Unit 4 My Favourite Subject单元语法
一、语法知识聚焦
（一）一般现在时的用法与结构
1. 用法：一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性动作或客观事实。常与every day（每天）、always（总是）、usually（通常）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、on Mondays（每周一）等时间状语搭配。
2. 结构
肯定句：
主语（非第三人称单数） + 动词原形 + 其他。例句：We study English every morning.（我们每天早上学英语。）
主语（第三人称单数） + 动词三单形式 + 其他。例句：She likes math because it’s challenging.（她喜欢数学，因为它有挑战性。）
否定句：主语 + do/does not + 动词原形 + 其他。例句：I don’t like history.（我不喜欢历史。）He doesn’t play basketball after school.（他放学后不打篮球。）
一般疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？例句：Do you enjoy science classes （你喜欢科学课吗？）Does she practice piano every day （她每天练钢琴吗？）回答：Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？例句：Why do you prefer art （你为什么更喜欢美术？）
3. 动词三单变化规则
一般动词直接加 -s：work → works, play → plays。
以 -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o结尾的动词加 -es：teach → teaches, go → goes。
以辅音字母 + -y结尾的动词，变y为i再加 -es：study → studies, carry → carries。
（二）表达喜好与偏好
1. Like/Love/Enjoy + 名词/动名词
例句：I like music.（我喜欢音乐。）They enjoy playing chess.（他们喜欢下棋。）
否定形式：在动词前加don’t/doesn’t。例句：He doesn’t love drawing.（他不喜欢画画。）
2. Prefer...to...（比起……更喜欢……）
结构：主语 + prefer + 名词/动名词 + to + 名词/动名词。
例句：I prefer math to English.（比起英语，我更喜欢数学。）She prefers reading to watching TV.（比起看电视，她更喜欢阅读。）
（三）疑问词的使用
1. What：询问具体事物或科目。例句：What is your favourite subject （你最喜欢的科目是什么？）
2. Why：询问原因。例句：Why do you like PE （你为什么喜欢体育课？）
3. When：询问时间。例句：When do you have geography class （你们什么时候上地理课？）
4. Who：询问人物。例句：Who teaches you Chinese （谁教你们语文？）
（四）时间表达
1. 具体时间点：at 8:00（在8点）、in the morning（在早上）、after school（放学后）。
2. 频率：every Monday（每周一）、twice a week（一周两次）。
3. 例句：We have chemistry class at 10:00 on Fridays.（我们周五10点上化学课。）They play sports after school every day.（他们每天放学后做运动。）
二、学以致用
（一）动词填空（用一般现在时）
1. My mother often ______________ (cook) delicious meals for us.
2. ______________ (Do) your brother ______________ (get) up early every morning
3. The students ______________ (not have) a PE class on Sundays.
4. He ______________ (go) to the library after school to read books.
5. How ______________ (do) your sister ______________ (get) to school
（二）句型转换
1. I like reading books in my free time.（改为否定句）
→ I ______________ ______________ reading books in my free time.
2. Does Tom play football with his friends on weekends （改为肯定句）
→ Tom ______________ football with his friends on weekends.
3. They have English classes three times a week.（对划线部分提问）
→ ______________ ______________ do they have English classes
4. “I prefer history to math,” said Jack.（改为间接引语）
→ Jack said ______________ ______________ history to math.
（三）语法填空
Hello! I 1______________ (be) Lucy. My school life 2______________ (be) very interesting. I 3______________ (have) many good friends at school. We 4______________ (go) to school together every day. My favourite subject 5______________ (be) English. I 6______________ (read) English stories every night. My friend Lily 7______________ (love) art. She 8______________ (draw) pictures in her free time.
（四）阅读理解
My School Subjects
I’m David. I study at Green School. There are many interesting subjects in our school. My favourite subject is computer science. I love learning about computers and how to write programs. It’s like solving a big puzzle, and I feel great when I make a program work.
My friend Lisa likes art best. She is very good at drawing. She often draws pictures of our school, the trees, and the flowers in the school garden. She says art makes her see the beauty in everything around her.
Our classmate Tom likes PE. He is a very active boy. He plays basketball and football after school every day. He thinks PE helps him keep healthy and strong.
We all have different reasons for loving our favourite subjects. And we learn a lot from each subject we study.
1. What is David’s favourite subject
A. Art.
B. PE.
C. Computer science.
2. Why does Lisa like art
A. Because she is good at it.
B. Because it makes her see the beauty around her.
C. Because she likes drawing pictures of the school.
3. How often does Tom play sports after school
A. Once a week.
B. Twice a week.
C. Every day.
（五）翻译句子
1. 我通常在周末读英语书。
→ ______________
2. 他不喜欢数学，因为他觉得数学很难。
→ ______________
3. 比起音乐，我更喜欢科学。
→ ______________
答案
（一）动词填空
1. cooks
2. Does; get
3. don’t have
4. goes
5. does; get
（二）句型转换
1. don’t like
2. plays
3. How often
4. (that) he preferred
（三）语法填空
1. am
2. is
3. have
4. go
5. is
6. read
7. loves
8. draws
（四）阅读理解
1. C
2. B
3. C
（五）翻译句子
1. I usually read English books on weekends.
2. He doesn’t like math because he thinks it’s very difficult.
3. I prefer science to music.
