专题十四 完形填空——中考二轮专题达标训练
一、
Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.
What is a dream exactly Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain 1 your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your 2 experiences with the old memories(记忆).As your brain connects things, it turns them into a(n) 3 , and then you get a dream.
Dreams may help you 4 worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will 5 the painful memories again in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel 6 after waking up.
Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, 7 when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.
Dreams may make you more 8 , too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream， 9 he woke up，he wrote it down. However, dreams alone can’t bring about creativity(创造力). 10 , the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream.
In a word, hard work is more important for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.
1.A.sells B.lifts C.reviews D.corrects
2.A.gold B.new C.strange D.bright
3.A.story B.work C.object D.rock
4.A.look up B.deal with C.try out D.write down
5.A.play B.invite C.choose D.pick
6.A.smarter B.lazier C.better D.friendlier
7.A.luckily B.especially C.honestly D.secretly
8.A.outgoing B.confident C.nervous D.creative
9.A.as soon as B.even though C.because of D.so that
10.A.In fact B.As a result C.All of a sudden D.To our surprise
二、
Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics(遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 11 at the number of artworks and carvings(雕刻) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 12 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us 13 how ancient people lived.
Rock carvings in the park 14 different subjects, including animals, plants, etc. People have 15 about 6, 000 carvings in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has already been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient 16 .
According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual world before they 17 words. Zhang said, “So rock art can be a language.” For the past years, Zhang and his team have 18 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work.”
Other experts and the local government have tried their best to 19 it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 20 people know of the need to protect rock carvings.
11.A. angry B. afraid C. bored D. surprised
12.A. information B. mistakes C. schoolwork D. snacks
13.A. punish B. understand C. forget D. reply
14.A. grow B. cover C. realise D. miss
15.A. found B. invented C. hit D. written
16.A. risk B. group C. art D. dream
17.A. explained B. treated C. saved D. created
18.A. handed in B. searched for C. tried out D. given up
19.A. protect B. lose C. lay D. shut
20.A. show B. help C. avoid D. warn
三、
My 12-year-old niece (侄女) was staying with us for a little while. One night we stayed up talking about how we used to 21 and take part in acts of kindness. We talked about how so much had 22 and how it would be difficult to do so many of those things now, 23 when it came to helping out strangers.
The next day, I needed to 24 something from downtown and took her with me. As we walked around, we heard a beautiful voice 25 . We turned around to see a middle-aged man sitting on a corner with his guitar. A couple was sitting on a bench nearby and 26 his music.
After I finished shopping, we 27 to sit at an outdoor restaurant across from him on the other side of the street. My niece kept 28 and saying how wonderful his singing was. 29 how she was moved by this, at the end of our 30 I gave her a $100 bill and asked her to put it in his bowl.
Though feeling 31 , she still headed over. As she got closer, the man was just finishing a song and they had a talk. She told him how 32 she was by his music, and he told her she 33 his day. As she was excitedly talking about the 34 with me, she mentioned, “He didn’t even know how much it was. He just 35 that someone was enjoying his music. That’s what really matters.”
21.A.exercise B.communicate C.volunteer D.research
22.A.changed B.reached C.improved D.invented
23.A.probably B.specially C.usually D.especially
24.A.buy B.learn C.find D.choose
25.A.crying B.singing C.shouting D.calling
26.A.admiring B.creating C.playing D.completing
27.A.failed B.happened C.expected D.seemed
28.A.joking B.asking C.arguing D.smiling
29.A.Wondering B.Seeing C.Hearing D.Doubting
30.A.meal B.visit C.play D.shopping
31.A.tired B.worried C.excited D.surprised
32.A.relaxed B.touched C.proud D.lucky
33.A.made B.spent C.wasted D.ended
34.A.song B.event C.conversation D.accident
35.A.treasured B.remembered C.required D.promised
四、
I often watched a little girl playing basketball on the playground near my house. She would 36 shooting over and over again, sometimes until 37 . One day I asked her 38 she practiced so hard, she said, “I like basketball. I want to play for the top basketball team. I want to be the 39 . My daddy told me if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t matter.”
I watched her 40 those high school years. One day, I saw her 41 on the grass, head in her arms. I walked to her and asked what was wrong. “Oh, 42 .” She said, “It’s just because of my height.” The coach told her that she was too 43 to play for a top team. She was very 44 . I asked her if she had talked to 46 about it yet. She told me that her father said those coaches were 46 . They just did not understand the power of a 47 . He told her that nothing could 48 her but one thing—her own attitude (态度) 49 she really wanted to play for a good basketball team. He told her again, if the dream is big enough, the facts don’t matter. The next year, she 50 to join the NCAA (全美大学生体育学会) women’s basketball team. It’s true: If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t matter.
36.A. practice B. hate C. mind D. forget
37.A. past B. light C. dark D. future
38.A. how B. when C. where D. why
39.A. kindest B. best C. cleverest D. tallest
40.A. through B. by C. across D. for
41.A. reading B. playing C. sitting D. smiling
42.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
43.A. thin B. fat C. tall D. short
44.A. proud B. glad C. sad D. lazy
45.A. himself B. herself C. her dad D. her coach
46.A. good B. wrong C. strong D. correct
47.A. dream B. team C. pleasure D. knowledge
48.A. follow B. choose C. win D. stop
49.A. if B. what C. as D. because
50.A. followed B. wanted C. was refused D. was asked
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：C
解析：动词辨析。句意:科学家解释说，在睡眠期间，你的大脑会回顾你一天中的经历。sells卖;lifts举起;reviews复习，回顾;corrects改正。根据your experiences in the day(你一天中的经历)可知，是回顾白天的经历。故选C。
2.答案：B
解析：形容词辨析。句意:它试图将你的新经历和旧记忆联系起来。gold金色的;new新的;strange奇怪的;bright明亮的。根据experiences with the old memories(记忆).(旧记忆的经历)可知，是把新经历和旧记忆联系起来。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：名词辨析。句意:当你的大脑将事物连接起来时，它会将它们变成一个故事，然后你就会做梦。story故事;work工作;object物体;rock石头。根据As your brain connects things(当你的大脑将事物连接起来时)可知，这些事物会变成一个故事，就成了梦。故选A。
4.答案：B
解析：动词短语辨析。句意:梦可以帮助你处理烦恼和恐惧。look up查阅;deal with处理;try out试验;write down写下。根据worries and fears(烦恼和恐惧) 可知，应该是帮助你处理烦恼和恐惧。故选B。
5.答案：A
解析：动词辨析。句意:然而，当你睡觉时，大脑会在一个安全的梦境空间里再次上演痛苦的记忆。play扮演;invite邀请;choose选择;pick挑选。根据the painful memories again in a safe dream space.(把痛苦的回忆重新放在一个安全的梦境空间里。)可知，是再次上演痛苦的记忆，动词用play符合题意。故选A。
6.答案：C
解析：形容词比较级辨析。句意:醒来后你会感觉更好。smarter更聪明的;lazier更懒惰的;better更好的;friendlier更友好的。根据There the bad memories become less painful. (在那里，糟糕的记忆变得不那么痛苦了。)可知，变得不那么痛苦，感觉会更好。故选C。
7.答案：B
解析：副词辨析。句意:因此，科学家建议你不要熬夜学习，尤其是在考试即将到来的时候。luckily幸运地;especially特别地;honestly诚实地;secretly秘密地。根据when an exam is coming(当考试即将到来的时候)可知，此处指尤其是有考试的时候，不要熬夜。故选B。
8.答案：D
解析：形容词辨析。句意:梦也会让你更有创造力。outgoing外向的;confident自信的;nervous紧张的;creative有创造力的。根据It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream(据报道，一位著名的词曲作者在梦中创作出了他最好的歌曲)可知，他在梦中创作了他最好的歌曲，所以梦会让人更有创造力。故选D。
9.答案：A
解析：连词辨析。句意:据报道，一位著名的词曲作者在梦中创作了他最好的歌曲，他一醒来就把它写了下来。as soon as一……就……;even though即使; because of因为;so that以便于。根据he woke up，he wrote it down.(他醒来，把它写了下来。)可知，他一醒来就把歌写了下来。故选A。
10.答案：A
解析：介词短语辨析。句意:事实上，这位词曲作者在做梦之前花了很多时间思考这首歌。In fact事实上;As a result结果;All of a sudden突然;To our surprise令我们惊讶的是。根据the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream.(在做梦之前，词曲作者花了很多时间思考这首歌。)可知，他在做梦之前已经思考了这首歌，这是事实。故选A。
二、
11.答案：D
解析：句意：任何人都会对岩石上的艺术品和雕刻的数量感到惊讶。angry 生气的；afraid 害怕的；bored 无聊的；surprised 惊讶的。根据下文“People have ... about 6,000 carvings in the park area since the 1970s”可知，此处表示的是任何人都会对岩石上的艺术品和雕刻的数量感到惊讶。故选D。
12.答案：A
解析：句意：在人类知道如何阅读和书写之前，这些雕刻就是一本充满信息的书。information 信息；mistakes 错误；schoolwork 学校作业；snacks 小吃，根据“before human beings knew how to read or write”可知，此处表示的是这些雕刻就是一本充满信息的书。故选A。
13.答案：B
解析：句意：今天，它帮助我们了解古人是如何生活的。punish 惩罚；understand 解释；forget 忘记；reply 回复。根据空后“help us ... how ancient people lived”可知，此处表示的是了解古人是如何生活的。故选B。
14.答案：B
解析：句意：公园里的石雕涵盖了不同的主题，包括动物、植物等。grow 种植；cover 覆盖；realise 意识到；miss 想念。根据“including animals, plants, etc.”可知，此处表示的是公园里的石雕涵盖了不同的主题。故选B。
15.答案：A
解析：句意：自20世纪70年代以来，人们在该公园已发现约6000件雕刻品。found 发现；invented 发明；hit 撞；written 写。根据数字“6,000 carvings in the park area since the 1970s”可知此处表示的是发现约6000件雕刻品。故选A
16.答案：C
解析：句意：这有助于游客了解更多的古代艺术。risk 风险；group 组；art 艺术；dream 梦想。根据第一段中的“Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗址) is like taking a walk through history.”以及上文“Rock art has already been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location”可知，此处表示的是这有助于游客了解更多古代艺术。故选C。
17.答案：D
解析：句意：据张教授介绍，在文字出现之前，“石刻历史”是人类展示精神世界的一种很好的方式。explained 解释；treated 对待；saved 拯救；created 创造,根据第一段中“The carvings were a book full of ... before human beings knew how to read or write.”可知，岩石画出现时，人类还不会读写，由此可知，此处指“岩石上的历史”是文字被创造出来之前人类表达精神世界的一种很好的方式。故选D。
18.答案：B
解析：句意：在过去的几年里，张和他的团队一直在寻找岩石艺术。handed in 递交；searched for 寻找；tried out 试验；given up 放弃。根据下文“we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing”可知，张先生和他的团队一直在寻找岩石艺术。故选B。
19.答案：A
解析：句意：其他专家和当地政府已经尽了最大努力来保护它。protect 保护；lose 失去；lay 放置；shut 关闭。根据空前的“have tried their best to”可知，此处表示的是已经尽了最大努力来保护它。故选A。
20.答案：B
解析：句意：银川世界岩石艺术博物馆已经开放，以帮助人们了解保护石刻的必要性。show 展示；help 帮助；avoid 避免；warn 警告。根据“And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to”可知，此处表示的是开放博物馆的目的是帮助人们了解保护石刻的必要性。故选B。
三、
21.答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.exercise锻炼;B.communicate交流;C.volunteer做志愿工作;D.research调查。句意:一天晚上，我们一直在谈论我们过去是如何做志愿者和参与慈善活动的。根据下文"take part in acts of kindness"可知，此处说的善举是指志愿活动。故选C。
22.答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.changed改变;B.reached达到;C.improved改善;D.invented发明。句意:我们谈到了发生了多大的变化，以及现在要做这么多事情是多么困难，尤其是在帮助陌生人的时候根据下文"and how it would be difficult to do so many of those things now"可知，善举能够改变很多事情。故选A。
23.答案：D
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.probably大概;B.specially特别地;C.usually经常;D.especially特别。句意:我们谈到了发生了多大的变化，以及现在要做这么多事情是多么困难，尤其是在帮助陌生人的时候。根据下文"when it came to helping out strangers"可知，本题考查especially when"特别是在"，用于强调某种情况下的特殊情况或特定时刻。故选D。
24.答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.buy购买;B.learn学习;C.find发现;D.choose改变。句意:第二天，我带着她去市中心买东西。根据下文"After I finished shopping"可知，作者是去买东西。故选A。
25.答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.crying哭;B.singing唱歌;C.shouting喊叫;D.calling叫。句意:当我们四处走动时，我们听到一个动听的声音在唱歌。根据下文"saying how wonderful his singing was."可知，男士是在唱歌。故选B。
26.答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.admiring欣赏;B.creating创造;C.playing演奏;D.completing完成。句意:一对夫妇坐在附近的长凳上欣赏他的音乐。根据上文"A couple was sitting on a bench nearby and"可知，一对夫妇在欣赏音乐。故选A。
27.答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.failed失败;B.happened碰巧;C.expected期待;D.seemed似乎。句意:我买完东西后，我们碰巧坐在街对面的一家露天餐馆里。根据下文"to sit at an outdoor restaurant across from him on the other side of the street."可知，本题考查happen to do sth"碰巧做某事"。故选B。
28.答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.joking讲笑话;B.asking询问;C.arguing争吵;D.smiling微笑。句意:我的侄女一直微笑着说他的歌声多么美妙。根据下文"saying how wonderful his singing was."可知，侄女喜欢他的音乐，因此是笑着说。故选D。
29.答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.Wondering想知道;B.Seeing看见;C.Hearing听见;D.Doubting怀疑。句意:看到她被这段歌声感动了，我们吃完饭后，我给了她一张100美元的钞票，让她把钞票放在他的碗里。根据上文"My niece kept (8)and saying how wonderful his singing was."可知，侄女被音乐感动是作者亲眼所见的。故选B。
30.答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.meal一顿饭;B.visit拜访;C.play玩耍;D.shopping购物。句意:看到她被这段歌声感动了，我们吃完饭后，我给了她一张100美元的钞票，让她把钞票放在他的碗里。根据上文"an outdoor restaurant"可知，作者和侄女在吃饭。故选A。
31.答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.tired劳累的;B.worried担忧的;C.excited兴奋的;D.surprised惊讶的。句意:她虽然感到很惊讶，但还是走了过去。根据上文"I gave her a $ 100 bill"可知，作者给了侄女很多钱，因此侄女很惊讶。故选D。
32.答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed放松的;B.touched感动的;C.proud骄傲的;D.lucky幸运的。句意:她告诉他，他的音乐让她多么感动，他也告诉她，她让他很开心。根据上文"how she was moved by this"可知，侄女被他的音乐感动了。故选B。
33.答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.made制造;B.spent花费;C.wasted浪费;D.ended结束。句意:她告诉他，他的音乐让她多么感动，他也告诉她，她让他很开心。根据下文"his day."可知，本题考查make one's day"通过某种行为或言语使某人感到非常开心或满足"。故选A。
34.答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.song歌曲;B.event事件;C.conversation谈话;D.accident意外遭遇。句意:当她兴奋地和我谈论这次谈话时，她提到:"他甚至不知道那是多少钱。"根据"She told him how(12)she was by his music，and he told her she...his day."可知，此处指侄女和街头艺人的谈话。故选C。
35.答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.treasured珍惜;B.remembered记得;C.required要求;D.promised承诺。句意:他只是珍惜有人喜欢他的音乐。根据下文"that someone was enjoying his music."可知，街头艺人很珍惜有人喜欢他的音乐。故选A。
四、
36.答案：A
解析：考查动词。句意:她会一遍又一遍地练习投篮，有时直到天黑。A.practice练习B.hate讨厌C.mind介意 D.forget忘记。根据后面"shooting over and over again"(反复地投篮)可知，是反复地练习投篮，practice doing sth练习做某事，would后跟动词原形，故选A。
37.答案：C
解析：考查名词。句意:她会一遍又一遍地练习投篮，有时直到天黑。A.past过去B.light灯，光C.dark黑暗D.future未来。根据语境，可知这里指小女孩儿练习篮球非常刻苦，有时直到天黑，故选C。
38.答案：D
解析：考查疑问副词。句意:有一天我问她为什么那么努力练习，她说，"我喜欢篮球。我想参加篮球队。我想成为最好的。我的爸爸告诉我如果梦想足够大，事实并不重要。"A.how怎么，如何B.when什么时候C.where在哪儿 D.why为什么。根据语境，可知"____she practiced so hard"是宾语从句，结合后面"she practiced so hard"(她练习得那么努力)可知，问原因，因此用why作引导词，引导宾语从句，故选D。
39.答案：B
解析：考查形容词最高级。句意:有一天我问她为什么那么努力练习，她说，"我喜欢篮球。我想参加篮球队。我想成为最好的。我的爸爸告诉我如果梦想足够大，事实并不重要。"A.kindest最善良的B.best最好的C.cleverest最聪明的D.tallest最高的。根据前文"I want to play for the top basketball team."(我想参加顶级篮球队。)可知，想做到最好，成为最棒的球员，故选B。
40.答案：A
解析：考查介词。句意:我看着她通过这些年的中学阶段。A.through通过，穿过(穿过时空范围)B.by通过，后跟动作，表示方式，通过干什么C.across横过，掠过，从表面经过D.for为了，对于。根据语境，可知作者看着她通过那几年的中学阶段，穿越时空，因此用through，故选A。
41.答案：C
解析：考查动词。句意:有一天，我看见她坐在草地上，头低在怀里。A.reading阅读B.playing打，演练C.sitting坐 D.smiling微笑。根据后文"head in her arms"(头在她的怀里)可知，非常沮丧的样子，在草坪上坐着，see sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事，故选C。
42.答案：B
解析：考查不定代词。句意:"哦，没什么，"她说，"只是因为我的身高。"A.everything一切，所有事物，强调整体或全部B.nothing没什么C.anything任何事物，常用于否定句或疑问句，强调个体D.something某事或某物，常用于肯定句或希望能够得到肯定回答的一般疑问句中。根据后文" It's just because of my height."(只是因为我的身高。)可知，情绪上很坦然，因此回答"没什么"，故选B。
43.答案：D
解析：考查形容词。句意:教练告诉她，她太矮不能参加顶级球队。A.thin瘦的B.fat胖的C.tall高的D.short矮的。根据前文" It's just because of my height."(只是因为我的身高。)可知，是太矮不能参加顶级篮球队，too...to太……而不能，用形容词原形，故选D。
44.答案：C
解析：考查形容词。句意:她非常难过。A.proud骄傲的B.glad高兴的C.sad悲伤的，难过的D.lazy懒惰的。根据前文语境，可知由于身高太矮不能参加篮球队，因此她是难过的，故选C。
45.答案：C
解析：考查名词词组。句意:我问她是否她已经跟她爸爸说这件事了。A.himself他自己B.herself她自己C.her dad她的爸爸D.her coach她的教练。根据后文"She told me that her father said those coaches were..."(她告诉我，她爸爸说那些教练是……)可知，作者问小女孩儿关于这件事是否和她的爸爸谈过，故选C。
46.答案：B
解析：考查形容词。句意:她告诉我，她爸爸说那些教练错了。A.good好的B.wrong错的C.strong强壮的D.correct正确的。根据后文"They just did not understand the power of ..."(他们只是不理解……的力量)可知，小女孩儿的爸爸说教练错了，因此wrong符合语境，故选B。
47.答案：A
解析：考查名词。句意:他们只是不懂得梦想的力量。A.dream梦，梦想B.team队，组C.pleasure满意，快乐 D.knowledge知识。根据语境，可知小女孩儿的梦想是参加顶级篮球队，成为最好的球员，因此这里是教练不懂得梦想的力量，故选A。
48.答案：D
解析：考查动词。句意:他告诉她，什么也不能阻止她，但有一件事一她自己的态度，是否她真的想参加一个好篮球队。A.follow跟随B.choose选择C.win赢，获胜 D.stop停止，阻止。根据语境，可知她爸爸告诉她没有什么能够阻止她，除了她的态度，故选D。
49.答案：A
解析：考查连词。句意:他告诉她，什么也不能阻止她，但有一件事一她自己的态度，是否她真的想参加一个好篮球队。A.if是否，如果B.what什么C.as当……时，尽管，因为D.because因为。根据语境，可知对她态度的判断，是否真地想参加好的篮球队，因此是用if引导的同位语从句，进一步解释前面的"her own attitude(态度)"，故选A
50.答案：D
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意:第二年，她被要求参加全美大学生体育学会女子篮球队。A.followed跟随 B.wanted想要C.was refused被拒绝D.was asked被要求。根据语境，可知她被要求参加全美大学生体育学会篮球队，句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故选D。
