Unit 2 Getting along 词汇与语法练习答案解析
Ⅰ. 选词填空
题组1
1. 答案：plans
解析：“any”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，“plan”为可数名词，此处表示“假期计划”，用复数形式“plans”。
2. 答案：hole
解析：兔子躲避危险会躲进洞里，“hole”表示“洞穴”，符合语境，且由“its”可知用单数。
3. 答案：poem
解析：“recite”（背诵）搭配“poem”（诗歌），“a beautiful poem”表示“一首优美的诗”，用单数。
4. 答案：grade
解析：“get a good grade”为固定搭配，意为“取得好成绩”，符合“数学考试”的语境，用单数。
5. 答案：gate
解析：“close the gate”表示“关上门/大门”，由“the”可知此处指特定的门，用单数。
题组2
1. 答案：neighbour
解析：“next-door”（隔壁的）修饰“neighbour”（邻居），由“is”可知用单数，指隔壁的老人。
2. 答案：government
解析：“local government”表示“当地政府”，是固定搭配，政府为单数概念，用“government”。
3. 答案：relatives
解析：“come to visit us”（来拜访我们）的主语通常是复数，“relative”（亲戚）的复数形式“relatives”符合语境。
4. 答案：agreement
解析：“reach an agreement”为固定短语，意为“达成协议”，“agreement”为可数名词单数，用原形。
5. 答案：message
解析：“leave a message”表示“留言”，是固定搭配，“a”后接单数名词“message”。
6. 答案：article
解析：“read an article”表示“读一篇文章”，“an”后接单数名词，“article”（文章）符合“杂志中关于动物”的语境。
题组3
1. 答案：afraid
解析：“be afraid of”为固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，后文“被狗咬伤”解释了害怕的原因，符合语境。
2. 答案：lively
解析：“lively”是形容词，意为“活泼的”，修饰名词“girl”，符合“带来欢乐”的描述。
3. 答案：glad
解析：“be glad to do sth”表示“高兴做某事”，老师看到学生进步会感到高兴，“glad”符合语境。
题组4
1. 答案：stressed
解析：“feel”后接形容词，“stressed”意为“感到有压力的”，“考试即将到来”会让人有压力，符合语境。
2. 答案：narrow
解析：“narrow”是形容词，意为“狭窄的”，后文“两辆车无法同时通过”说明道路窄，符合语境。
3. 答案：double
解析：“double seat”表示“双人座”，是固定搭配，符合“电影院后排更舒适”的描述。
4. 答案：true
解析：“true”修饰名词“feelings”，意为“真实的感受”，告诉朋友真实感受符合语境，用形容词原形。
题组5
1. 答案：shouted
解析：由“saw”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“shout for help”表示“呼救”，“shout”的过去式为“shouted”。
2. 答案：return
解析：“will”后接动词原形，“return...to...”表示“把……归还给……”，“归还书到图书馆”符合语境。
3. 答案：built
解析：“during the summer vacation”（暑假期间）表示过去的时间，句子用一般过去时，“build”的过去式为“built”。
4. 答案：Knock
解析：这是祈使句，以动词原形开头，“knock at the door”表示“敲门”，句首首字母大写。
5. 答案：reach
解析：“It took sb some time to do sth”为固定句型，“to”后接动词原形，“reach the decision”表示“做出决定”，符合语境。
题组6
1. 答案：argued
解析：由“couldn't”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“argue”表示“争论”，过去式为“argued”，“争论很久未达成协议”符合语境。
2. 答案：divide
解析：“Let's”后接动词原形，“divide...into...”表示“把……分成……”，“把蛋糕分成六块”符合语境。
3. 答案：offered
解析：句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，“offer suggestions”表示“提出建议”，“offer”的过去式为“offered”。
4. 答案：pass
解析：“let sb do sth”为固定用法，“pass”表示“通过、走过”，“让他们过去”符合语境，用动词原形。
5. 答案：respect
解析：句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是“I”，“respect”表示“尊重”，用动词原形，“尊重观点但不认同”符合语境。
题组7
1. 答案：inside
解析：“inside”表示“在里面”，“打开包看到里面有个钱包”符合语境，用副词原形。
2. 答案：Perhaps
解析：“Perhaps”是副词，意为“也许、可能”，表示不确定的推测，“也许你是对的”符合语境，句首首字母大写。
3. 答案：online
解析：“online”表示“在网上”，“在网上找信息”是常见搭配，符合“学校项目”的语境。
4. 答案：quite
解析：“quite a few”为固定短语，意为“相当多”，修饰可数名词复数“books”，“房间里有相当多的书”符合语境。
题组8
1. 答案：since
解析：“since”引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，“自从出生就住在这里”符合语境。
2. 答案：Whenever
解析：“Whenever”表示“无论何时”，引导时间状语从句，“无论何时看到这张照片都想起童年”符合语境，句首首字母大写。
3. 答案：nor
解析：“neither...nor...”为固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”，“昆明夏天不热冬天不冷”符合语境。
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. 答案：recently
解析：“recent”是形容词，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，“recently”意为“最近”，符合“取得进步”的时间语境。
2. 答案：priceless
解析：“price”是名词，此处需要形容词作表语，“priceless”意为“无价的”，“真正的友谊无价”符合语境。
3. 答案：eating
解析：“feel like doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，“like”后接动词-ing形式，“想吃披萨”符合语境。
4. 答案：to speak
解析：“encourage sb to do sth”为固定用法，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，“鼓励在课堂上说英语”符合语境，用动词不定式。
5. 答案：playing
解析：“after”是介词，后接动词-ing形式，“打篮球之后”符合语境，“play”的-ing形式为“playing”。
6. 答案：reading
解析：“keep doing sth”为固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”，“每天坚持读英语故事”符合语境，“read”的-ing形式为“reading”。
7. 答案：taking
解析：“about”是介词，后接动词-ing形式，“对第一次坐飞机感到兴奋”符合语境，“take”的-ing形式为“taking”。
8. 答案：to help
解析：“offer to do sth”为固定用法，意为“主动提出做某事”，“主动帮忙做英语作业”符合语境，用动词不定式。
9. 答案：to learn
解析：“plan to do sth”为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”，“计划暑假学骑自行车”符合语境，用动词不定式。
10. 答案：most famous
解析：由“among these three cities”（在这三个城市中）可知，此处用形容词最高级，“famous”的最高级为“most famous”。
11. 答案：have kept
解析：“since then”（从那以后）是现在完成时的标志，主语是“they”，“keep in touch”表示“保持联系”，现在完成时结构为“have kept”。
12. 答案：has worked
解析：“for ten years”（十年了）是现在完成时的标志，主语是“my father”，第三人称单数，“work”的现在完成时结构为“has worked”。
13. 答案：has doubled
解析：“in the past few months”（在过去几个月里）是现在完成时的标志，主语是“the price”，第三人称单数，“double”的现在完成时结构为“has doubled”。
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 答案：in mind
解析：“keep...in mind”为固定短语，意为“牢记……”，“牢记忠告”符合语境，填“in mind”。
2. 答案：gave up
解析：“放弃”对应的短语是“give up”，由“because of the heavy rain”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“give”的过去式为“gave”，填“gave up”。
3. 答案：hundreds of
解析：“数百”对应的短语是“hundreds of”，修饰可数名词复数“lanterns”，“数百盏彩灯”符合语境，填“hundreds of”。
4. 答案：in return
解析：“作为回礼”对应的短语是“in return”，是固定搭配，符合“送邮票作为回礼”的语境，填“in return”。
5. 答案：dividing line
解析：“分界线”对应的短语是“dividing line”，“a”后接单数名词短语，“充当分界线”符合语境，填“dividing line”。
6. 答案：here and there
解析：“四处”对应的短语是“here and there”，“四处奔跑”符合语境，填“here and there”。
7. 答案：set up
解析：“成立”对应的短语是“set up”，由“last month”（上个月）可知句子时态为一般过去时，“set”的过去式仍为“set”，填“set up”。
8. 答案：ran away
解析：“跑掉”对应的短语是“run away”，由“heard”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“run”的过去式为“ran”，填“ran away”。
9. 答案：at last
解析：“终于”对应的短语是“at last”，“雨终于停了”符合语境，填“at last”。
10. 答案：covered; with
解析：“给……披上……”对应的短语是“cover...with...”，句子陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“cover”的过去式为“covered”，填“covered; with”。
11. 答案：knocked down
解析：“撞倒”对应的短语是“knock down”，由“last night”（昨晚）可知句子时态为一般过去时，“knock”的过去式为“knocked”，填“knocked down”。
12. 答案：donated
解析：“捐赠”对应的动词是“donate”，句子陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“donate”的过去式为“donated”，填“donated”。
13. 答案：Step back
解析：“往后退”对应的短语是“step back”，这是祈使句，以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写，填“Step back”。
14. 答案：What if
解析：“如果……怎么办”对应的短语是“what if”，用于提出假设，句首首字母大写，填“What if”。
Ⅰ. 完形填空
1. 答案：D
解析：前文“count”（计数）对应“次数”，“times”表示“次数”，符合“计算表达歉意的次数”的语境；“mistakes”（错误）、“people”（人）、“ways”（方法）均不符合“计数”的逻辑。
2. 答案：A
解析：“apology”（道歉）对应“sorry”（抱歉的），“expressed clearly you were sorry”表示“明确表达你很抱歉”，符合道歉的语境；“weak”（虚弱的）、“sad”（悲伤的）、“wrong”（错误的）均不贴合“道歉”的核心含义。
3. 答案：C
解析：“can't go to bed with an easy mind”（不能安心睡觉）说明“没做什么事”，“nothing”表示“没有事情”，符合语境；“something”（某事）、“anything”（任何事）、“everything”（所有事）均与“不能安心”的逻辑相反。
4. 答案：B
解析：“found nothing wrong”（没发现问题）发生在“仔细检查”之后，“after”表示“在……之后”，符合时间逻辑；“before”（在……之前）、“till”（直到）、“since”（自从）均不符合“检查后得出结果”的顺序。
5. 答案：D
解析：前文“头痛、心脏病、失眠”是症状，推测是有事情“困扰”，“worrying”表示“使担忧、困扰”，符合语境；“dividing”（划分）、“changing”（改变）、“touching”（触摸）均与“身体不适的原因”无关。
6. 答案：A
解析：“make sb do sth”表示“让某人做某事”，符合“医生让男人写信”的语境，且“make”后接不带“to”的不定式；“helped”（帮助）后接“to do”，“saw”（看见）后接“doing”或“do”，“let”（让）虽后接“do”，但“make”更强调“促使”，符合医生的建议语气。
7. 答案：A
解析：前文“cheating his brother of his inheritance”（骗取哥哥遗产），所以需要“归还”钱，“returned”表示“归还”，符合语境；“gave”（给）、“kept”（保留）、“paid”（支付）均不符合“弥补骗取遗产”的逻辑。
8. 答案：A
解析：“as soon as the letter was put into the post box”（信一寄出），男人“突然”哭了，“suddenly”表示“突然地”，符合情绪瞬间释放的语境；“carefully”（仔细地）、“happily”（开心地）、“loudly”（大声地）均不贴合“放下心事”的突然情绪。
9. 答案：C
解析：“not only...but also...”（不仅……而且……）表递进，“save a broken relationship”（挽救破裂的关系）递进为“使关系更牢固”，“stronger”表示“更牢固的”，符合语境；“fuller”（更满的）、“worse”（更差的）、“harder”（更难的）均不符合递进逻辑。
10. 答案：C
解析：“offer an apology to sb”为固定搭配，意为“向某人道歉”，“should be offered”表示“应该被给予”，符合“你应该向某人道歉”的语境；“given”（给）、“supposed”（应该的）、“forgotten”（被忘记的）均不与“apology”构成正确搭配。
Ⅱ. 综合填空
1. 答案：grandfather/grandpa
解析：后文“the grandfather said”提示此处是“爷爷”，“grandfather”或“grandpa”均符合语境，由“g”开头，填“grandfather”或“grandpa”。
2. 答案：hate
解析：前文“a boy fought with one of his classmates”（男孩和同学打架），所以“恨”对方，“hate”表示“憎恨”，主语是“I”，用动词原形，由“h”开头，填“hate”。
3. 答案：story
解析：后文爷爷开始讲述内容，“tell a story”表示“讲故事”，由“s”开头，填“story”。
4. 答案：two
解析：后文“One is good...the other is bad”（一个好……另一个坏）说明是“两只”老虎，由“t”开头，填“two”。
5. 答案：gets
解析：“get on well with”为固定搭配，意为“与……相处融洽”，主语是“he”，第三人称单数，“get”的第三人称单数形式为“gets”，由“g”开头，填“gets”。
6. 答案：But
解析：前文讲好老虎，后文讲坏老虎，是转折关系，“but”表示“但是”，句首首字母大写，由“B”开头，填“But”。
7. 答案：time
解析：“all the time”为固定短语，意为“一直、总是”，“总是和别人打架”符合坏老虎的特点，由“t”开头，填“time”。
8. 答案：difficult
解析：内心有两只对立的老虎，“很难”相处，“difficult”表示“困难的”，由“d”开头，填“difficult”。
9. 答案：asked
解析：后文是男孩的问题，“ask”表示“问”，由“looked”可知句子时态为一般过去时，“ask”的过去式为“asked”，由“a”开头，填“asked”。
10. 答案：feed
解析：后文“I always feed the good and kind tiger”（我总是喂养好老虎）提示此处是“喂养”，“feed”表示“喂养”，主语是“I”，用动词原形，由“f”开头，填“feed”。Unit 2 Getting along 词汇与语法练习
Ⅰ. 选词填空，从方框中选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空。
题组1
grade plan poem hole gate
1. Do you have any _________ for the winter vacation.
2. The rabbit hid in its _________ to avoid(避免) danger outside.
3. Our teacher asked us to recite a beautiful _________ by Li Bai.
4. I got a good _________ in the maths test last week. I was really happy about it.
5. She closed the _________ behind her.
题组2
agreement relative government neighbour article message
1. Our next - door _________ is a kind old man. He often helps others.
2. Our local _________ built a new park for people to relax.
3. Our _________ often come to visit us during the Spring Festival.
4. The two sides failed to reach _________.
5. Remember to leave a _________ for your mum if you go out later.
6. I read an interesting _________ about animals in the magazine yesterday.
题组3
glad afraid lively
1. I'm _________of dogs because one bit me when I was young.
2. My little sister is a _________girl and she always brings joy to our family.
3. The teacher was _________ to see her students making great progress in reading.
题组4
double stressed narrow true
1. I feel _________ because the exams are coming soon.
2. The road is very_________. Two cars can't pass through at the same time.
3. We sat in the_________ seat at the back of the cinema, which was more comfortable.
4. Don't be afraid to tell your friends your_________ feelings.
题组5
build shout knock reach return
1. She _________ for help when she saw the fire in the kitchen.
2. I will _________ the book to the library tomorrow.
3. My father and I _________ a small tree house in the backyard during the summer vacation.
4. _________ at the door before you enter.
5. It took them three days to _________ the decision.
题组6
offer argue respect divide pass
1. We _________ for a long time but still couldn't reach an agreement.
2. Let's_________ the cake into six pieces. Everyone can have one.
3. They _________ some useful suggestions on how to solve the problem.
4. I stepped back to let them _________.
5. I _________ your opinion, although I don't agree with it.
题组7
quite online perhaps inside
1. She opened the bag and saw a wallet_________.
2. _________ you are right, but we still need to think it over.
3. We can find a lot of useful information _________ for our school projects.
4. I have _________ a few books in my room. Reading is my favourite hobby.
题组8
nor since whenever
1. He has lived in this city_________ he was born.
2. _________ I see this photo, I think of my happy childhood.
3. Kunming is known for its weather—neither hot in summer _________ cold in winter.
Ⅱ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. My sister has made great progress in maths _________(recent).
2. True friendship is _________(price). We should cherish the friends who are always there for us.
3. I feel like _________(eat) pizza today. It's my favourite food.
4. My teacher always encourages me _________( speak) English in class.
5. After_________(play) basketball, he was thirsty and drank a lot of water.
6. I keep _________(read) English stories every day to improve my English.
7. He was very excited about _________(take) a plane for the first time.
8. My friend offered _________( help) me with my English homework. He is so kind.
9. She plans _________( learn) how to ride a bike during the summer vacation.
10. Which city is the _________(famous) among these three cities
11. Since then, they _________(keep) in touch with each other.
12. My father_________(work) in this company for ten years.
13. The price of vegetables _________(double) in the past few months because of the bad weather.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 他总是牢记她的忠告。
He always keeps her advice ________.
2. 因为下大雨，他们放弃了去露营的计划。
They ________ ________ the plan to go camping because of the heavy rain.
3. 节日期间，数百盏彩灯照亮了公园。
During the festival, ________ ________ colourful lanterns lit up the park.
4. 老人送给他一套邮票作为回礼。
The old man gave him a set of stamps as a gift ________ ________.
5. 这道栅栏在花园里充当分界线，把不同种类的花隔开。
The fence serves as a ________ ________ in the garden, separating different kinds of flowers.
6. 孩子们在操场上四处奔跑，又笑又叫。
The children were running ________ ________ in the playground, laughing and shouting.
7. 我们学校上个月成立了一个新的科学社团。
Our school ________ ________ a new science club last month.
8. 狗听到巨大的响声后跑掉了。
When the dog heard the loud noise, it ________ ________.
9. 持续的雨终于停了，太阳出来了。
The long-lasting rain stopped ________ ________, and the sun came out.
10. 大雪给群山披上了白色的毯子。
Heavy snow ________ the mountains ________ a white blanket.
11. 昨天晚上一辆超速行驶的汽车撞倒了街角的一盏路灯。
A speeding car ________ ________ a street lamp on the corner last night.
12. 这个有钱人捐了很多钱修建学校。
The rich man ________ a lot of money to build schools.
13. 往后退一点，不然你离这幅画太近了。
________ ________ a little, or you'll be too close to the painting.
14. 如果我在演讲时忘了怎么办？我好紧张。
________ ________ I forget my lines during the speech I'm so nervous.
Ⅰ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It's never easy to admit(承认)you are in the wrong. We all need to know the art of apology(道歉). Think how often you've done wrong. Then count how many 1______ you've expressed clearly you were 2______. You can't go to bed with an easy mind if you do 3______about it. A doctor friend, Mr Lied, told me about a man who came to him with different kinds of signs:headaches, heart illness and insomnia(失眠). 4______some careful exams, Mr Lied found nothing wrong with him and said, "If you don't tell me what's 5______you, I can't help you." The man admitted he was cheating his brother of his inheritance(遗产). Then and there(立即)the doctor 6______the man write to his brother and 7______his money. As soon as the letter was put into the post box, the man 8______cried. "Thank you," he said to the doctor. "I think I've felt better."
An apology can not only save a broken relationship but also make it 9 . If you can think of someone who should be 10 an apology from you, do something about it right now.
( )1. A. mistakes B. people C. ways D. times
( )2. A. sorry B. weak C. sad D. wrong
( )3. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
( )4. A. Before B. After C. Till D. Since
( )5. A. dividing B. changing C. touching D. worrying
( )6. A. made B. helped C. saw D. let
( )7. A. returned B. gave C. kept D. paid
( )8. A. suddenly B. carefully C. happily D. loudly
( )9. A. fuller B. worse C. stronger D. harder
( )10. A. given B. supposed C. offered D. forgotten
Ⅱ. 综合填空根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限填一词。
One day, a boy fought with one of his classmates. Then he went to his g______1 and told him his story angrily. "He is really bad," the boy said, "and I h______2 him." The grandfather said, "Let me tell you a s______3 . When I was a boy, I too, sometimes hated others for what they did." As the boy listened carefully, the grandfather went on, "There are always t______4 tigers inside my heart. One is good and kind. He g______5 on well with everything around him. B______6 the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the t______7 , and for no reason. He can't think carefully because he always hates others. It is d______8 to live with these two tigers inside my heart. They both try to control(控制)me." The boy looked into his grandfather's eyes and a______ 9 , "Which tiger always controls you, Grandfather " The old man said slowly and seriously, "The one that I f______10 . I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now."
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
