初中英语语法-被动语态的构成同步练习
一、填写有关被动语态的信息
1 ．被动语态
当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为 语态； 当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要
用 语态。
一般现在时的被动语态句型结构
肯定句 主语+ + (by...).
否定句 主语+ + +动词过去分词(by...).
一般疑问句 +主语+动词过去分词 (by...) Yes, 主语+ ./No, 主语+ .
特殊疑问句 + +主语+动词过去分词 (by...)
2 ．你知道哪些后接不定式作宾补的动词在主动语态中会省略 to，而在被动语态中不能省略 to 吗？
二、单词拼写
3 ．The Chinese is (turn) into English.
4 ．The classroom was d for the holiday party.
5 ．Children can be easily (影响) by their peers (同龄人).
6 ．I had planned to go to the library, but I (prevent) by the heavy rain.
7 ．The problems of protecting teenagers are （reflect）in these films. So the films are
worth watching.
8 ．The money was (划分) equally among her four children after she died.
9 ．The coat made of cotton (wash) easily.
10 ．If you don’t work hard, you (ask) to leave sooner or later.
11 ．The walls of his room (paint) blue last month to help him sleep well.
12 ．—Zhao Liying (present) with the Best Actress Award at 2024 Feitian Awards. —Yes, she said she never thought such a great thing could happen to her.
13 ．Tea is p in many different areas in China, like Anxi and Hangzhou.
14 ．Across the world, many pet dogs are (对待) like children.
15 ．If people had dark hair, they were (call) the Blacks or the Browns.
16 ．During a storm, small trees can be easily .
17 ．My laptop is to the internet so I can do research for my school project. (connect)
18 ．It is said that a new school (build) near ours next year.
19 ．Sorry! We’re late. We were in traffic for over an hour. (stick)
20 ．Deforestation occurs when trees are without being replaced.
21 ．The package was s to my house yesterday.
22 ．The report (translate) into several languages for international distribution.
三、翻译
使用被动语态翻译下列句子。
23 ．我们不把英语当作第一语言使用。
24 ．这些电视机是 1990 年日本出产的。
25 ．法国人说英语还是法语
26 ． 中国什么地方生产盐
27 ．这些树可以被种在道路的两边。
28 ．每天早晨都能听到小鸟唱歌的声音。
29 ．世界被变成了一个更小的地方。
四、单项选择
30 ．—What language in that country
—German.
A ．are speaking B ．are spoken C ．is spoken
31 ．—Do you know when the sports meeting this year
—In November.
A ．will take place B ．will be taken place C ．will be happen
32 ．Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival started in 1985. It once a year.
A ．holds B ．is held C ．was held
33 ．Luckily, Tom’s lost dog on the street corner yesterday.
A ．is found B ．found C ．was found
34 ．—The basketball game because of the bad weather.
—What a pity!
A ．will cancel B ．was canceled C ．has canceled D ．is canceling
35 ．Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ______ in a minute.
A ．has learnt B ．has been learnt C ．can learn D ．can be learned
36 ．It’s wrong that the children all day.
A ．make to study B ．make studying
C ．are made studying D ．are made to study
37 ．The garden is more and more beautiful because many flowers every year.
A ．are planted B ．planted C ．were planting
38 ．Do you think that the bridge in a year
A ．would be completed B ．will be completed C ．had been completed D ．is being completed
39 ．—I’m a bit forgetful and I’m afraid I will forget the meeting time.
—Don’t be worried. You of the time before it.
A ．will remind B ．are reminded C ．remind D ．will be reminded
40 ．Paper in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.
A ．is invented B ．was invented C ．invented
41 ．There’s no doubt that poisonous capsules (胶囊) will appear again unless the producers
strictly.
A ．have punished B ．punish C ．are punished D ．are punishing
42 ．—Mmm ..., so delicious. What is it
—It jiaozi, one of the Chinese traditional dumplings in North China.
A ．calls B ．is called C ．called D ．was called
43 ．— I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It’s not in the museum.
A ．Must; allow B ．Can; allowing C ．Can; allowed
44 ．The fish ______ in the market tomorrow.
A ．will sell B ．will sold C ．will be sold D ．will been sold
45 ．A new bridge in our city next year.
A ．will build B ．will be built C ．is built
46 ．—Don’t come into my bedroom unless you to.
—All right, sister. If I knock at the door first, can I
A ．are asking B ．ask C ．will ask D ．are asked
47 ．To many people’s surprise, the PRC .
A ．found B ．was founding C ．was founded D ．founded
48 ．People say a new railway station next year.
A ．will build B ．builds C ．is built D ．will be built
49．Students to use the brush pens in school and it helps them better understand Chinese
culture.
A ．taught B ．will teach C ．are taught D ．were taught
50．Chinese soldiers who died during the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (抗美援朝)
back to our motherland on Nov 11th, 2023.
A ．will be brought B ．are brought C ．were brought
51 ．—Look! The garden is so clean.
—Yes. It every day.
A ．is cleaned B ．has been cleaned C ．is being cleaned
52 ．Yuan Longping saved millions of people from hunger, and he forever in China and
around the world.
A ．will remember B ．remembered C ．will be remembered
53．A great number of beautiful flowers on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A ．plant B ．are planted C ．are planting D ．planted
54 ．—Wow, your room is so tidy.
—Thank you. It every day.
A ．cleans B ．cleaned C ．is cleaned D ．was cleaned
55 ．Let’s work in groups. Then more time .
A ．saved B ．will save C ．was saved D ．will be saved
56．Nowadays, more and more high-technology products in China and some of them are
quite popular among foreigners.
A ．make B ．are made C ．made D ．were made
57 ．The Monkey King, a traditional Chinese character, ______ by all ages.
A ．is loving B ．is loved C ．was loved
58 ．Tom to the hospital after he broke his leg.
A ．take B ．was taken C ．are taken D ．will take
59 ．Trees and flowers on the hills every year.
A ．plant B ．planted C ．are planted
60 ．My bedroom looks very tidy because it by my mother every day.
A ．clean B ．cleaned C ．is cleaned D ．are cleaned
61 ．Different electric cars, including XIAOMI SU7 are very popular. They in many
areas in China now.
A ．produce B ．produced C ．are produced D ．were produced
62 ．Don’t put off today’s work for tomorrow. I mean, today’s work today.
A ．may do B ．must do C ．can do D ．must be done
63 ．I think the airplane by Wilbur and Orville Wright in 1903.
A ．invented B ．was invented C ．is invented
64 ．Lots of school things for children in poor areas last week.
A ．collected B ．were collected C ．collect D ．are collected
65 ．Hurry up, Tony. You on the phone.
A ．want B ．wanted C ．are wanted D ．were wanted
66 ．A few parks in our city three years ago.
A ．built B ．build C ．were built D ．are built
67．Eason by his Chinese teacher and he decided to learn more about Chinese in the
next few years.
A ．encourage B ．encourages C ．encouraged D ．was encouraged
68 ．In my opinion, every child should to follow the traffic rules by their parents.
A ．educate B ．be educating C ．educated D ．be educated
69 ．Many interesting activities every year on our School Day.
A ．hold B ．will hold C ．are held D ．were held
70 ．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and with a special party.
A ．celebrates B ．is celebrated C ．was celebrated D ．celebrated
71 ．Every year, plastic bottles into the sea, which does great harm to the sea
life.
A ．the number of; are thrown B ．a number of; are thrown C ．the number of; have thrown D ．a number of; have thrown
72 ．—Do you often clean your classroom
—Yes. Our classroom every day.
A ．clean B ．cleans C ．is cleaned D ．is
73 ．—Must I finish the book report by myself
—If you to do so.
A ．ask B ．are asked C ．will be asked
74 ．Ask him if the work tomorrow.
A ．finishes B ．will finish C ．is finished D ．will be finished
75 ．Most of the food we buy in some ways.
A ．processes B ．is processed C ．will process D ．to process
76 ．—When did you go to bed last night
—Not until my homework .
A ．finishes B ．finished
C ．is finished D ．was finished
77 ．— “The Three Body Problem” written by Liu Cixin well recently.
—Yes, it is really popular among teenagers.
A ．will sell B ．sold C ．sells D ．is sold
78 ．Many trees and flowers in our city every year.
A ．planted B ．are planting C ．are planted D ．were planted
79 ．It is that computers were invented in America.
A ．say B ．to say C ．said D ．saying
80 ．—Why did Tom go to bed so late yesterday
—Because his homework on time.
A ．didn’t finish B ．finish C ．wasn’t finished D ．isn’t finished
81 ．Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest for future use.
A ．save B ．saves C ．are saved D ．is saved
82 ．The 2024 Paris Olympics Games this July. That’s a fantastic sports game!
A ．holds B ．was held C ．held
83 ．—Hanfu lovers walking down the street in many cities.
—Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture.
A ．are found B ．can find C ．must be found
84 ．A large number of engineers to Africa by our government to help the people there
every year.
A ．have sent B ．are sent C ．were sent D ．send
85 ．Which sentence uses the passive (被动语态)
A ．Is he often invited to go to his friends’ parties
B ．Will he go to Lisa’s housewarming party next Sunday
C ．Is Tina with her friends going to the library
D ．Has the man caught the thief
五、完成句子
86 ．We must water the flowers every day, or they’ll die. （句子改为被动语态）
87 ．We must keep the noise under 50dbs(分贝）here.(改为被动语态）
88 ．They gave Tom a lot of gifts on his birthday.（改为被动语态） Tom a lot of gifts on his birthday (by them).
89 ．The government set up a warning sign at the crossing last week. (改为被动语态) A warning sign up at the crossing last week.
90 ．The manager gives girls the same chance as boys to apply for the job. (改为被动语态) Girls the same chance as boys to apply for the job.
91 ．The manager gave girls the same opportunity as boys to apply for the job.(改为被动语态) Girls the same opportunity as boys to apply for the job.
92 ．The hospital sent over 200 medical workers to fight against the epidemic. (改为被动语态) Over 200 medical workers to fight against the epidemic by the hospital.
93 ．She translated the novel into English. (改为被动语态） The novel into English.
94 ．We will plant more trees next year. (改为被动语态) More trees next year.
95 ．I’ll buy a handbag for my mother tomorrow. (改为被动语态)
A handbag for my mother by me tomorrow.
96 ．Miss Li asked me to clean the blackboard. (改为被动语态) I to clean the blackboard by Miss Li.
97 ．We will clean our classroom this afternoon. (改为被动语态) Our classroom by us this afternoon.
98 ．I will take care of your son. (改为被动语态)
Your son will by me.
99 ．My mother has given Tony a present for Christmas. (改为被动语态) Tony a present for Christmas by my mother.
100 ．Most people in Canada speak English as the first language. (改为被动语态) English as the first language by most people in Canada.
参考答案：
1 ． 主动 被动 am/is/are 动词过去分词 am/is/are not
Am/Is/Are am/is/are am not/isn’t/aren’t 特殊疑问词 am/is/are 2．make,
have, let, see, watch, hear, feel 等动词。
【解析】1 ．当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态； 当主语为动作的承受者时， 谓语要用被动语态；一般现在时的被动语态的肯定句结构是：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词 (by…).； 一般现在时的被动语态的否定句结构是：主语+am/is/are+not+动词过去分词
(by…).； 一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句结构是：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词过去分词
(by…) ；答语的结构是：Yes, 主语+am/is/are./No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t.； 一般现在时的 被动语态的特殊疑问句结构是： 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词 (by…) 。故填：
主动；被动；am/is/are；动词过去分词；am/is/are；not ；Am/Is/Are；am/is/are；am not/isn’t/aren’t；特殊疑问词；am/is/are。
2 ．make, have, let, see, watch, hear, feel 等动词后接不定式作宾补，在主动语态中会省略 to， 而在被动语态中不能省略 to。故填：make, have, let, see, watch, hear, feel 等动词。
3 ．turned
【详解】句意：中文被翻译成英文。根据句意可知，此处为被动，表示“中文被翻译成英 文”，且根据“is”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，结构为“be+过去分词”。故填 turned。
4 ．(d)ecorated
【详解】句意：教室为节日聚会进行了装饰。根据“The classroom was d... for the holiday
party.”及首字母提示可知，decorate“装饰”符合题意，又因为主语 classroom 与动词“装饰”之 间为被动关系，用过去分词 decorated，故填(d)ecorated。
5 ．influenced
【详解】句意：孩子们很容易受同龄人的影响。结合句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查
influence“影响”，动词；主语“Children”与动词“influence”为被动关系，根据空前“can be
easily…”可知，这里是含情态动词 can 的被动语态，其结构为 can be done，动词 influence 的 过去分词为 influenced。故填 influenced。
6 ．was prevented
【解析】略
7 ．reflected
【解析】略
8 ．divided
【详解】句意： 她去世后，钱被她的四个孩子平分了。根据“The money was…(划分) equally among her four children after she died.”可知，此表达“划分”应用动词 divide，名词 money 和动 词之前为被动关系，应用动词 divide 的过去分词形式。故填 divided。
9 ．washes
【详解】句意：这件棉外套很容易洗。此句强调客观事实，使用一般现在时，wash 用作不 及物动词和 easily 连用时，用主动形式表示被动意义，主语 coat 为单数第三人称，因此谓语 动词 wash“洗”需用三单形式“washes”。故填 washes。
10 ．will be asked
【详解】句意： 如果你不努力工作，你迟早会被要求离开。主语 you 与动词ask 之间是被动 关系，结合“If you don’t work hard”可知，此处是 if 引导的条件状语从句，主句应用一般将 来时，因此此处需用 will be done 结构。故填 will be asked。
11 ．were painted
【详解】句意： 上个月，他房间的墙壁被漆成蓝色，以帮助他睡个好觉。分析句子可知， 主 谓之间为被动关系，结构为“be+过去分词”； 根据“last month”可知，该句时态为一般过去时， 主语为“walls” ，be 动词应用 were。故填 were painted。
12 ．was presented
【详解】句意：——赵丽颖获颁 2024 飞天奖最佳女主角奖。——是的，她说她从未想过如 此美好的事情会发生在她身上。根据“Zhao Liying...(present) with the Best Actress Award at
2024 Feitian Awards.”可知，此处指赵丽颖被授予最佳女主角奖，用被动语态；结合“she
said...”，可知句子用一般过去时，此处用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”，主语是第 三人称单数，be 动词用 was ，present 的过去分词是 presented。故填 was presented。
13 ．(p)roduced/(p)lanted
【详解】句意：茶叶在中国许多不同的地区生产/种植，如安溪和杭州。根据“Tea is p... in many different areas in China”可知，是指茶产于/种植于中国很多不同区域，produce“生产”/plant“种 植”，主语与其是动宾关系，空处用过去分词与 is 构成被动语态。故填(p)roduced/(p)lanted。
14 ．treated
【详解】句意：在世界各地，许多宠物狗都被当作孩子对待。treat“对待”，本句主语 dogs 为 treat 的动作承受者，应用一般现在时的被动语态“be done”结构表示，所以动词用过去分 词形式。故填 treated。
15 ．called
【详解】句意： 如果人们有深色的头发，他们会被称作布莱克一家或者布朗一家。根据“they were... the Blacks”可知，此处是被动语态，其结构为：主语+be 动词+过去分词。故填 called。
16 ．blown away
【详解】句意：在暴风雨中，小树很容易被吹走。根据“During a storm, small trees can be easily ”可知，在暴风雨中，小树容易被吹走，blow away“吹走”，主语 small trees 与动词短 语 blow away 之间是被动关系，结合can be 可知，此空应填过去分词，故填 blown away。
17 ．connected
【详解】句意：我的笔记本电脑可以上网，这样我就可以为学校的项目做研究了。主语 laptop
与动词 connect 之间是被动关系，is 后接过去分词构成一般现在时被动语态，故填 connected。
18 ．will be built
【详解】句意： 据说， 明年在我们学校的附近将建一所新学校。根据“next year”可知，句子 时态用一般将来时，且主语 a new school 与谓语 build 之间是动宾关系，因此用一般将来时 的被动语态 will be done。故填 will be built。
19 ．stuck
【详解】句意：抱歉！我们迟到了。我们在路上堵了一个多小时。be stuck in“困于； 陷入”， 固定短语。故填 stuck。
20 ．cut down
【详解】句意： 当树木被砍伐而不被替换时，就发生了滥伐森林。根据“Deforestation occurs when trees are...without being replaced.”可知，此处是指树木被砍伐而没有被替换的一种行为， 被称为滥伐森林。cut down“砍伐”；空处需用过去分词 cut ，与空前 are 构成被动语态。故填 cut down。
21 ．(s)ent
【详解】句意： 包裹昨天被送到了我家。本句是一般过去时的被动语态结构，表示包裹被送 到家。send 的过去分词是 sent，所以填(s)ent。
22 ．has been translated
【详解】句意： 该报告已被翻译成多种语言在国际上发行。句子时态为现在完成时， 强调动 作已经完成并且对现在有影响。主语是“The report”，与动词“translate”之间是被动关系，因 此使用被动语态“has been translated”。故填 has been translated。
23 ．English isn’t used as our first language. 24 ．The TV sets were made in Japan in 1990.
25 ．Is English or French spoken by Frenchmen 26 ．Where is salt produced in China
27 ．These trees can be planted at the sides of the road. 28 ．The birds are heard to sing every
morning. 29 ．The world is made to be a much smaller place.
【解析】23．当作 as；第一语言 first language；使用 use。句中 we 是动词 use 的施动者，first language 是受动者，在被动语态句子中 first language 做主语，需用“受动者+be +过去分词+ （by+施动者）+其他”结构，故填 English isn’t used as our first language.。
24 ．be made in 在 …地方制造；in 1990 在 1990 年，用于一般过去时。句中 the TV sets 是动 词 make 的受动者，需用 be+过去分词结构；the TV sets 是复数人称，系词用 were；故填 The TV sets were made in Japan in 1990.。
25．句中“法国人 Frenchmen”是动词 speak 的施动者，“英语还是法语 English or French”是受 动者，English or French 做被动句的主语，需用“be +过去分词”结构，单数第三人称系词需 用 is，故填 Is English or French spoken by Frenchmen 。
26 ．句中“盐 salt”是动词produce 的受动者，需用 be+过去分词结构；where 问地点，salt 是 单数第三人称，故填 Where is salt produced in China 。
27 ．可以 can，表允许，后接原形动词；在道路的两边 at the sides of the road。句中“这些树 these trees”是动词 plant 的受动者，需用“be +过去分词”结构，故填 These trees can be planted
at the sides of the road.。
28．每天早晨 every morning，用于一般现在时；听到 hear。句中 the birds 是复数人称，同时 是动词 hear 的受动者，需用“be +过去分词”被动结构。hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事，省略 to 的不定式在被动结构中需恢复 to，故填 The birds are heard to sing every morning.。
29 ．世界 the world；被变成 be made to be； 一个更小的地方 a much smaller place 。the world 是单数第三人称，又动词 make 的受动者，需用“be +过去分词”结构，故填 The world is made to be a much smaller place.。
题号 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
答案 C A B C B D D A B D
题号 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
答案 B C B C C B D C D C
题号 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
答案 C A C B C D B B B C
题号 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69
答案 C C D B B C C D D C
题号 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79
答案 B B C B D B D C C C
题号 80 81 82 83 84 85
答案 C D B A B A
86 ．The flowers must be watered every day, or they’ll die.
【详解】we 是原句动词 water 的施动者，受动者是 the flowers，变为被动语态后二者角色需 互换，基本结构为“受动者+be +过去分词+（by+施动者）+其他” 。must 必须，情态动词后 接原形动词；根据句意结构，可知填 The flowers must be watered every day, or they’ll die.。
87 ．The noise must be kept under 50dbs here./The noise here must be kept under 50dbs.
【详解】句意：我们在这儿必须把声音控制在 50 分贝以下。含情态动词的被动语态结构为： 情态动词+be done。原句动作承受者 the noise 提到句首作主语，keep 的过去分词为 kept，地 点状语 here 的位置可灵活处理，故填 The noise must be kept under 50dbs here./The noise here
must be kept under 50dbs.
88 ．was given
【详解】句意：汤姆生日那天他们给了他很多礼物。根据句中的 gave 可知原句时态是一般 过去时，其被动语态的构成是 was/were +过去分词；主语 Tom 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was ，give 的过去分词的 given。故填 was given。
89 ． was set
【详解】句意： 上周，政府在十字路口设置了警告标志。被动语态的结构为 be+done，根据 “last week”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“A warning sign”是第三人称单数，be 动词 用 was ，set 的过去分词是 set。故填 was； set。
90 ． are given
【详解】句意： 经理给女孩和男孩一样的机会申请这份工作。根据题意是变成被动语态， 主 语是 girls 和谓语动词之间存在被动语态，一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构是 be done 的形 式，主语是复数，be 动词用 are ，give“给”，是动词，过去分词是 given。故填 are ；given。
91 ． were given
【详解】句意： 经理给女孩子们和男孩子相同的机会来申请工作。原句是一般过去时，变成 一般过去时的被动结构。主语“girls”是复数概念，表达“被给”用“were given”。故填were；given。
92 ． were sent
【详解】句意： 医院派送了超过 200 名医疗工作者抗击这次流行病。时态是一般过去时，一 般过去时的被动结构是 was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是“Over 200 medical workers”，为 复数，因此用 were，动词 send 的过去分词为 sent。故填 were； sent。
93 ． was translated
【详解】句意：她将小说翻译成了英文。考查主动语态变为被动语态，原句 translated 为一 般过去时，应该改为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为 was/were done。主语是 The novel，第 三人称单数的 be 动词用 was ，translate 的过去分词为 translated。故填 was ；translated。
94 ． will be planted
【详解】句意：明年我们将种植更多的树。原句为含有“will”的一般将来时态，被动语态由 “will be+过去分词”构成。plant“种植”，过去分词为 planted。故填 will；be；planted。
95 ． will be bought
【详解】句意： 明天我要给我妈妈买一个手提包。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是一般将 来时，应改为一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为 will be done。buy 的过去分词为 bought。故
填 will be bought。
96 ． was asked
【详解】句意：李老师让我擦黑板。原句为一般过去时，被动语态构成为 was/were + 动词 过去分词，主语为 I，故应用 was ，ask 的过去分词为 asked。故填 was ；asked。
97 ． will be cleaned
【详解】句意： 今天下午我们将打扫教室。原句时态为一般将来时，改为被动语态，其结构 为“will be+过去分词”。故填 will；be；cleaned。
98 ． be taken care of
【详解】句意： 我会照顾你的儿子。被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”，根据空前的“will”可 知，此处应用动词原形 be。故填 be；taken；care ；of。
99 ． has been given
【详解】句意： 我妈妈送给托尼一份圣诞礼物。原句时态为现在完成时， 改为被动语态，其 结构为“have/has+been+过去分词”，根据空处所在句的主语为“Tony”，所以应填has been given。 故填 has；been；given。
100 ． is spoken
【详解】句意： 加拿大的大多数人把英语作为第一语言。原句时态为一般现在时，此处应用 一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“English”，此处应填 is spoken。故填 is； spoken。
