专题练习（十二）基本句型
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．There ________ great changes in China since 20 years ago.
A．were B．has been C．have been D．have
2．The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English at school.” is ________.
A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P
3．Which of the following is RIGHT
A．Your picture is very nice. B．The little girl is crying so sad.
C．We can ask people not eat shark fin soup. D．I join the Hiking Club two months ago.
4．Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular in the world.
A．谓语 B．表语 C．定语 D．主语
5．找出与其他两个句子结构不同的。
A．I like comedies because they often made me laugh to relax.
B．I was so careless that I made the same mistake again.
C．The young man feels lonely because he has no friends here.
6． This kind of milk well this year. It________ out soon.
A．sells； will be sold B．sells ； is sold
C．is sold； will be sold D．is sold； sells
7．The sentence pattern of “The soup tastes very delicious.” is ________.
A．S+V+O B．S＋V＋P C．S+V＋IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC
8．What is the sentence pattern of “The food tastes delicious.” ________
A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC
9．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three
A．People feel cold in winter.
B．Summer is my favourite season.
C．Leaves turn brown in autumn.
D．Children like flying kites in spring.
10．My father gave me fifteen yuan to buy an English dictionary.
A．宾补 B．状语 C．间宾 D．直宾
11．This company since five years ago.
A．opened B．has opene C．has been open D．has been opened
12．Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book” in pattern(结构)
A．You have a very nice sister. B．He likes playing the piano.
C．They are good at math. D．We call her Ms Liu.
13．The sentence pattern of “The girl looks beautiful in red skirt.” is ________.
A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC
14．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “He bought her mother a scarf.”
A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO
15．We must keep our classroom clean.
A．主语 B．谓语 C．定语 D．宾语补足语
16．The sentence pattern of “His mother is cooking now.” is ________.
A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V
17．What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “The little girl gave me a big smile. ”
A．S+V +IO+ DO B．S+V +O C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+P
18．What's the sentence structure of the sentence "We often hear Simon sing English songs."
A．S+V+O B．S+V +P C．S+V+DO +OC D．S+V +IO +DO
19．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure
A．The news sounds terrible to us all.
B．No one knew the true history of the vase.
C．Millie felt sick after a long bus journey.
D．Summer days are getting longer and longer.
20．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “He will buy a present for me”
A．S+V+P B．S+V+DO+IO C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+IO+DO
21．The shop _____ at 8:00 a.m. and it ________ for ten hours every day.
A．opens; is open B．is opened; opens
C．is open; has opened D．opened; opens
22．The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone is _____ to them.
A．friendly B．gently C．happily D．politely
23．“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.” This sentence is the same as _______ in structure.
A．Paper cutting is a popular folk art in China.
B．Paper cuttings add merry atmosphere to the festivals.
C．Common designs include animals, flowers and figures cut.
D．Masters always bring these designs alive.
24．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three
A．I usually call my best friend a bookworm.
B．I saw a girl reading books under a big tree.
C．Mum told me to stay calm when I lost my way.
D．My parents always cook me nice meals on weekends.
25．“________” has the same structure as “We will make the world a better place for children.”
A．Volunteers often offer help in poor areas.
B．The farmer is making his son a wooden toy.
C．We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count.
D．Models wore colourful clothes from different times in the 20th century.
二、完成句子
26．据说那些花更多时间和家人在一起的人通常会更健康更幸福。（spend）
It’s said that .
27．
favorite
.
三、英译汉：整句
28．The most valuable thing is health, rather than money.
29．That boy is the tallest in our class. （英译汉）
30．Swimming is a piece of cake to you, but for me it’s quite different.
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：自20年前以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。
考查There be句型的现在完成时。根据“since 20 years ago”可知，此句应用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，排除A和D；主语“great changes”为复数，助动词用have。故选C。
2．B
【详解】句意：“张先生在学校教我们英语”的句子结构是“主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语”。
考查句子结构。Mr Zhang作主语，teaches作谓语，us作间接宾语，English作直接宾语，at school作地点状语。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：以下哪项是正确的？
考查判断正误。A项是主系表结构，正确；B项sad是形容词，不能修饰动词；C项ask后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；D项是过去时间，用一般过去时。故选A。
4．B
【详解】句意：中医在世界上越来越流行。
考查句子成分。句中的becoming表示“变得”，属于系动词，所以此句是主系表结构，划线部分是表语，故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：找出与其他两个句子结构不同的。
考查基本句型。I like comedies because they often made me laugh to relax.我喜欢喜剧，因为它们经常让我笑，让我放松。they often made me laugh是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构；I was so careless that I made the same mistake again.我太粗心了，又犯了同样的错误。I made the same mistake是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构；The young man feels lonely because he has no friends here.这个年轻人感到孤独，因为他在这里没有朋友。he has no friends here，是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构；因此A项与其他两项的句子结构不同，故选A。
6．A
【详解】试题分析：句意:这种牛奶今年很畅销。它很快就会卖完。sell well 畅销，此处的sell是不及物动词，不用被动语态；sell out 卖完，sell 是及物动词，it 指的是milk，故应该用被动语态。根据句意可知，这种牛奶很畅销，故会很快卖完，故选A。
考点：考查动词。
7．B
【详解】句意：“汤尝起来很好吃”的句型是主系表。
考查基本句型。S+V+O主谓宾；S＋V＋P主系表；S+V＋IO+DO主谓双宾；S+V+DO+OC主谓宾宾补。根据“The soup tastes very delicious.”可知，The soup为主语；tastes为感官系动词；delicious为形容词，作表语。故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：“The food tastes delicious.”这个句子是什么结构？
考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“the food”是主语，“tastes”是系动词，“delicious”是形容词，做表语。故选C。
9．D
【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的句子结构与其他三个句子不同？
考查基本句型。People feel cold in winter.冬天人们感到寒冷。Summer is my favourite season.夏天是我最喜欢的季节。Leaves turn brown in autumn.秋天树叶变成褐色。Children like flying kites in spring.孩子们喜欢在春天放风筝。根据句意理解可知，A/ B/ C三个选项中句子都是主系表的结构，而D选项是主谓宾的结构，所以D选项与其他选项不同，故选D。
10．D
【详解】句意：我父亲给了我十五元去购买一本英语词典。
考查双宾语。give sb. sth.给某人某物，其中sb.表示“人”，是间接宾语，sth.表示“物”，是直接宾语，句中划线部分“fifteen yuan”表示“物”，在句中作直接宾语。故选D。
11．C
【详解】试题分析：句意为：这家公司5年前就已经开业了。本题考查的是从过去开始，一直延续到现在，甚至仍将继续延续下去的动作或状态，应用现在完成时。由于open在英语中是短暂性动词，不可延续，但是其形容词形式表示状态，可以延续。故选C。
考点：考查现在完成时的用法。
12．D
【详解】句意：下面哪个和I saw him reading a book一样的结构？这个结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补，只有D是这个结构，故选D
13．B
【详解】句意：“The girl looks beautiful in red skirt.”的句子成分是主+系+表。
考查句子成分。主语（Subject，缩写为S）为The girl。looks看起来，为系动词作谓语动词（Verb，缩写为V），其后用形容词beautiful作表语（Predicative，缩写为P）。in red skirt为状语。故本句结构为S+V+P。故选B。
14．D
【详解】句意：“他给他妈妈买了条围巾”这句话句子结构是什么？
考查简单句的基本句型。he主语，bought谓语，her mother间接宾语，a scarf直接宾语。故这句话句型为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。故选D。
15．D
【详解】句意：我们必须让我们的教室保持干净。
考查句子成分。“keep...+形容词”意为“让……保持某种状态”，句中“clean”作宾语补足语，故选D。
16．D
【详解】句意：“他的妈妈正在做饭。”的句型是S+V。S+V+P主系表；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补；S+V主谓。“his mother”是主语，即S；“is cooking”是谓语，即V，所以句型是S+V。故选D。
17．A
【详解】句意：句子“The little girl gave me a big smile.”的句型是什么？
考查句子成分。S+V +IO+ DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V +O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语。分析句子结构可知，The little girl在句中作主语，gave作谓语，me作间接宾语，a big smile 作直接宾语。所以句子结构应该是S+V +IO+ DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。故选A。
18．C
【详解】句意：句子“We often hear Simon sing English songs.”的句子结构是_______.
考查句子结构。由 “我们经常听到西蒙唱英语歌”可知，其句子结构是：We是主语（S）；hear是及物动词（V）； Simon是直接宾语（DO）；sing English songs是宾语补足语（OC）；即S+V+DO+OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语），故选C。
19．B
【详解】句意：以下哪个句子的句子结构不同？
考查句子结构。The news sounds terrible to us all.（这消息听起来很可怕。）主语是The news；sounds为系动词；terrible为表语；No one knew the true history of the vase.（没有人知道这个花瓶的真实历史。）No one为主语；knew为谓语动词；the true history of the vase为宾语；Millie felt sick after a long bus journey.（长途汽车旅行后，米莉感到不舒服。）Millie为主语；felt为系动词；terrible为表语；Summer days are getting longer and longer.（夏天的日子越来越长了。）主语是Summer days；are getting为系动词；longer and longer为表语。结合选项可知， B项与其他选项不同。故选B。
20．B
【详解】句意：“He will buy a present for me”这个句子的句型是什么？
考查基本句型。He为主语，即S；will buy为谓语，即V；a present为直接宾语，即DO；me为间接宾语，即IO。综上，该句的结构为S+V+DO+IO，故选B。
21．A
【详解】句意：商店上午八点钟开门，每天营业10小时。
考查动词和形容词的用法。根据“at 8:00 a.m.”可知表示在八点开门，强调动作，“The shop”后接open的第三人称单数形式；再由“for ten hours every day”可知第二空强调营业的状态，用be open表示“开着，营业”，it后接be动词is。故选A。
22．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：从新疆来的学生喜欢待在我们学校因为这儿的每个人对他们很友好。 A. friendly 友好的；B. Gently温柔的；C. Patiently有耐心的；D. Happily高兴地。根据句意及语境此题应选A。
考点：考查形容词的用法
23．D
【详解】句意：“外国人觉得剪纸很有趣。”这句话的意思和“大师总是使这些设计栩栩如生”结构一样。
考查句子结构。“Foreigners find paper cutting interesting.”的句子结构是“主+谓+宾+宾补”，选项A是“主+系+表”；选项B是“主+谓+双宾语”；选项C是“主+谓+宾”；选项D是“主+谓+宾+宾补”。故选D。
24．D
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子的句子结构与其他三个句子不同？
考查语法结构。A项call sb. sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构；B项see sb. doing sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构； C项tell sb. to do sth,是“动词+宾语+宾补”结构；所以ABC 都有宾语补足语，结构为 S+V+O+OC；而 D 项cook sb. sth.不是宾补，而是“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”的双宾语结构，即S+V+IO+DO 。可知前面三项结构相同，故选D。
25．C
【详解】句意：“We are now inviting bird lovers to help us count.”和“We will make the world a better place for children.”有同样的句子结构。
考查句子结构。A项是主语+谓语+宾语+状语的句子结构；B项是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语的句子结构；C项是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（+宾语+宾语补足语）的句子结构；D项是主语+谓语+宾语+状语的结构。根据“We will make the world a better place for children.”的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语，因此与C项的句子结构一样，故选C。
26．people who spend more time with their families are usually healthier and happier
【详解】根据汉语意思可知要用一般现在时。“那些花更多时间和家人在一起的人”可用定语从句来表达，人people，作先行词，定语从句用who引导，花更多时间spend more time，和家人在一起with their families；“人们通常会更健康更幸福”用主系表结构，people作主语，be动词用are，通常usually，放在系动词之后，更健康healthier，更幸福happier，中间用and连接。故填people who spend more time with their families are usually healthier and happier。
27．Lion is my favorite animal
【详解】观察图片，这是一张动物图片——狮子；结合提示词“favorite最喜欢的”，我们可以组织句子大意“狮子是我最喜欢的动物。”故填Lion is my favorite animal.
28．最有价值的东西是健康，而不是金钱。
【详解】the most valuable“最有价值的”，最高级修饰名词thing“事情，东西”，health“健康”，rather than“而不是”，money“钱”。故填：最有价值的东西是健康，而不是金钱。
29．那个男孩是我们班最高的。
【详解】That boy“那个男孩”；is“是”；the tallest in our class“我们班最高的”。故填：那个男孩是我们班最高的。
30．游泳对你来说是小菜一碟，但对我来说就大不一样了。
【详解】Swimming：游泳，句子主语；is：是，系动词；a piece of cake：小菜一碟；to you对于你来说；but for me：但是对于我来说；it’s quite different：它是不同的，是主系表结构的句子；此处是but引导的并列句，故填：游泳对你来说是小菜一碟，但对我来说就大不一样了。
精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
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