一般过去时（解析版）
【暑假自学课】2025 年新八年级人教版（2024）英语
01 一般过去时
语法解析
1.核心结构与用法
句型 结构公式 例句 标志词
肯定 主语 + 动词过去式 She played the piano yesterday（昨天） last week/month
yesterday. They were late
句 （上周/月） ago（以前） in 2023
for school.
（在 2023 年） just now（刚才）
否定 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 He didn’t watch TV last
night. We weren’t at 句
home yesterday.
一般 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ Did you go to the park
Was she happy
疑问 Were/Was + 主语 + 表
yesterday
句 语？
特殊 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动 What did they do last
weekend Where was he
疑问 词原形？ 疑问词 +
born
句 were/was + 主语？
2.规则动词过去式变化规则
结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
一般情况 加-ed play→played work→ 不可漏加-ed（如 look→look 错
结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
worked 误）
以不发音 e 结尾 加-d dance→danced live→ 去 e 加-d（如 hope→hoped）
lived
辅音+y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加- study→studied carry→ 元音+y 直接加-ed（如 enjoy→
ed carried enjoyed）
重读闭音节且末尾只 双写辅音字 stop→stopped shop→ 非重读闭音节不双写（如 visit
有一个辅音字母 母加-ed shopped →visited）
不规则动词 特殊变化 go→went eat→ate be→ 不可按规则变化（如 think→
was/were thinked 错误）
【典例分析】
考点 1：一般过去时结构辨析（基础）
1.—______ you ______ to the museum yesterday
—Yes,I did.
A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;went D.Do;went
2.She ______ not ______ her homework last night.
A.did;do B.did;did C.does;do D.does;did
3.—Where ______ he ______ from
—He was from China.
A.is;come B.does;come C.did;come D.was;come
考点 2：动词过去式变化规则（进阶）
1.They ______ to the park and ______ a picnic last Sunday.
A.go;have B.went;had C.go;had D.went;have
2.The boy ______ his homework carefully yesterday.
A.study B.studies C.studied D.studyed
3.We ______ at the hotel last night because it rained heavily.
A.stoped B.stopped C.stop D.stopping
学习总结
核心语法点速记
1.结构公式：
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式（规则动词加-ed/不规则动词特殊形式）。
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形（无论主语人称，动词均用原形）。
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？（be 动词过去式 was/were 直接提前）。
2.动词过去式规则：
规则动词：一般加-ed，e 结尾加-d，辅音+y 变 i+ed，重读闭音节双写加-ed。
不规则动词：需单独记忆（如 do→did，see→saw，am/is→was，are→were）。
标志词：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2022 等表示过去的时间短语。
易错点警示
be 动词误用：注意主语与 be 动词过去式的搭配（I/He/She/It→was，We/You/They→were）。
不规则动词混淆：避免将不规则动词按规则变化（如 drink→drinked # drink→drank）。
助动词多余：否定句和疑问句中已有 did，动词需用原形（如 He didn’t went # He didn’t
go）。
过关检测
（一）单项选择
1.—______ was your weekend
—It was great!
A.What B.How C.Where D.When
2.They ______ to the zoo by bus yesterday.
A.go B.goes C.went D.going
3.—Did you ______ any photos in the park
—Yes,I did.
A.take B.takes C.took D.taking
4.She ______ her room just now.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.cleaning
5.We ______ not at home last night.We were at the cinema.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
6.He ______ a letter to his friend last month.
A.write B.writes C.wrote D.writing
7.—______ she ______ to school by bike yesterday
—No,she took the bus.
A.Does;go B.Did;go C.Did;goes D.Do;go
8.They ______ a wonderful time at the party last night.
A.have B.has C.had D.having
9.—Where ______ you born
—I was born in Shanghai.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
10.He ______ his bike and hurt his leg yesterday.
A.fall B.falls C.fell D.falling
（二）句型转换
1.He played basketball yesterday.（改为否定句）
→He ______ ______ basketball yesterday.
2.They were late for the meeting.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ ______ late for the meeting
3.She visited her grandparents last week.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ she ______ last week
4.I was born in 2010.（改为否定句）
→I ______ ______ born in 2010.
5.Did they go to the beach （作肯定回答）
→Yes,______ ______.
6.He did his homework at home.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ he ______ his homework at home
7.The weather was sunny yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ the weather yesterday
8.They bought some books last weekend.（改为否定句）
→They ______ ______ any books last weekend.
9.Was she happy at the party （作否定回答）
→No,______ ______.
10.He went to bed at 10:00 p.m.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ ______ he ______ to bed
（三）改错题
1.Tom didn’t went to school yesterday.（改：______）
2.She eated an apple for breakfast.（改：______）
3.Were you see the movie last night （改：______）
4.We stoped at a small town on the way.（改：______）
5.He wasn’t do his homework yesterday.（改：______）
（四）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Last Saturday,I ____1____ up early and went to the park with my friends.The weather ____2____
sunny and warm.We ____3____ games and flew kites there.At noon,we ____4____ a picnic near the
lake.We ____5____ sandwiches,fruit,and juice.In the afternoon,we ____6____ to the museum.We saw
many interesting things there.It was a great day!
1.A.get B.gets C.got D.getting
2.A.is B.was C.are D.were
3.A.play B.plays C.played D.playing
4.A.have B.has C.had D.having
5.A.eat B.eats C.ate D.eating
6.A.go B.goes C.gone D.went
（五）阅读理解
Passage 1
阅读短文，选择最佳答案：
Hello,I’m Lily.Yesterday was my birthday.I got up early and found a big gift box on my desk.It
was from my parents.Inside the box was a new bike!After breakfast,my friends came to my house.We
sang songs,played games,and ate a delicious cake.In the afternoon,we rode bikes in the park.I had a
wonderful birthday!
1.When was Lily’s birthday
A.Today. B.Last week. C.Yesterday. D.Tomorrow.
2.What did Lily find on her desk
A.A book. B.A bike. C.A gift box. D.A cake.
3.What did they do in the afternoon
A.Sang songs. B.Played games. C.Ate cake. D.Rode bikes.
Passage 2
阅读短文，回答问题：
Hi,I’m Mike.Last Sunday,my family went to the beach.My parents sat on the sand and watched us
play.My sister and I swam in the sea and built sandcastles.We also took many photos.When we got
home,we were tired but happy.My mother cooked a big dinner for us.It was a great weekend!
1.Where did Mike’s family go last Sunday
________________________
2.What did Mike and his sister do at the beach
________________________
3.How did they feel when they got home
________________________一般过去时（解析版）
【暑假自学课】2025 年新八年级人教版（2024）英语
01 一般过去时
语法解析
1.核心结构与用法
句型 结构公式 例句 标志词
肯定 主语 + 动词过去式 She played the piano yesterday（昨天） last week/month
yesterday. They were late
句 （上周/月） ago（以前） in 2023
for school.
（在 2023 年） just now（刚才）
否定 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 He didn’t watch TV last
night. We weren’t at 句
home yesterday.
一般 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ Did you go to the park
Was she happy
疑问 Were/Was + 主语 + 表
yesterday
句 语？
特殊 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动 What did they do last
weekend Where was he
疑问 词原形？ 疑问词 +
born
句 were/was + 主语？
2.规则动词过去式变化规则
结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
一般情况 加-ed play→played work→ 不可漏加-ed（如 look→look 错
结尾字母 变化规则 例词 易错错误
worked 误）
以不发音 e 结尾 加-d dance→danced live→ 去 e 加-d（如 hope→hoped）
lived
辅音+y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加- study→studied carry→ 元音+y 直接加-ed（如 enjoy→
ed carried enjoyed）
重读闭音节且末尾只 双写辅音字 stop→stopped shop→ 非重读闭音节不双写（如 visit
有一个辅音字母 母加-ed shopped →visited）
不规则动词 特殊变化 go→went eat→ate be→ 不可按规则变化（如 think→
was/were thinked 错误）
【典例分析】
考点 1：一般过去时结构辨析（基础）
1.—______ you ______ to the museum yesterday
—Yes,I did.
A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Did;went D.Do;went
【答案】B
【解析】根据标志词 yesterday 用一般过去时，一般疑问句需用助动词 Did，后接动词原形 go，
故选 B。
2.She ______ not ______ her homework last night.
A.did;do B.did;did C.does;do D.does;did
【答案】A
【解析】否定句结构为 didn’t + 动词原形，last night 表过去，主语第三人称单数仍用 didn’t，
故选 A。
3.—Where ______ he ______ from
—He was from China.
A.is;come B.does;come C.did;come D.was;come
【答案】C
【解析】询问过去的来源，实义动词 come 需用助动词 Did，构成 Did + 主语 + come from，故选
C。
考点 2：动词过去式变化规则（进阶）
1.They ______ to the park and ______ a picnic last Sunday.
A.go;have B.went;had C.go;had D.went;have
【答案】B
【解析】last Sunday 表过去，go 的过去式为 went，have 的过去式为 had，并列结构需保持时态
一致，故选 B。
2.The boy ______ his homework carefully yesterday.
A.study B.studies C.studied D.studyed
【答案】C
【解析】study 以辅音+y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加-ed，正确过去式为 studied，而非 studyed，故选 C。
3.We ______ at the hotel last night because it rained heavily.
A.stoped B.stopped C.stop D.stopping
【答案】B
【解析】stop 为重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母 p，需双写 p 加-ed，正确形式为 stopped，
故选 B。
学习总结
核心语法点速记
1.结构公式：
肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式（规则动词加-ed/不规则动词特殊形式）。
否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形（无论主语人称，动词均用原形）。
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？（be 动词过去式 was/were 直接提前）。
2.动词过去式规则：
规则动词：一般加-ed，e 结尾加-d，辅音+y 变 i+ed，重读闭音节双写加-ed。
不规则动词：需单独记忆（如 do→did，see→saw，am/is→was，are→were）。
标志词：yesterday, last week, ...ago, in 2022 等表示过去的时间短语。
易错点警示
be 动词误用：注意主语与 be 动词过去式的搭配（I/He/She/It→was，We/You/They→were）。
不规则动词混淆：避免将不规则动词按规则变化（如 drink→drinked # drink→drank）。
助动词多余：否定句和疑问句中已有 did，动词需用原形（如 He didn’t went # He didn’t
go）。
过关检测
（一）单项选择
1.—______ was your weekend
—It was great!
A.What B.How C.Where D.When
【答案】B
【解析】对周末的感受提问用 How，构成 How was + 主语，故选 B。
2.They ______ to the zoo by bus yesterday.
A.go B.goes C.went D.going
【答案】C
【解析】yesterday 为过去时间，go 的过去式为 went，故选 C。
3.—Did you ______ any photos in the park
—Yes,I did.
A.take B.takes C.took D.taking
【答案】A
【解析】一般疑问句中助动词 Did 后接动词原形 take，故选 A。
4.She ______ her room just now.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.cleaning
【答案】C
【解析】just now 表过去，clean 为规则动词，直接加-ed，故选 C。
5.We ______ not at home last night.We were at the cinema.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案】B
【解析】主语 We 对应 be 动词过去式 were，否定式为 weren’t，故选 B。
6.He ______ a letter to his friend last month.
A.write B.writes C.wrote D.writing
【答案】C
【解析】last month 表过去，write 的过去式为不规则变化 wrote，故选 C。
7.—______ she ______ to school by bike yesterday
—No,she took the bus.
A.Does;go B.Did;go C.Did;goes D.Do;go
【答案】B
【解析】yesterday 表过去，一般疑问句用 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 go，故选 B。
8.They ______ a wonderful time at the party last night.
A.have B.has C.had D.having
【答案】C
【解析】last night 表过去，have 的过去式为 had，故选 C。
9.—Where ______ you born
—I was born in Shanghai.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
【答案】B
【解析】出生是过去的动作，主语 you 对应 be 动词过去式 were，故选 B。
10.He ______ his bike and hurt his leg yesterday.
A.fall B.falls C.fell D.falling
【答案】C
【解析】yesterday 表过去，fall 的过去式为不规则变化 fell，故选 C。
（二）句型转换
1.He played basketball yesterday.（改为否定句）
→He ______ ______ basketball yesterday.
【答案】didn’t play
【解析】在实义动词 played 前加 didn’t，动词还原为原形 play。
2.They were late for the meeting.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ ______ late for the meeting
【答案】Were they
【解析】将 be 动词 were 提前至句首，首字母大写，构成一般疑问句。
3.She visited her grandparents last week.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ she ______ last week
【答案】What did;do
【解析】对动作 visited 提问用 What did，后接动词原形 do。
4.I was born in 2010.（改为否定句）
→I ______ ______ born in 2010.
【答案】was not
【解析】在 was 后加 not，可缩写为 wasn’t，否定 be 动词短语。
5.Did they go to the beach （作肯定回答）
→Yes,______ ______.
【答案】they did
【解析】肯定回答用 Yes + 主语 + did，主语 they 与问句一致。
6.He did his homework at home.（改为一般疑问句）
→______ he ______ his homework at home
【答案】Did;do
【解析】将助动词 Did 提前，动词还原为原形 do。
7.The weather was sunny yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ the weather yesterday
【答案】How was
【解析】对天气状况提问用 How was，构成 How was + 主语。
8.They bought some books last weekend.（改为否定句）
→They ______ ______ any books last weekend.
【答案】didn’t buy
【解析】在 bought 前加 didn’t，动词还原为原形 buy，some 改为 any。
9.Was she happy at the party （作否定回答）
→No,______ ______.
【答案】she wasn’t
【解析】否定回答用 No + 主语 + wasn’t，主语 she 与问句一致。
10.He went to bed at 10:00 p.m.（对划线部分提问）
→______ ______ ______ he ______ to bed
【答案】What time did;go
【解析】对具体时间提问用 What time did，后接动词原形 go。
（三）改错题
1.Tom didn’t went to school yesterday.（改：______）
【答案】go
【解析】didn’t 后需接动词原形 go，过去式 went 应改为原形。
2.She eated an apple for breakfast.（改：______）
【答案】ate
【解析】eat 的过去式为不规则变化 ate，非规则变化 eated 错误。
3.Were you see the movie last night （改：______）
【答案】Did
【解析】实义动词 see 的过去式疑问句需用助动词 Did，而非 Be 动词 Were。
4.We stoped at a small town on the way.（改：______）
【答案】stopped
【解析】stop 为重读闭音节，应双写 p 加-ed，stoped 拼写错误。
5.He wasn’t do his homework yesterday.（改：______）
【答案】didn’t
【解析】否定实义动词 do 需用 didn’t + 原形，wasn’t 后不能接动词原形。
（四）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Last Saturday,I ____1____ up early and went to the park with my friends.The weather ____2____
sunny and warm.We ____3____ games and flew kites there.At noon,we ____4____ a picnic near the
lake.We ____5____ sandwiches,fruit,and juice.In the afternoon,we ____6____ to the museum.We saw
many interesting things there.It was a great day!
1.A.get B.gets C.got D.getting
【答案】C
【解析】Last Saturday 表过去，get 的过去式为 got，故选 C。
2.A.is B.was C.are D.were
【答案】B
【解析】weather 为不可数名词，对应 be 动词过去式 was，故选 B。
3.A.play B.plays C.played D.playing
【答案】C
【解析】and 连接并列过去式，play 的过去式为 played，故选 C。
4.A.have B.has C.had D.having
【答案】C
【解析】have 的过去式为 had，构成 had a picnic，故选 C。
5.A.eat B.eats C.ate D.eating
【答案】C
【解析】eat 的过去式为 ate，与上下文时态一致，故选 C。
6.A.go B.goes C.gone D.went
【答案】D
【解析】go 的过去式为 went，构成 went to the museum，故选 D。
（五）阅读理解
Passage 1
阅读短文，选择最佳答案：
Hello,I’m Lily.Yesterday was my birthday.I got up early and found a big gift box on my desk.It
was from my parents.Inside the box was a new bike!After breakfast,my friends came to my house.We
sang songs,played games,and ate a delicious cake.In the afternoon,we rode bikes in the park.I had a
wonderful birthday!
1.When was Lily’s birthday
A.Today. B.Last week. C.Yesterday. D.Tomorrow.
【答案】C
【解析】根据“Yesterday was my birthday.”直接得出答案为 C。
2.What did Lily find on her desk
A.A book. B.A bike. C.A gift box. D.A cake.
【答案】C
【解析】由“found a big gift box on my desk”可知，Lily 在桌上发现的是礼物盒，故选 C。
3.What did they do in the afternoon
A.Sang songs. B.Played games. C.Ate cake. D.Rode bikes.
【答案】D
【解析】根据“we rode bikes in the park”可知，下午他们去骑自行车，故选 D。
Passage 2
阅读短文，回答问题：
Hi,I’m Mike.Last Sunday,my family went to the beach.My parents sat on the sand and watched us
play.My sister and I swam in the sea and built sandcastles.We also took many photos.When we got
home,we were tired but happy.My mother cooked a big dinner for us.It was a great weekend!
1.Where did Mike’s family go last Sunday
________________________
【答案】To the beach.
【解析】根据“my family went to the beach”直接提取答案。
2.What did Mike and his sister do at the beach
________________________
【答案】Swam in the sea and built sandcastles.
【解析】由“swam in the sea and built sandcastles”可知，他们在海里游泳并堆沙堡。
3.How did they feel when they got home
________________________
【答案】Tired but happy.
【解析】根据“we were tired but happy”直接回答。
