48个音标发音规则
音标 字母或组合 例 词 说 明
/i:/ e, ee, ea, ie, ei, i, ey, eo be, sleep, meat, field, receive, seize, police, key, people 重读音节
/ / i, e, y, a, ey, ay, u, ui, o, ee, ai, ei big, before, easy, gym, village, honey, monkey, Monday, busy, gui’tar, ‘biscuit, women, coffee, ‘forfeit, captain, mountain 重读音节，多数为非重音节
/ɑ / a, ar, al, au, ear, er fast, after, plant, father, park, half, calm, aunt, heart, clerk a在f, n, sk, ph, sp, ss, st, th前面发/ɑ /, al在f, m前/ɑ /
/ / a, ai, al bag, hand, plait, plaid, shall
/u:/ o, oo, ui, u, ue, oe, ou, ew do, lose, move, too, food, fruit, suit, ruler, blue, shoe, soup, rou’tine, chew, blew ou+p重读闭音节发/u:/
/ / o, oo, u, oul wolf, woman, book, good, foot, put, push, pull, would u在l, sh, t前发/ /, oo在复合，k，d前读短/ /,但food读长。
/ :/ or, oor, al, au, aw, ough, oar, our, ore, a, ar nor, corn, floor, walk, autumn, fault, draw, saw, thought, board, four, before, store, water, also, salt, war, warn, quarter 例外:shall发/ / ar在/w/后发/ :/ al+辅音发/ :/
/ / o, a, ou, au hot, want, what, quality, cough, Aus’tralian, be’cause a在/w/音后面发/ /,特例swam swan wax 发/ /
/ / u, o, oo, ou but, come, love, blood, flood, enough, young, trouble, couple o在m, n, v, th前发/ / ou在词中以-le结尾
/ :/ er, ur, ir, or, ear, our, ere serve, nurse, girl, worse, worth, early, learn, heard, journey, were 重读音节,or在/w/音后面/ :/
/ / a, e, u, i, o, or, er, ar, ou, our, re, ure, ei China, open, suppose, family, today, actor, teacher, famous, delicious, dollar, colour, favour, metre, centre, picture foreign 非重读音节
/e/ e, ea, a, ai, ay, ue, ie hen, head, any, many, said, says, guest, guess, friend 重读音节
/e / a, ai, ay, ey, ea, ei, eigh lake, rain, main, day, hey, they, great, break, veil, weigh, eight, neighbor
/a / i, y, ye, ie, uy, ei, igh, eye, eigh hi, while, why, sky, dye, pie, die, lie, buy, guy, either, neither, high, fight, eye, eyelet, height
/ / o, oa, ow, ou, oe, ew no, home, boat, road, show, know, window, soul, shoulder, toe, sew
/a / ow, ou cow, shower, now, house, mouth, cloud, without, our, (hour, flour, sour /a /)
/ / oor, our, ure, u poor, tour, detour, sure, during, January
/e / a, air, ear, ere, are, eir area, parent, pair, chair, pear, bear, there, where, care, square, their
/ / e, ear, eer, ere, ea, ier, eo zero, hear, dear, deer, cheer, engineer, here, merely, idea, real, theatre, area, frontier, barrier, premier, theory, 例外: cre’ate /i:e / ‘video / /
/ / oi, oy oil, join, voice, boy, toy, enjoy
/p/ p, pp, pe pen, map, apple, tape
/b/ b, bb, be bed, fib, rabbit, tube
/k/ k, c, ck, ch, che, qu, ke kick, milk, cake, clock, school, Christmas, ache, quickly, like
/ɡ/ g, gg, gh, gu, gue game, big, egg, suggest, ghost, ghetto, figure, guard, guess, league, dialogue, argue,
/t/ t, tt, te, ed, th bit, ton, bottle, bite, stopped, Thai, Thailand
/d/ d, dd, de, ed desk, read, add, middle, ride, enjoyed, joined
/f/ f, ff, ph, gh, fe leaf, office, phone, graph, rough, life, wife
/v/ v, ve voice, violin, five, move
/s/ s, c, ss, ce, sc, se bus, side, city, class, nice, science, scythe, else
/z/ z, zz, s, se, ze, es zoo, puzzle, jazz, is, lose, prize, bags, potatoes, says, goes, tells, drives s, es在元音或浊辅音后发/z/
/ / s, sh, ch, ci, si, ti sugar, sure, ship, fish, chef, machine, musician, Asian, patience, discussion, nation, education
/ / s, ge, si, z usual, pleasure, garage, genre, rouge, decision，revision，television, azure, seizure
/θ/ th teeth, thief, method, think, thankful, thirsty, three, thousand, worth, breath 例外: eighth /tθ/ 名动形数是实词，词首词尾多读[θ]。
/ / th this, there, though, with, the, father, brother, worthy, breathe, whether 例外: method, author, healthy 代副连介定读[ ]，在词中也读[ ],构成的合成词不变音
/t / ch, tch, t, ti change, teach, match, watch, nature, question
/d / g, j, gg, ge, dge giant, gym, joke, suggest, large, fridge
/tr/ tr tree, train, country, truck
/dr/ dr children, driver, drink, dragon
/ts/ ts, tes, zz pots, classmates, Kate’s, parents’, starts, hates, pizza 名词复数或所有格和动词三单
/dz/ ds, des hands, grades, husband’s, guides’ sends, rides 名词复数或所有格和动词三单
/m/ m, mb, mm, mn, me mine, bim, tomb, climb, swimming, summer, autumn, name
/n/ n, kn, nn, ne bin, nip, knee, knock, tennis, sunny, nine
/ / n, ng think, uncle, sing, thing, English, language, hungry n在/k/前发/ /, -ng结尾发/ /, 词中发/ ɡ/
/h/ h, wh high, he, whole, who
/r/ r, rr, wr, rh red, sorry, wrist, rhea
/w/ w, wh, u wise, white, sweet, quick, queen, (one /w /)
/j/ y, i, ew yet, young, onion, (few, new, hew, nephew /ju:/)
