2026人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Part 2 Learning About Language & Using Language
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.In this lecture, I can only give you a (pure) personal view on how we can make the best use of time.
2.According to (statistic), it's estimated that the number of students reading Chinese classics is on the rise.
3.(2023新课标Ⅱ)Though some are (initial) scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
4.Some people blame the smart phone their absence of mind. Yet in fact, people's weakening self-control should be responsible.
5.The (find) of the market survey reveals that product packaging has a great influence on consumers' purchasing decisions.
6.(2025江苏苏州期中)On August 26th Pinduoduo's share price decreased nearly 30% after it reported sales for the quarter from April to June fell short of the market's high expectations.
Ⅱ.单元语法专练
题型(一)
1.The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal.
2.The old building, behind which was a famous university, was I used to work.
3.The question, however, is this is what the developing countries need the most.
4.This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
5.What some students are not aware of is difficult life can be if they are not devoted to study.
6.He doesn't like the food that the school serves. This is he often brings a packed lunch from home.
7.(2025广东江门月考)What impressed me most was those disabled athletes tried their best to compete in the games.
8.(2020新高考Ⅰ)The number of snakes had declined. He realized that it was there weren't enough trees to protect them from the heat.
题型(二)
1.如果把筷子的一部分放在水里,它们看起来就像断了一样。(as if;虚拟语气)
If the chopsticks are partly placed in the water, it looks .
2.我的建议是,如果你想上理想的大学,你应该从现在开始努力学习。
My advice from now on if you want to go to your ideal university.
3.学生们之间的争论是在线学习是否和学校里的传统课堂学习一样有效。
The debate among students is traditional classroom learning in school.
4.那就是为什么我总是珍惜每一个勇敢面对挑战的机会,就像那些残疾人运动员面对困难从不放弃一样。
to face challenges bravely, just like those disabled athletes who never give up in the face of difficulties.(读后续写—主旨升华)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025吉黑十校期中联考)
The Earth has just been sent a message from space. Now people around the world are trying to figure out what the message says. But the message wasn't from aliens—brilliant creatures from other parts of the universe. Instead, it's part of a project designed to see how humans might react if we did get a message from aliens.
The idea that there might be aliens is popular in books and movies. But so far, there's been no known sign that they exist. Still, many scientists believe the universe is large enough that it's likely that other brilliant creatures could exist somewhere.
A number of scientists are trying to trace vestiges of such creatures. The most well-known group is called SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence). One of the big questions about such creatures is, if they existed, would we be able to communicate with them Daniela de Paulis is an artist who's working with scientists at SETI. She wondered what would happen if the Earth actually received a message from space. How would people react Would people be able to work together to figure out what the message said
Daniela de Paulis came up with a project designed to test how humans reacted to getting such a message. She calls the project A Sign in Space. She worked with a group of scientists at SETI to come up with a secret message. Last Wednesday, the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter spacecraft sent the coded message back to Earth from Mars. The signal was picked up by several radio telescopes around the world.
The data (the information from the message) has now been put on the Internet. Anyone can download it and try to figure out what it means. A special website has been set up for people to report their ideas of the message, and discuss any progress they make in trying to translate it.
1.What is the purpose of designing a message from space
A.To know how people respond.
B.To let us know aliens' lifestyle.
C.To tell us we haven't found aliens.
D.To deny the existence of aliens.
2.What does the author imply about the presence of aliens
A.It makes people worried.
B.It needs further evidence.
C.It is an incorrect imagination.
D.It brings confusions to space study.
3.What does the underlined word “vestiges” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Signs. B.Groups. C.Homes. D.Records.
4.What can be inferred about the message from Mars from the last paragraph
A.SETI keeps it a big secret.
B.Scientists have translated it.
C.Everyone has access to it.
D.It is only studied by scientists.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024陕西榆林月考)
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge of one or more sciences, especially natural sciences. 1 Let's look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work. 2
Patience
Becoming a scientist takes a long time. 3 Even if you think you have received some education in science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you're an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical(道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people's life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. 4 Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.
Working habits
5 He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A.To make discoveries, you have to think differently.
B.There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.
C.It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D.One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
E.An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind.
F.A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion.
G.Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2025广西南宁月考)
In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope.
While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess 1 that contrary(相反的) to the existing theory that the universe's expansion was slowing down, it was actually 2 . Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) 3 since it didn't match the existing model. But with 4 analyses and observations, once and for all he realized that the data was right and that the model had to be 5 . It's now a generally 6 fact that the universe's expansion is speeding up, mainly thanks to a force called “dark energy”.
When I met with Riess,we talked about his 7 . I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question 8 him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn't matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn't 9 the experiment, it's wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong 10 in the scientific method—you do an experiment to 11 a hypothesis(假设) and if the data doesn't fit and you can 12 the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and 13 of explaining the natural world.”
I think we need to 14 the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the 15 .
1.A.observed B.told
C.expected D.imagined
2.A.cracking B.missing
C.weakening D.quickening
3.A.excuse B.mistake
C.challenge D.difficulty
4.A.suspected B.limited
C.repeated D.selected
5.A.copied B.destroyed
C.protected D.corrected
6.A.shocking B.accepted
C.neglected D.promising
7.A.contribution B.concern
C.discovery D.curiosity
8.A.reminded B.warned
C.informed D.convinced
9.A.end up with B.combine with
C.give way to D.agree with
10.A.emotion B.dream
C.belief D.suggestion
11.A.create B.test
C.change D.finish
12.A.prove B.share
C.collect D.improve
13.A.worthy B.sensible
C.independent D.capable
14.A.cover B.replace
C.value D.discuss
15.A.law B.truth
C.standard D.balance
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.purely 考查副词。设空处修饰其后的形容词personal,应用副词。故填purely。
2.statistics 考查名词复数。设空处作介词短语According to的宾语,应用名词;此处表示“统计资料”,常用复数形式。故填statistics。
3.initially 考查副词。句意:虽然有些人最初害怕昆虫,对泥土感到厌烦,但大多数人都渴望尝试新事物。设空处作状语修饰系表结构,应用副词。故填initially。
4.for 考查介词。blame sth. for sth.意为“把某事归咎于某物”,此处指有些人把心不在焉归咎于智能手机。故填for。
5.finding 考查名词。句意:市场调查的结果显示,产品包装对消费者的购买决策有很大影响。根据空前的The和空后的of可知,设空处应用名词形式;由reveals可知,应用单数名词。故填finding。
6.by 考查介词。句意:8月26日,在拼多多公布4月至6月的季度销售额未达到市场的高预期后,其股价下跌了近30%。根据语境可知,此处表示“下跌了近30%”,decrease by意为“下降了……”,符合语境。故填by。
Ⅱ.题型(一)
1.when 分析句子可知,“ he scored the winning goal”是表语从句,根据语境可知设空处表示“当……的时候”,故应用when引导表语从句。
2.where 分析句子可知,“ I used to work”是表语从句,根据语境可知设空处表示“在……的地方”,故应用where引导表语从句。
3.whether 空前是系动词is,所以设空处引导表语从句,且从句“this is what the developing countries need the most”不缺成分,但根据“The question”可知,设空处表示“是否”,故应用whether引导表语从句。
4.what 分析句子可知,“ my father has taught me”是表语从句,设空处在从句中作taught的直接宾语,表示“……的事物”,故应用what引导表语从句。
5.how 分析句子可知,“ difficult life can be”是表语从句,根据语境和空后的形容词difficult可知,设空处修饰该词,表示“多么”,故应用how引导表语从句。
6.why 分析句子可知,“ he often brings a packed lunch from home”是表语从句,根据语境可知设空处表示“……的原因”,故应用why引导表语从句。
7.that 空前是系动词was,所以设空处引导表语从句,且从句“those disabled athletes tried their best to compete in the games”意思完整,不缺成分,故应用that引导表语从句。
8.because 分析句子可知,“ there weren't enough trees to protect them from the heat”是表语从句,根据语境可知设空处表示“因为”,故应用because引导表语从句。
题型(二)
1.as if they were broken 2.is that you should study hard
3.whether online learning is as effective as 4.That's why I always cherish/value every opportunity
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个模拟接收到来自太空的消息的项目,目的是测试人们对此的反应。
【高频词汇】 1.figure out弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
2.intelligence n.智能 3.come up with提出,想出
4.react to对……作出反应 5.download vt.下载
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“But the message wasn't from aliens...it's part of a project designed to see how humans might react if we did get a message from aliens.”可知,设计来自太空的消息的目的是了解人们的反应。故选A。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But so far, there's been no known sign that they exist.”可推断,到目前为止还没有已知的外星人存在的迹象,所以作者暗示外星人的存在需要进一步的证据。故选B。
3.A 词义猜测题。画线词所在句“A number of scientists are trying to trace vestiges of such creatures.”意为“许多科学家正在努力寻找这种生物的……”,显然“such creatures”在上文中有所提及。根据第二段最后两句可知,许多科学家认为宇宙足够大,其他智慧生物很可能存在于某个地方,但还没有已知的迹象表明它们存在。由此可推断,科学家寻找的应是这种生物遗留的痕迹,所以画线词与A项“迹象”的意思相近。故选A。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“The data (the information from the message) has now been put on the Internet. Anyone can download it and try to figure out what it means.”可知,来自火星的信息现在已经放到互联网上了,任何人都可以下载。由此可推断,来自火星的信息是每个人都可以访问的。故选C。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然,凡是成功的科学家都有一些特别的品质。
【高频词汇】 1.characteristic n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的;独特的 2.define vt.给……下定义;界定;解释 3.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的 4.desire n.渴望;欲望 v.渴望;期望 5.affect v.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动 6.belief n.看法;信仰;信心
【差距词汇】 instant-gratification adj.即时满足的
1.C 细节句。空格处上句“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person...sciences.”说明了字典对科学家这一名词的解释。C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人”接着解释这一名词,与上句构成递进关系,符合逻辑,其中“also”是关键信息。故选C。
2.G 细节句。空格处为段尾句。根据本段小标题“Curiosity”和第一句“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things.”可知,该段说明科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心。空格处应该与“好奇心”有关,所以G项“如果一个科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力,那么他就永远无法进入科学过程的第一个阶段”符合语境,其中关键信息是“questions”和“wonder”。故选G。
3.B 细节句。根据本段小标题“Patience”和空格处上句“Becoming a scientist takes a long time.”可知,成为科学家需要很长的时间并且需要一定的耐心。由此推知空格处应该介绍与“耐心”有关的内容。所以B项“很少有工作比这个工作需要更长的时间”符合语境,其中关键信息是“take longer”。故选B。
4.F 细节句。根据本段小标题“Ethical qualities”和空格处下文“Sticking to an old belief in contradiction to proof is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn't be changed without powerful evidence.”可知,科学家要诚实、坚持真理,这是科学家特征的体现。由此推知,空格处应该介绍与科学家的“道德品质”有关的内容。F项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果,而不考虑个人利益或舆论”符合语境,其中关键信息是“honestly”。故选F。
5.E 细节句。根据本段小标题“Working habits”可知,本段主要讲工作习惯。设空处下句“He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what's needed, and he/she also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally.”介绍了科学家良好的工作习惯和工作能力。E项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心”也是工作习惯。故选E。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔物理学奖获得者亚当·里斯用自己的亲身经历告诉我们要重视做科学实验,并相信重复的科学实验是一种发现真理的重要方式。
【高频词汇】 1.distant adj.遥远的;远处的
2.expansion n.膨胀;扩展;扩大 3.analysis n.分析
4.incredibly adv.极其;难以置信地 5.logical adj.符合逻辑的;合乎情理的
1.A 考查动词。根据上文“While looking at light given off from a distant star”可知,里斯在观察一颗遥远的恒星发出的光,所以这个发现是他观察到的结果。observe观察到;tell告诉;expect期待;imagine想象。故选A。
2.D 考查动词。根据上文“contrary to the existing theory that the universe's expansion was slowing down”可知,里斯的理论与“宇宙膨胀放缓”相反,由此推断,他认为宇宙膨胀正在加速。crack破裂;miss错过;weaken削弱;quicken加速。故选D。
3.B 考查名词。根据下文“since it didn't match the existing model”可知,里斯的发现与现有的模型不匹配,所以他最初认为这是一个错误。excuse借口;mistake错误;challenge挑战;difficulty困难。故选B。
4.C 考查形容词。根据下文“once and for all he realized that the data was right”和最后一段中的“repeated scientific experiments”可知,里斯最终意识到数据是正确的,为确认这一结果,他经过了反复的分析和观察。suspected有嫌疑的;limited有限的;repeated重复的;selected精选的。故选C。
5.D 考查动词。根据上文“once and for all he realized that the data was right”并结合上文提到的模型可推断,里斯最终意识到自己的数据是正确的,所以之前的模型是错误的,必须得到纠正。copy复制;destroy毁灭;protect保护;correct改正。故选D。
6.B 考查形容词。根据上文提到的里斯的宇宙膨胀理论并结合空后的“the universe's expansion is speeding up”可推断,新理论“宇宙的膨胀正在加速”是正确的,所以也得到了人们的认可和接受。shocking令人震惊的;accepted公认的;neglected被忽视的;promising有希望的。故选B。
7.C 考查名词。下文作者问里斯是怎么坚持想法的,结合上文提到的里斯的宇宙膨胀理论可推断,这里在谈论他的发现。contribution贡献;concern担心;discovery发现;curiosity好奇。故选C。
8.A 考查动词。下文“It doesn't matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn't 9 the experiment, it's wrong.”是理查德·费曼说过的话,所以此处指作者的问题让他想起了理查德·费曼的话。remind使想起;warn警告;inform通知;convince使相信。故选A。
9.D 考查动词短语。根据空后的“the experiment, it's wrong”并结合常识可知,理论与实验不一致时,理论就是错的,所以此处表示“与实验不一致”。end up with以……结束;combine with与……结合;give way to向……让步;agree with与……一致。故选D。
10.C 考查名词。根据第二段中的“he realized that the data was right and that the model had to be 5 ”并结合下文可推断,此处指如果假设得不到验证,那就必须改变假设,所以这是里斯持有的强烈信念。emotion情感;dream梦想;belief信念;suggestion建议。故选C。
11.B 考查动词。根据此处语境并结合常识可知,科学方法就是提出一个假设,通过做实验去验证。create创造;test检验;change改变;finish完成。故选B。
12.A 考查动词。根据空前的“if the data doesn't fit”并结合上文介绍的对数据的正确判断方法可推断,如果数据不符合假设并且可以证明数据是对的,那么就要改变假设。prove证明;share分享;collect收集;improve改进。故选A。
13.D 考查形容词。根据空后的“of explaining the natural world”并结合常识可推断,科学是能够解释自然世界的。worthy值得的;sensible理智的,合理的;independent独立的;capable有能力的。故选D。
14.C 考查动词。根据下文“believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way”可推断,亚当·里斯相信重复的科学实验是一种极其有力的逻辑方式,所以我们需要重视这种做科学实验的方式。cover覆盖;replace替换;value重视;discuss讨论。故选C。
15.B 考查名词。根据上文提到的这种科学实验方式并结合常识可推断,重复的科学实验是为了发现真理。law法律;truth真理;standard标准;balance平衡。故选B。
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