沪教版(五四学制)八年级上册第二次月考综合词汇短语专项训练
（范围：Unit3+Unit4）
一、词汇辨析
从括号内选择正确的单词填空，每空一词。
Scientists have made many important ______ in the field of medicine. (discovery, discoveries)
My grandfather ______ goes out in the evening because of his poor health. (seldom, always)
We need to ______ the data carefully before coming to a conclusion. (analyze, advice)
There are many tall and ______ buildings in the center of the city. (modern, model)
The old photo brought back a lot of sweet ______ of my childhood. (memory, memories)
It is ______ that he finished such a difficult task in only two days. (surprising, surprised)
You can ______ stay at home or go hiking with us this weekend. (either, neither)
The ______ of the wheel changed the way people traveled and did business. (invention, invitation)
Great ______ has been made in the development of transportation in recent years. (progress, process)
The little boy is ______ about everything around him and asks many questions. (curious, careful)
This book belongs to my teacher, not ______. (me, mine)
______ people lived a hard life in the early 20th century. (Ordinary, Common)
The heavy rain last night ______ our plan for a picnic today. (ruined, rainy)
They are going to ______ an experiment to test their hypothesis tomorrow. (carry, carry out)
I can't ______ what life will be like without electricity. (imagine, image)
The new ______ connects the two cities and makes travel faster. (highway, way)
The ______ reaction between these two chemicals is dangerous. (chemical, chemistry)
Everyone in the class passed the exam ______ Tom, who was ill. (except, expect)
The ______ of gravity was put forward by Newton. (theory, truth)
We should ______ all the details when doing scientific research. (observe, watch)
二、用括号里单词的正确形式完成句子.
Preschoolers are full of ______ about the world. (curious)
Many experiments ______ in this laboratory every year. (carry out)
My father ______ a lot of old records when he cleaned the attic yesterday. (find)
The more you read, the more ______ you will get. (know)
It is ______ to play computer games for too long. (harm)
The story he told us was so ______ that many people cried. (touch)
The Romans ______ new road building techniques thousands of years ago. (invent)
Our company pays attention to ______ improvement in product quality. (continue)
She ______ everything that happens in her daily life in a notebook. (record)
The ______ noise from the street kept me awake all night. (annoy)
We ______ an experiment in the lab at this time last week. (conduct)
This old tape player ______ to my grandmother when she was young. (belong)
With the development of ______, people's lives are becoming easier. (industry)
I ______ never seen such a wonderful scientific show before. (have)
The little girl's ______ ability to sing surprised everyone. (inborn)
Nowadays, more and more people use smartphones for ______ with others. (communicate)
It ______ like only yesterday that we started our middle school life. (seem)
The ______ of the experiment must be written down in time. (result)
He is not familiar with this area because he ______ here for only a week. (be)
The brain is the most important part of the human ______. (body)
三、用括号里中文提示填上合适的单词.
The students are learning about the scientific ______ (方法) in their biology class.
We need to take ______ (测量) before we start building the house.
There is a ______ (显微镜) in our school lab, which can help us see small things.
My uncle drives a ______ (卡车) to deliver goods between cities.
The river is about 50 meters ______ (宽的) at this point.
She kept a ______ (日记) to record her feelings when she traveled alone.
The ______ (望远镜) allows us to see the stars more clearly at night.
His poor ______ (视力) makes it difficult for him to read small words.
They found a ______ (卷) of film in the old camera.
The ______ (实验室) in our school is equipped with advanced equipment.
There was a ______ (突破) in the treatment of this disease last year.
The ______ (商业) center of the city is always crowded on weekends.
We need enough ______ (证据) to prove our theory is correct.
The ______ (摩擦) between the two surfaces causes heat.
She spent three years doing ______ (研究) on environmental protection.
The ______ (结论) of the report is that we need to take action immediately.
He had a pleasant ______ (停留) in the small town last summer.
The ______ (发明) of electricity changed the world greatly.
The ______ (重力) makes things fall to the ground when we drop them.
The ______ (19世纪) saw many great scientific inventions.
四、重要短语汉译英.
对……好奇 ____________
进行实验 ____________
做出发现 ____________
得出结论 ____________
检验假设 ____________
科学方法 ____________
记录数据 ____________
在……领域 ____________
在……方面的突破 ____________
应用于 ____________
基于 ____________
导致 ____________
弄明白 ____________
过去常常做某事 ____________
把……与……作比较 ____________
使……变得…… ____________
看起来好像…… ____________
属于某人 ____________
除……之外 ____________
再也（不） ____________
画图表 ____________
天生的能力 ____________
对……不熟悉 ____________
持续改进 ____________
要么……要么…… ____________
破灭某人的希望 ____________
永无止境的 ____________
毫无疑问 ____________
工业革命 ____________
脑力劳动 ____________
五、汉译英,根据中文提示补全句子，一空一词。
正是好奇心推动了科学发现。
It is curiosity ______ ______ scientific discoveries.
过去，这里的交通既缓慢又困难。
Transport ______ ______ be very slow and difficult here.
实验结果如此令人惊讶，我们不得不重新做一次。
The results were ______ surprising ______ we had to repeat the experiment.
科学家们不仅观察现象，还仔细分析它们。
Scientists ______ ______ observe phenomena ______ ______ analyze them carefully.
你做的实验越多，获得的知识就越多。
______ ______ experiments you do, ______ ______ knowledge you will gain.
这个实验室每天都进行很多实验。
Many experiments ______ ______ ______ in this lab every day.
我昨天在阁楼里发现了一台旧唱片机。
I ______ an old ______ ______ in the attic yesterday.
如今，人们非常依赖智能手机。
______, people rely a lot ______ smartphones.
我不知道如何分析这些数据。
I don't know ______ ______ ______ this data.
车轮的发明增加了国内和国际贸易。
The invention of the wheel ______ national and international ______.
高山和宽阔的河流使得这座城市很难到达。
High mountains and wide rivers ______ the city ______ ______ get to.
他不喜欢咖啡，我也不喜欢。
He doesn't like coffee, and I don't like it ______.
动动脑筋，你会找到解决问题的方法。
Use your ______, and you'll find a way to ______ ______ the problem.
这台旧磁带播放机再也不能用了。
This old tape player doesn't ______ ______ ______.
万有引力定律是牛顿发现的。
The theory of gravity ______ ______ by Newton.
你无法想象过去的生活有多么不同。
You can't ______ ______ different life was in the past.
做一项发现需要耐心和仔细的观察。
______ ______ a discovery requires patience and careful ______.
电话簿里有个人和公司的姓名和电话号码。
The phone book had names and phone numbers of people and ______.
罗马人发明了新的筑路技术，其中一些至今仍在使用。
The Romans invented new road-building techniques, some of ______ we still use today.
最 important的事情是准确地记录数据。
The most important thing is ______ ______ the data accurately.
他对这个新软件不熟悉。
He is ______ ______ the new software.
大雨毁了我们的野餐计划。
The heavy rain ______ our plan for the ______.
交通领域取得了巨大的进步。
Great ______ has been made in the ______ of transportation.
我周末经常去看望我的祖父母。
I often visit my ______ on ______.
他们把轮子装在马车上，以便运输货物。
They ______ wheels ______ horse-pulled vehicles to transport goods.
这是我见过的最差的生活条件。
This is the ______ living ______ I've ever seen.
工作似乎永无止境。
There seems to be a ______ ______ stream of work.
我们应该基于事实做出判断。
We should make judgments ______ ______ facts.
这个感人的故事让很多人深受感动。
The ______ story made many people feel ______.
除了哈利，家里每个人都看了这部电影。
Everyone in the family watched the movie ______ Harry.
参考答案
一、词汇辨析.
discoveries 2. seldom 3. analyze 4. modern 5. memories 6. surprising 7. either 8. invention 9. progress 10. curious 11. me 12. Ordinary 13. ruined 14. carry 15. imagine
16. highway 17. chemical 18. except 19. theory 20. observe
二、用括号里单词的正确形式完成句子
curiosity 2. are carried out 3. found 4. knowledge 5. harmful 6. touching 7. invented 8. continuous 9. records 10. annoying 11. were conducting 12. belonged 13. industry 14. have 15. inborn munication 17. seems 18. results 19. has been 20. body
三、用括号里中文提示及句意填上合适的单词.
method 2. measurements 3. microscope 4. truck 5. wide 6. diary 7. telescope 8. eyesight 9. roll 10. laboratory 11. breakthrough 12. business 13. evidence 14. friction 15. research
16. conclusion 17. stay 18. invention 19. gravity 20. 19th century
四、重要短语汉译英.
be curious about 2. carry out an experiment 3. make a discovery 4. come to a conclusion 5. test a hypothesis 6. scientific method 7. record data 8. in the field of 9. breakthrough in 10. apply to 11. based on 12. lead to 13. figure out 14. used to do sth. pare...with... 16. make...+adj./n. 17. It seems like... 18. belong to sb. 19. except for 20. any more 21. draw a diagram 22. inborn ability 23. be unfamiliar with 24. continuous improvement 25. either...or... 26. ruin one's hope 27. never-ending 28. without doubt 29. industrial revolution 30. brain work
五、汉译英
that drives 2. used to 3. so; that 4. not only; but also 5. The more; the more
are carried out 7. found; record player 8. Nowadays; on 9. how to analyze
10. increased; trade 11. made; difficult to 12. either 13. brain; figure out 14. work any more 15. was discovered 16. imagine how 17. To make; observation 18. businesses
19. which 20. to record 21. unfamiliar with 22. ruined; picnic 23. progress; field
24. grandparents; weekends 25.attached; to 26. worst; condition 27. never-ending 28. based on 29. touching; touched 30. except
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