综合分类训练：阅读理解+阅读七选五+完形填空
一、阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You may probably recognize most of the powerful graduation speakers， who are well-known people in their fields， but I think the schools couldn’t have picked better speakers than them， because the most important inspiration anyone can ever get is someone who lives his living by example.
◎Steve Jobs， Stanford University：
“Remembering you’re going to die， the best way I know is to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. There is no reason not to follow your heart. Your time is limited， so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice...”
◎Oprah Winfrey， Stanford University：
“I consider the world， this Earth， to be like a school… And the secret Ive learned to get ahead is being open to the lessons from the grandest universe of all. Don’t react against a bad situation. And the solution will arise from the challenge. Because surrendering yourself doesn’t mean giving up， it means acting with responsibility.”
◎Bono， University of Pennsylvania：
“For four years you’ve been buying， trading， and selling everything you’ve got in this marketplace of ideas. Your pockets are full， even if your parents are empty， and — and now you’ve got to figure out what to spend it on. …The world is more flexible than you think and its waiting for you to hammer it into shape… ”
◎Michael Dell， University of Texas at Austin：
“Now it’s time for you to move on to what’s next and obtain your desire. But you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. Don’t spend so much time trying to choose the perfect opportunity but you miss the right opportunity. Recognize that there will be failures and obstacles. But you will learn from your mistakes and the mistakes of others.”
1. Who wants to express “Don’t live your life in regret.”？
A. Michael Dell.
B. Bono.
C. Steve Jobs.
D. Oprah Winfrey.
2. Which of the following can best describe what Oprah Winfrey says？
A. To break some of the rules.
B. To overcome the fear of loss.
C. To go all out to achieve our goals.
D. To be brave and keep trying to the end.
3. What Michael Dell said is to urge people to __________.
A. listens to our heart
B. pursue our dreams
C. create our own journey
D. learn from our mistakes
4. What can we be likely to gain from these powerful graduation speeches？
A. Some life lessons.
B. Some personal experiences.
C. Some social skills.
D. Some creative ideas.
B
Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful， there’s a natural impulse to want to capture and preserve it — which means， in this day and age， that were likely to reach for our phones to take a picture.
Though this would seem to be an ideal solution， there are two big problems associated with taking pictures. Firstly， were likely to be so busy taking the pictures， we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest prompted us to take a photograph in the first place. And secondly， because we feel the pictures are safely stored on our phones， we never get around to looking at them， so sure are we that well get around to it one day.
In fact these problems were noticed right at the beginning of the history of photography， when the average camera was the size of a grandfather clock. The first person to notice them was the English art critic， John Ruskin. He was a keen traveller who realized that most tourists make a dismal（乏味的） job of noticing or remembering the beautiful things they see. He argued that humans have an innate tendency to respond to beauty and wish to have it， but that there are better and worse expressions of this strong wish. At worst， we get into buying souvenirs or taking photographs. But， in Ruskin’s eyes， there’s one thing we should do and that is attempt to draw the interesting things we see， regardless of whether we happen to have any talent for doing so.
Ruskin was very distressed by how seldom people notice details. He deplored the blindness and haste of modern tourists， especially those who prided themselves on covering Europe just in a week by train. “If he be truly a man， no harm to go slow； for his glory is not at all in going， but in being.”
5. What’s our reaction to something that we like？
A. Stopping to say something for cheering.
B. Behaving well to impress others deeply.
C. Having a strong desire to possess them. D. Reflecting on what we have experienced.
6. When taking pictures， people may ___________.
A. ignore appreciating something attractive on the spot
B. feels it hard to learn the skills of taking good photos
C. fined a good way to store good memories in our minds
D. has chances to meet the challenge of new technology
7. According to Ruskin， how should travellers best express their desire for something？
A. To speak it out frankly.
B. To consult others timely.
C. To purchase it generously
D. To paint a picture directly
8. What are most modern tourists proud of ？
A. The long distance that they have covered.
B. The happy hours that they have gone through.
C. The advanced transport tool that they have taken.
D. The great convenience that they have been offered.
C
In today’s society， almost half of all marriages in America end in divorce， which means many children have divorced parents， I am by no means a rare case. There are plenty of other people understand the difficulty of separated parents and living in two households. Despite this， people who haven’t personally experienced divorce really have no idea what it’s like.
Despite many arguments can conflicts， my parents have handled divorce and joint custody（监护） well， at least better than expected. Occasionally the curtain my parents put up to block my brother and I from the reality and I will get a glimpse of the not-so-bright-and-sunny reality， the fact that my parents simply don’t like each other， let along get along. They try to make sure my brother and I dent overhear the argument and do their best to keep my brother and I out of their issues.
Last Mother’s Day I woke up at my Dads house with a text message from my Mom saying， “Call me when u can.”I rolled out of bed and dialed her number. On the other end of the phone I could hear my Moms trembling voice. “Your dad isn’t letting me have you until 7 tonight.” I knew Mother’s Day is important to her and I. I began to get angry with my Dad， but I told myself that getting mad and fueling my mom’s anger towards my Dad wouldn’t help. Later my father told me that he had plans to spend time with my Grandma and step-mom for Mother’s Day， which I understood and accepted but I also understood why my Mom wouldn’t accept it.
While having divorced parents is difficult， I have learned a lot about how to deal with conflict from an early age and Ive been blessed with an extremely large family， which is an amazing network of support.
9. The author uses the first paragraph to show us that _________.
A. living as a child of divorced parents is normal but not easy
B. the number of divorced parents is increasing rapidly at present
C. people are not aware of what problems divorced parents are facing
D. the experience of being a child of divorced parents is painful but worth
10. We can infer that the authors divorced parents try to ________.
A. builds up a good relationship with their children
B. prevent their children getting involved in their affairs
C. inspire their children to be confident about their future
D. prove that they are concerned about their children’s safety
11. The passage implies that the author is ___________.
A. naughty and stubborn
B. reliable and responsible
C. energetic and creative
D. polite and considerate
D
A study in the Journal of Consumer Research gets at why most people are so reluctant to leave home and do fun things on their own. In a series of experiments， the University of Maryland’s Rebecca Ratner and Georgetown’s Rebecca Hamilton showed that when it comes to going to the movies or to dinner， individuals consistently think they won’t enjoy themselves as much if they aren’t going with any of their friends. “People decide to not do things all the time just because they’re alone，” Ratner told The Washington Post. “But the thing is， they would probably be happier going out and doing something all by themselves.”
The researchers found people didn’t think they’d enjoy themselves is that they were afraid other people would think they didn’t have any friends. They thought they’d be seen as unusual， antisocial， and strange for going somewhere without friends， but said they wouldn’t attach these labels as strongly to someone they witnessed， say， sitting alone at a movie theater.
Ratner and Hamilton also ran some experiments to see how they might be able to nudge people to go out by themselves. They realized that there wasn’t the same mental block against going to the grocery store alone， and theorized that this was because shopping represented getting something done. Sure enough， people who consider going to a coffee shop on their own thought it sounded more enjoyable when they were told they had reading material and could be productive than when they were going simply to enjoy a drink. Getting people to think of an experience as an accomplishment might make them more likely to do it without a friends company. In the absence of fellow diners， many of the customers at Enamel， the blog Food Republic reported， ended up staring at their phones anyway. These days， when a phone is never farther than an arm’s length away， “alone “just doesn’t mean when it used to.
12. According to Ratner， what is the surprising finding of their research？
A. Whether going out with friends or by one is a hard decision.
B. People would rather stay at home than do something amusing out.
C. There may be some unexpected pleasure when doing things alone.
D. People should learn some social skills and enjoy staying with others.
3. From the passage， we can infer that _________.
A. most people care much about others opinions
B. most people have emotional or mental problems
C. most people are too busy to complete their tasks
D. most people are greatly affected by their friends
4. What does the underlined word “nudge” in the last paragraph mean？
A. To persuade people to take a particular action.
B. To warn people to be aware of the possible danger.
C. To remind people to pay attention to the final result.
D. To encourage people to overcome various difficulties.
5. According to the passage， most people think highly of_______.
A. sense of security
B. sense of belongings
C. sense of responsibility
D. sense of achievement
二 、阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is necessary for us to improve our problem-solving abilities. If you don’t properly understand the problem， your solutions may be ineffective or fail entirely. 1 For example， is there one problem or actually several？ Can you restate the problem in your own words？ By spending time with the problem you will better understand it and be equipped to generate solutions. 2 Collect data， ask people or experts connected to the problem， look for resources online， in print， or elsewhere. Once you have data， organize it. Try to do this by rewording or summarize it. Perhaps you could even map it out in a chart. You may not need to bother with this step for simple problems， but it will be essential for those of a more complex one.
The first step in finding a solution is to look at data that you have gathered about the problem and to analyze its importance. 3 Start with the raw data. Sometimes， information will need to be broken into smaller， more manageable parts or to be ranked for its importance.
4 You might do this on a limited， trial scale at first to test the results. Or， you might go all in. Keep in mind that unforeseen problems which you did not plan can arise at this stage.
Keep in mind that problem-solving works in a cycle. It will generate a number of different potential solutions that each should not be ignored. 5 If not， then you must look for an alternative solution and start the process over again. So adjust if necessary.
A. If you fix the problem， you have found a suitable solution.
B. Once you have chosen the best solution， put it into practice.
C. You should focus on the problem and your problem-solving process.
D. To gather as many facts as you can about the problem to get a clear picture of it.
E. A hobby is another way that you can continue to improve your problem solving skills.
F. To define the problem clearly， you will have to ask questions and look at different angles.
G. When analyzing， you will look for links and relationships for better understanding the overall situation.
1 2 3 4 5
三、完形填空（共20小题）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There once lived a man who built a house overlooking a village. And the man was 1 ， showing sympathy for people who were 2 ， so he always helped his 3 whenever he could.
As was his 4 ， he would stand at a large window each morning and look down on the 5 ， count his blessings， and say a prayer for his friends. Each day he would do 6 one good deed， and would return to his home 7 and satisfyingly.
Several years later， the man 8 quite a large sum of money. He thanked God for this good fortune and 9 to help others with his money. He did， 10 ， make one concession（特许） for himself. He decided to decorate the edges of his 11 window with pure silver.
As the days went by， the man continued to give his money to his neighbors. He began every morning by standing at the window giving thanks for his blessings. But he also 12 how much more beautiful the window might be if it had a（n） 13 silver around the edges.
Days went by， then weeks， then months. As time passed， the fellow gave 14 of his time and money to those 15 and spent more of his wealth on decorating the window. 16 the entire glass was covered with shining silver.
In the end， there is no 17 for the fellow to see his neighbors from the window. He could only see his own reflection（映像）. Despite our best intentions， 18 can change munity breaks down when money can 19 so many of our basic needs. There is a（n） 20 for more windows in the world， not more mirrors.
1. A. serious B. powerful
C. honest D. generous
2. A. escaping B. suffering
C. surviving D. observing
3. A. neighbors B. friends
C. visitors D. guests
4. A. need B. choice
C. habit D. dream
5. A. house B. playground
C. ground D. village
6. A after all B. at least
C. above all D. at first
7. A. joyfully B. surprisingly
C. worriedly D. fearfully
8. A. begged B. spent
C. gained Wasted
9. A. refused B. agreed
C. promised D. determined
10. A. therefore B. however
C. otherwise D. besides
11. A. favorite B. broken
C. open Dirty
12. A. remembered B. considered
C. wondered D. discovered
13. Inexpensive B. colorful
C. simple D. extra
14. A. full B. less
C. enough D. more
15. A. in need B. in advance
C. in fact D. in debt
16. A. Unfortunately B. Cheerfully
C. Eventually D. Gladly
17. A. discussion B. purpose
C. decision D. possibility
18. A. attitude B. wealth
C. opinion D. knowledge
19. A. satisfy B. challenge
C. find D. replace
20. A. idea B. problem
C. need D. reason
答案
阅读理解
A
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了四位名人的大学毕业典礼的演讲发言。
1. C。细节理解题。根据“Steve Jobs， Stanford University”中的第一、二、三句可知，选C。
2. D。细节理解题。根据Oprah Winfrey， Stanford University中的“Dont react against a bad situation. And the solution will arise from the challenge. Because surrendering yourself doesn’t mean giving up， it means acting with responsibility.”可知選项D符合题意。
3. B。推理判断题。根据Michael Dell， University of Texas at Austin中的第一、二句可知，他是在鼓励人们追求梦想。
4. A。写作意图题。根据第一段中的“...the most important inspiration anyone can ever get is someone who lives his living by example.”可知，选项A符合题意。
B
【主旨大意】当我们遇到有趣或漂亮的东西时，会有一种捕捉并拥有它的自然冲动，会拿出手机进行拍照，但这里有两大问题，本文就此展开说明并提出相关的建议。
5. C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenever something looks interesting or beautiful，there’s a natural impulse to want to capture and preserve it”可知，当人们遇到有趣或漂亮的东西时，会有一种捕捉并拥有它的自然冲动，由此可知答案选C。
6. A。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Firstly， were likely to be so busy taking the pictures， we forget to look at the world whose beauty and interest prompted us to take a photograph in the first place.”可推知，我们当时太忙于拍照，而忘记第一时间看这些美好或有趣的事物，所以选项A符合题意。
7. D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... that is attempt to draw the interesting things we see...”可知，答案选D。
8. A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...those who prided themselves on covering Europe just in a week by train.”可知答案选A。
C
【主旨大意】作为离婚家长的小孩，作者通过自己的经历说明这样的生活是不容易的，但还是可以从中学到一些东西。
9.A。写作意图题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，前面说到当今社会离婚的人很多，后面说到只有有过这样经历的人才能理解到作为离婚父母的小孩的困难，由此可知选项A符合题意。
10.B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They try to make sure my brother and ... I out of their issues.”可知，作者的父母尽可能不让作者及其弟弟知道他们俩的分歧以及涉足他们俩的事情。
11.D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一、二句和中间部分的“I told myself that getting mad and fueling my mom’s anger towards my Dad wouldn’t help.”以及上下文的语境可知，作者很尊重父母（也就是有礼貌的），也很体贴父母，所以答案选D。
D
【主旨大意】许多人都避免自己单独外出，因为那样他们会被认为是不擅长社交的人，研究人员通过实验分析了造成这样的担心的根源所在。
12.C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“But the thing is， they would probably be happier going out and doing something all by themselves.”可知，答案选C。
13.A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...they were afraid other people would think they didn’t have any friends. They thought they’d be seen as unusual， antisocial， and strange for going somewhere without friends...”可知，大部分人在意别人对自己的看法，故选A。
14. A。词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，这里是劝说人们自己外出，故选A。
15.D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“...people who consider going to a coffee shop on their own thought it sounded more enjoyable when they were told they had reading material and could be productive than when they were going simply to enjoy a drink. Getting people to think of an experience as an accomplishment might make them more likely to do it without a friends company”可知，人们更注意有任务或把经历当成一种任务来完成，由此可知，他们应该是对成就感比较重视，所以答案选D项。
阅读七选五
【主旨大意】本文主要说明提高问题解决能力的几种方法。
1. F。考查顺承上下文的关系。 根据前一句中的“properly understand the problem”以及后面的例子和最后一句中的“better understand”可知，这些与选项F中的“define the problem clearly”表达的意思一致。
2. D。考查总分关系。根据下文所列的“Collect data， ask people or experts connected to the problem， look for resources online， in print， or elsewhere...”可知，这些与选项D中的“gather as many facts...”表达的意思相近。
3. G。考查顺承前文的关系。根据前一句中的“analyze its importance”与選项G中的“analyzing ”，并分析二者的内容可知，本题答案选G。
4. B。考查总分关系。根据下文中的“...on a limited， trial scale at first to test...”可知，这是对前文的补充说明，所以选项B符合题意。
5. A。考查并列关系。“...look for an alternative solution...”与选项A中的“...found a suitable solution...”都是解决问题的办法。
完形填空
【主旨大意】本文通过讲述一个人做好事的故事，说明人活在世上需要的是更多的窗户，而不只是镜子。
1.D。根据第一段最后一句说他总是尽可能帮助人，以及下文的“ 49 to help others with his money”可知，答案选D。
2. B。他对那些受苦受难的人表示同情，所以答案选B。
3. A。根据“a house overlooking a village”可知，他应该是帮助那些村民，也就是他的邻居，所以答案选A。
4. C。他每天早上都会那样做，所以这应该是属于他的习惯，所以答案选C。
5. D。根据第一句中的“a house overlooking a village”可知，这里是village的同词复现。
6.B。他每天至少做一件好事，故选B。
7. A。分析句子结构可知，本空应该与后面的satisfyingly表达的意思相近，故答案选A。
8.C。几年后他获得了相当大的一笔钱。
9.D。分析文章结构可知，与下文中的decided to是同意义词，所以答案选D。
10.B。根据句意可知，这里表示转折关系，所以用however。
11. A。根据常识可知，他应该是装饰他最喜欢的窗户的边，所以选项A符合题意。
12.C。他想知道他的窗户边经过额外的（extra）银装饰后会有多漂亮，故选C。
13. D。解析参考第52题解析。
14.B。根据前文的内容可知，那个人开始用钱装饰窗户，想自己的事情多了，所以他用于帮助别人的时间和钱也就相对少了。
15.A。in need 意为“需要帮助的”，故选A。
16.C。最终整个玻璃都覆盖着发光的银。根据句意可知答案选C。
17.D。根据下一句“他只能看到他的映像”可知，这里是说他被银边的窗户所阻隔了，因而不可能看到他的邻居。
18.B。根据上下文中反复出现的money可知，选项B符合题意。
19.A。考查短语satisfy ones need，故选A。
20.C。是前一句中的needs的同词复现。
