下文“Charlie was calling me “Sir”.”可知作者和查理相遇了。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他当时是一名侍者，他没有认出我。A. believe相信；B. like喜欢；C. trust信任；D. recognize认出。根据下文“Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad ”可知查理没有认出作者。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话很简短，但我永远不忘记。A. accept接受；B. understand理解；C. forget忘记；D. forgive原谅。根据下文“Charlie was calling me ‘Sir’.”可知对于查理这样称呼自己印象深刻。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：局势已经扭。A. turned转向；B. disappeared消失；C. settled定居；D. broken打破。此处表达的是作者和查理的生活境遇轮流转。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我脑海中闪过数百条不恰当的回复，但我只能给出两个字的回答：“蓝色奶酪”。A. unconvincing不令人信服的；B. inappropriate不适当的；C. impossible不可能的；D. abnormal不正常的。根据下文“Much as I wanted to get back at him, I _13__ to do it.”可知当时作者头脑里闪过很多报复性的话语，然而作者并没有说出口。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很想报复他，但我还是拒绝了。A. tried尝试；B. managed管理；C. refused拒绝；D. intended打算。根据下文“I wouldn’t put another person _14_ what I had experienced as a child.”可知作者并没有报复查理。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词以及介词短语辨析。句意：我不会把我小时候经历的事情让别人再经历一次。A. out of出于；B. away from远离；C. among在其中；D. through通过。此处表示“使某人经历”应用put sb. through。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他留下了很多小费，但什么也没说。A. gift礼物；B. tip小费；C. lesson课；D. mark记号。结合上文提到查理侍者的身份，以及作者以德报怨的行为可知，他留下了小费。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
BEIJING-Chinese scientists have completed the life-cycle ____36____(grow) experiments of rice and Arabidopsis in the Chinese space station and ____37____(successful) obtained their seeds, said the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) on Monday.
With the safe ____38____(land) of the Shenzhou-14 spaceship’s return capsule at the Dongfeng landing site Sunday night, the seeds of rice and Arabidopsis, ____39____ have undergone a 120-day life cycle, ____40____(deliver) to China’s manned space program’s space application system along with other samples. According to the CAS website, previously, ____41____(scientist) worldwide have only managed to obtain the seeds of a few crops like Arabidopsis, rape, wheat and peas in space, except ____42____ the major food crop-rice. The Chinese research team ____43____(complete) the full life-cycle growth experiment of rice for the first time in the world. It has also systematically studied the effects of microgravity on flowering in space using the model plant Arabidopsis, the CAS said.
The experiments ____44____(undertake) by the Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences under the CAS, were conducted from July 29 to Nov 25. During this period, the astronauts collected the rice samples at the germination stage on Sept 21, the Arabidopsis samples at the flowering stage on Oct 12, and both samples at their seed maturity stage on Nov 25. The samples _____45_____(be) then stored in the cryogenic storage device.
【答案】36. growth
37. successfully
38. landing
39. which 40. were delivered
41. scientists
42. for 43. has completed
44. undertaken
45. were
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国科学家已经在中国空间站完成了水稻和拟南芥的生命周期生长实验，并成功获得了它们的种子。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国科学院周一表示，中国科学家已经在中国空间站完成了水稻和拟南芥的生命周期生长实验，并成功获得了它们的种子。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词修饰名词“experiments”，意为“生长实验”。故填growth。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国科学院周一表示，中国科学家已经在中国空间站完成了水稻和拟南芥的生命周期生长实验，并成功获得了它们的种子。修饰动词“obtain”用副词形式。故填successfully。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着神舟14号飞船返回舱于周日晚在东风着陆点安全着陆，经过120天生命周期的水稻和拟南芥种子与其他样品一起被运送到中国载人航天工程的空间应用系统。分析句子成分，空处为名词，充当with的宾语。故填landing。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：随着神舟14号飞船返回舱于周日晚在东风着陆点安全着陆，经过120天生命周期的水稻和拟南芥种子与其他样品一起被运送到中国载人航天工程的空间应用系统。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the seeds of rice and Arabidopsis”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：随着神舟14号飞船返回舱于周日晚在东风着陆点安全着陆，经过120天生命周期的水稻和拟南芥种子与其他样品一起被运送到中国载人航天工程的空间应用系统。这里为本句谓语动词，该句子描述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时；主语为“the seeds of rice and Arabidopsis”，复数，和动词“deliver”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were delivered。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：据中科院网站报道，此前，除了主要的粮食作物水稻外，世界各地的科学家只能在太空中获得拟南芥、油菜、小麦和豌豆等少数作物的种子。根据本句谓语“have managed”可判断，主语为名词的复数形式。故填scientists。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：据中科院网站报道，此前，除了主要的粮食作物水稻外，世界各地的科学家只能在太空中获得拟南芥、油菜、小麦和豌豆等少数作物的种子。固定搭配：except for，意为“除了……”，符合句意。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国研究小组在世界上首次完成了水稻全生命周期生长实验。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“for the first time”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“The Chinese research team”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has completed。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该实验由中国科学院分子植物科学卓越研究中心负责，于7月29日至11月25日进行。这里为非谓语动词作定语，对experiments进行补充说明，动词undertake和名词the experiments之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填undertaken。
【45题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然后将样品保存在低温储存装置中。根据空格后的then可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the samples”，复数，谓语动词用were。故填were。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是新华国际学校的学生李华，你校拟组织学生本周末去博物馆参观“中国百年成就”展，请你用英语写一则通知，要点如下：
1.活动目的；
2.活动安排（时间、交通方式等）；
3.参加人员。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.参考词汇：中国百年成就China’s 100-year Achievements；
3.请按如下格式作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Notice
Fellow students,
We are going to visit the exhibition “China’s 100-year Achievements” at the museum this weekend, which is intended to enable the students to learn about the great achievements acquired in the last one hundred years. We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there by bus. All the students must take part in the activity. Take your pens and notebooks with you. We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the exhibition. Please don’t make any noises in the museum and don’t take any pictures. You’ll have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday.
Students’ Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语写一则通知，通知学生本周末去博物馆参观“中国百年成就”展。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
展览：exhibition→display
照片：picture→photo
参加：take part in→participate in
上交：hand in→turn in
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there by bus.
拓展句：We will meet at the school gate, where we’ll take a bus at eight in the morning.
【点睛】[高分句型1]We are going to visit the exhibition “China’s 100-year Achievements” at the museum this weekend, which is intended to enable the students to learn about the great achievements acquired in the last one hundred years. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the exhibition. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The whole class burst out laughing as Mohi rushed into the classroom. He was a strange sight. His half-buttoned white shirt revealed a red striped pajama (睡衣) top underneath，and instead of white school shoes, he had on a pair of bright green sandals that were two sizes too big. The physics teacher’s hand froze in the middle of writing a formula on the blackboard.
Mohi murmured,“Sorry, teacher,”and rushed to his seat. Mr. Tan glared at the rest of the students. The chuckles(咯咯笑) quickly died down. Mohi’s classmates always looked forward to Mondays. Nine times out of ten, they would be entertained by Mohi’s late arrival and his odd appearance which usually included inappropriate clothing. That day, it was the pajama top and green sandals.
Mohi lived just a street away from the school. He walked to school daily. Students passing by in buses would yell his name at the same time just to see him jump and stop suddenly. When he spotted the merry crowd in the bus, he would wave good-naturedly. Although Mohi was likable, he was too lost in his own thoughts to make friends. His classmates found him amusing but they ignored him most of the time. Only Hamed, who sat next to Mohi, tried to be his friend.
The following Monday Mohi did not turn up at school. His classmates were a little disappointed but quickly forgot about him. After school, Hamed decided to walk over to Mohi’s house to check on him. As he approached the gate, he could hear violin music. “Mohi must be listening to music, since he had never played music at school.”Hamed thought. He called Mohi’s name a few times but there was no response. The gate was not locked. Hamed let himself in. The music played on.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Hamed looked closely through a window, his eyes widened in surprise.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Teacher’s Day came around, Hamed convinced the class to let Mohi perform.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As Hamed looked closely through a window, his eyes widened in surprise. In the middle of the living room, Mohi was playing the violin. His eyes were closed in concentration as he drew the bow over the strings expertly. He played flawlessly so much so that it sounded like a recording. Then an idea hit Hamed. It was the tradition of the school to have a concert for the teachers. Every class had to contribute an item. It was a good chance for Mohito show his talent and be accepted by his classmates. Thinking of that, Hamed left quietly.
When Teacher’s Day came around, Hamed convinced the class to let Mohi perform. Short of ideas, the class agreed. On the day of the concert, both the teachers and students were surprised to see the school’s clumsiest student walking on stage with a violin. When he started to play, the audience fell silent. Jaws dropped. As the last note ended, there was a moment of silence. Then the audience erupted into thunderous applause. Mohi became a sensation and had many fans in his final year of school. Mohi and Hamed became the best of friends eventually.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了笨拙且不修边幅的Mohi一直是同学们的笑料，但好友Hamed发现了 Mohi 小提琴天赋，在Hamed举荐下，Mohi 教师节音乐会上进行了表演，Mohi得到了同学们的认可并成了轰动一时的名人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Hamed透过窗户仔细看了看，惊讶地睁大了眼睛。”可知，第一段可描写Hamed发现Mohi拉小提琴拉得完美无瑕，Hamed想出一个主意，让Mohi展示他的才华。
②由第二段首句内容“当教师节来临的时候，Hamed说服全班同学让Mohi表演。”可知，第二段可描写Mohi的表演大获成功，得到同学们的认可。
2.续写线索：发现秘密——推荐表演——技惊四座——轰动一时
3.词汇激活
行为类
①突然意识到：hit/strike/occur to
②展示他的才华：show his talent/demonstrate his talent
③开始做某事：begin to do/start to do
情绪类
①专心地：in concentration /intently
②沉默：silence /quiet
【点睛】[高分句型1] His eyes were closed in concentration as he drew the bow over the strings expertly. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] When he started to play, the audience fell silent. Jaws dropped. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
