2025--2026年高二北师版必修第二册英语综合强化练习 1【含答案word版】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder(文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory(交互记忆)”.
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
1．What can we learn about the first experiment
A．Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the information.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
2．In transactive memory, people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
3．What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题）
To mark its 130th anniversary this year, the National Trust has announced plans to create around 2,500 square kilometres of “nature-rich” landscapes across England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The National Trust is a charity that preserves nature and buildings.
The organisation has set a target of 2035 for creating these natural areas. It’s an ambitious goal: in the past 10 years the Trust has done similar work, but only for around 250 square kilometres. If joined together, the landscapes it plans to create would cover an area bigger than the Lake District National Park.
The charity’s focus will be restoring peatland (watery habitats containing a soil-like material called peat) and improving the quality of rivers. It aims to improve the health of enough soil to provide homes for one billion earthworms.
The National Trust also aims to reconnect natural areas that have been broken into separate bits, such as a road cutting a forest in half. Known as habitat fragmentation, this is often caused by humans and harms animals by making it hard for them to feed and raise families.
The new landscapes will help tackle climate change by protecting plants and peat. These both absorb carbon dioxide from the air. This is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, leading to rising temperatures and climate change.
The plans are aimed at land already owned by the National Trust, as well as nearby areas and land that it plans to buy. Examples include linking an area of disused farmland in Merseyside, England, to a nearby area of forest. There are also plans to link two areas of protected land that are 10 miles apart in England’s Shropshire Hills. This should help breeding curlews. The charity aims to work with farmers and landowners to help them boost nature on their land.
“We will ramp up our work to restore nature, both on our own land and beyond our boundaries,” said Hilary McGrady, director-general of the National Trust.
4．What does the National Trust aim to do for the next ten years
A．Protect all forests in the U.K. B．Increase the natural areas by tenfold.
C．Enlarge the peatland by 10%. D．Expand Lake District National Park.
5．What harm does “habitat fragmentation” do
A．Separating natural areas into small parts. B．Threatening the survival of animals.
C．Restricting human’s regular movement. D．Transforming forests into farmland.
6．What will the Trust do to create new landscapes
A．Connect smaller areas of land. B．Replant crops on disused farmland.
C．Till the land in mountain areas. D．Link the roads that cut the forests.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．The history of the National Trust. B．The benefits of natural landscapes.
C．The Trust’s efforts to cut emissions. D．The Trust’s plans to restore nature.
Bacteria (细菌) know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle through, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life.
Lingchong You, a biologist at Duke University, along with his team, used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets, there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction.
Nevertheless, it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful; in fact, many perform vital jobs. The important question is, therefore, are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about
In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1 – 2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan. “Having said that, there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat that you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there, and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges.”
This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case.
8．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A．Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen.
B．Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment.
C．Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria.
D．Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance.
9．What did Lingchong You find in his study
A．How sponges are exactly structured. B．What encourages bacterial growth.
C．How bacteria react to the environment. D．Why bacteria keep company with each other.
10．What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges
A．Relatively harmless. B．Poorly adaptive,
C．Surprisingly unpleasant. D．Widely distributed.
11．What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph
A．Proofs of bacterial threat. B．The classification of bacteria.
C．Methods to control bacterial growth. D．Research into applications of bacteria.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题）
There are a fair few benefits of waking up early. There is increasing evidence (证据) that suggests morning people could be healthier. According to a new study, women in particular who wake up earlier could be less likely to develop depression. Researchers wanted to see if a woman’s chronotype (睡眠类型) — whether they were an “early bird” or “night owl” — had any influence on their risk of depression (抑郁).
They used data from a large study that recorded the health of more than 32.000 female nurses in the US, with an average age of 55 for nearly thirty years. In 2009, they were asked to tell whether they were a morning or evening person, then they followed up after four years to see how many of them developed depression. During that time there were 2,581 new cases of depression, and those morning types were somewhere between 12% and 27% less likely to develop depression.
The results show that someone’s chronotype could be a reason for developing depression, but the risk is small. The study was based on a special group of people, who are in a highly emotionally and energetically demanding job, and so there is no certainty that the risk of depression is influenced by their sleeping habits. The results are not necessarily suitable for other women of the same age, or men, or children, either.
However, the study does raise some interesting points of discussion. For example, recent research found that disrupting (干扰) our body clock can increase our risk of mood disorders like depression. Nurses work long hours and they often work at night. That may cause psychological problems.
Research has also found that too much sleep and too little sleep are both likely to be bad for your health, and the best way to make sure you’re getting the right amount is to stick to a schedule. That means that even if you have a late night, you should try and get up at the same time every day.
While the answer isn’t as simple as early birds being healthier than night owls, what is clear is that sleep is important to avoiding diseases.
12．Which of the following is TRUE about the research
A．The subjects of it are all female nurses all over the world.
B．Researchers have followed the subjects for nearly thirty years.
C．Those people who got up early were less likely to have depression.
D．Those people who aged over 55 were more likely to develop depression.
13．What can we infer from the study results
A．They are one-sided. B．They are useless.
C．They are correct. D．They are reasonable.
14．According to the passage, nurses are at risk of psychological problems because ______.
A．they have much work to do B．their body clock is disordered
C．they always sleep late D．their sleep time is short
15．What does the fifth paragraph mainly suggest
A．Working less time. B．Not working late at night.
C．Sleeping as long as possible. D．Keeping the body clock.
16．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The benefits of waking up early. B．Is sleeping earlier better than late
C．Nurses are likely to have depression D．Can keeping early hours prevent depression
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题）
Talking about Beijing Opera, we cannot forget to mention one of its greatest performers: Mei Lanfang, a brilliant artist who played an important role in bringing Beijing Opera to the world. Mei Lanfang was born in Beijing in 1894. He started to learn the 17 of Beijing Opera at the age of eight and made his on-stage debut (首次登台) at age eleven. Mei Lanfang worked hard to learn as much as possible from the great artists and 18 of Beijing Opera, and by the age of 20, he had become a(n) 19 actor in Beijing Opera’s dan role (角).
Mei Lanfang quickly became well-known among Chinese audiences 20 his acting skill. Mei Lanfang’s skill opened doors for him to become friends with people from all over the world, as he often 21 guests from other countries who wanted to meet the young actor. As Mei Lanfang 22 to know ambassadors (大使), European royal families, and celebrities from 23 , he 24 bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world, so that even more people from other countries might understand and 25 the beauty of Chinese culture and art.
And so, in 1919, Mei Lanfang began to travel abroad, 26 performances in Japan and the Soviet Union (苏联). His 27 were a great success; audiences were fascinated by this 28 opera from the Orient (东方). One of Mei Lanfang’s greatest 29 was to visit the United States, and after cight years of 30 , he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA．
Mei Lanfang 31 his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera. He 32 sought to improve his own artistry, creating many unforgettable and beautiful 33 for the stage. His style became known as the “Mei Lanfang school (梅派)”, a(n) 34 graceful style, and is still one of the most popular styles of Beijing Opera today.
Mei Lanfang died in 1961 of heart disease. During his more than 50 years on the stage, Mei Lanfang took traditions from the past and 35 the best parts to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera. Although this great opera master has now joined the heroes of history, he 36 a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations.
17．A．name B．history C．art D．tradition
18．A．celebrities B．masters C．fans D．audiences
19．A．assistant B．amateur C．supporting D．leading
20．A．for B．as C．with D．by
21．A．entertained B．avoided C．fooled D．gathered
22．A．needed B．wanted C．got D．learned
23．A．heart B．abroad C．world D．community
24．A．came to B．agreed to C．got down to D．longed to
25．A．maintain B．polish C．identify D．appreciate
26．A．showing B．taking C．giving D．playing
27．A．tours B．fames C．reforms D．routines
28．A．valued B．elegant C．opened D．honored
29．A．approaches B．responses C．goals D．shames
30．A．dreams B．controls C．attempts D．trades
31．A．sacrificed B．brought C．risked D．devoted
32．A．ultimately B．mostly C．absolutely D．constantly
33．A．characters B．experiences C．stars D．lives
34．A．merely B．uniquely C．entirely D．barely
35．A．adapted B．deserted C．drew D．declined
36．A．brought out B．left behind C．gave out D．filled up
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
In today’s digital age, we are constantly surrounded by technology. Smartphones, laptops, and various apps are an integral part of our lives. But is all this technology really beneficial 37 It’s a term used to describe the negative psychological effects that excessive or improper use of technology can bring.
Even though many individuals might not be familiar with the word “technostress”, they’ve likely experienced the feelings associated with having too much technology in their lives. Technostress can be classified into several subtypes, such as techno-overload, techno-complexity, and techno-invasion. 38
Technostress can have a significant impact on our well-being. It may cause people to feel fatigued, irritable, or even fall into a state of depression. Some may also notice physical symptoms like muscle tightness, which can result in headaches and neck pain. 39 Thus, addressing technostress is essential for maintaining good health.
40 The initial step is to accept that experiencing stress from technology is normal. Recognize that it’s a sign of self-awareness to acknowledge the stress caused by technology and take steps to manage it. Some experts suggest that employees should get involved in decisions about how technology is used in the workplace.
Another effective way is to make time for outdoor activities every day. Undoubtedly, few things are as helpful for stress management as spending time in nature, like in a park, forest, or mountains. 41 Time spent in front of a computer might be stressful, but the stress seems more tolerable when you know you can look forward to a nature walk later. Just step outside and let nature soothe your mind.
A．All of these subcategories can have a considerable influence on our health.
B．It’s not a minor discomfort but a real issue that can affect our daily lives.
C．This kind of natural experience is easily accessible to most people.
D．Why not consider the suggestions of some experts
E．You could be facing a situation known as technostress.
F．Participating in activities that help you relax and focus is advisable.
G．How can we deal with technostress
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Over the years I have been fascinated to read about studies into the power of touch.
One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense for me that offering hugs to calm victims may be an instinct that we got from primate ancestors.
Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. Is it any wonder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek out the same things Whether young or old, humans are wired to be touched.
Nevertheless, many people today suffer from “touch hunger”, which typically occurs when a person experiences little touch or contact for a long time. It serves as a warning that the sense of security and care that comes with the contact of touch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is associated with greater stress, anxiety and loneliness, and lower-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.
Be a giver!
42．What did the first study find about touch
43．Why is touch important
44．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Touch has the great power to give people who suffer from “touch hunger“ strong emotional experiences, but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
45．Apart from touch, what other way(s) do you often use to express your love and care in your life (In about 40 words)
七、单句（本大题共1小题）
46．I was completely by his originality.(strike)
八、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian-American pathologist and bacteriologist (病理兼细菌学家), was born 47 June 14, 1868, in Vienna, Austria. He is known for making a 48 (discover) in the identification of blood groups, which was a great breakthrough in medical science.
Working in the lab of Dr. Max von Pettenkofer in Munich, Landsteiner became 49 (addict) to the study of blood. His research led to the classification (分类) of blood into four groups, now known as A, B, AB, and O. This finding was important because it allowed doctors to choose the blood types for transfusions (输血), which saved many lives.
Landsteiner’s work was challenging. In 50 beginning, his finding was met with doubts by the medical community. However, he didn’t give up and continued his research. He kept 51 (try) and it paid off. In 1909, he 52 (award) the Nobel Prize in Medicine for finding out how to figure out blood groups.
53 (further) his research, Landsteiner moved to the United States in 1922 and joined the staff of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York City. There, he continued to contribute a lot to the study of blood.
One of Landsteiner’s most important 54 (contribution) was the development of the Rh factor classification system that was introduced in 1937. It helped to give the reason for 55 some individuals experienced serious reactions during blood transfusions. The Rh factor, along with the ABO blood group system, is now used worldwide to ensure the safety of blood transfusions,
Today, his findings are considered one of the most important in the history of medicine, and he is 56 (true) remembered as the father of modern blood transfusion.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
57．假定你是李华，你校外教Amanda使用AI技术辅助英语作文批改，半学期后向同学们征求反馈意见。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的看法；
2.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Amanda,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards!
Li Hua
十、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
58．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My husband and I bought a small house in a good neighborhood. It was a one and-a-half-floor house. We had to decorate it first because it was so old. I started to paint the walls and the doors outside. I also broke the broken fence (篱笆) and grew some flowers.
After I finished painting the walls of the bedroom upstairs inside, I brought up some water to wash the window. I washed the inside first, then opened the window and stepped out on the kitchen roof to wash the outside. The window was the kind that you couldn’t open from the outside.
I was so devoted to my housework that I didn’t realize the window gradually closed. After finishing cleaning; I tried to open the window but failed. Standing on my kitchen roof, I looked around the neighborhood. That was a lovely afternoon. Where were the neighbor’s kids riding their bikes They used to ride back from the park. Now no young voices shouted to one another. Carroll and Julie,an old couple, lived in the house at the corner. They were likely to be at home, but our kitchen was on the wrong side of our house for me to call them.
I sat down and thought about my situation. Even if someone came along, they couldn’t walk in the house and open the window. The doors were locked by my husband before he went to work. “When you’re working on an indoor project, anyone could open the door and come in. So just keep the doors closed.” he said. I sat there, thinking how stupid I was and what I should do.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I heard there was a child laughing nearby.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The boy went to ask for help.
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参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】细节理解、说明文、通讯与媒体
【答案】
1．C
2．D
3．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是互联网给人的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，这样人们是否会丧失失去记忆的能力，专家怀疑互联网真的可能会改变人们记忆的能力和方式。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.(第一组的人知道他们可以再次找到信息，所以他们没有试图记住它。)”可知，第一组的人没有努力去记这些信息。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called ‘transactive memory(交互记忆)’.(当人们使用互联网时，他们不记得信息。相反，他们记得如何找到它。这被称为“交互记忆”。)”可知在交互记忆中，人们记住如何找到信息。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.(这并不意味着我们变得越来越聪明，但毫无疑问，我们使用记忆的方式正在发生变化。)”可知，根据Sparrow的研究，互联网的影响使我们使用记忆的方式不同了。故选A。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】情节发展、文章大意、社会、细节理解、自然生态、说明文
【答案】
4．B
5．B
6．A
7．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝今年成立130周年，英国国民托管组织宣布计划在英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰创造约2500平方公里的“自然丰富”景观，通过大规模生态修复应对气候与生物多样性危机的十年计划。
【详解】
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“To mark its 130th anniversary this year, the National Trust has announced plans to create around 2,500 square kilometres of ‘nature-rich’ landscapes across England, Wales and Northern Ireland.( 为了庆祝今年成立130周年，英国国民托管组织宣布计划在英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰创造约2500平方公里的“自然丰富”景观。)”以及第二段中“The organisation has set a target of 2035 for creating these natural areas. It’s an ambitious goal: in the past 10 years the Trust has done similar work, but only for around 250 square kilometres.( 该组织设定了到2035年创造这些自然区域的目标。这是一个雄心勃勃的目标：在过去的10年里，信托基金做了类似的工作，但只有大约250平方公里。)”可推知，国民信托未来十年的目标是将自然区域增加十倍。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Known as habitat fragmentation, this is often caused by humans and harms animals by making it hard for them to feed and raise families.( 这被称为栖息地破碎化，通常是由人类造成的，并且通过使动物难以养活和抚养家庭来伤害动物。)”可知，栖息地碎片化对动物造成伤害，使它们难以觅食和养育后代，也就是威胁动物的生存。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Examples include linking an area of disused farmland in Merseyside, England, to a nearby area of forest. There are also plans to link two areas of protected land that are 10 miles apart in England’s Shropshire Hills.(例如，将英格兰默西塞德郡的一片废弃农田与附近的一片森林连接起来。此外，还计划将英格兰什罗普郡山（Shropshire Hills）相隔10英里的两个保护区连接起来。)”可知，这些例子表明国民托管组织将连接较小的土地区域来创造新景观。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇就指出国民托管组织为庆祝成立130周年宣布创建自然景观的计划，后面围绕该计划的目标（如增加自然区域、连接破碎自然区域等）、对生态环境的作用（如应对气候变化、改善土壤等）以及实施方式（与农民和土地所有者合作等）展开，所以文章主要是关于该组织恢复自然的计划。故选D项。
【知识点】情节发展、科普知识、细节理解、说明文
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．A 11．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌在厨房海绵中的生存情况，包括细菌的生长环境、种类、对人类的潜在影响以及海绵的特殊结构如何成为细菌生长的理想场所。
【详解】8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Bacteria (细菌) know how to rough it out all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle though, and a kitchen sponge (海绵) would probably top the list. Yes, it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates, which is warm, damp, and full of nutritious food pieces, is packed of tiny life.(细菌知道如何在地球上的各个地方顽强生存。不过，要是问它们最想在哪里定居，厨房海绵可能会高居榜首。没错，事实证明，我们用来清洗盘子的这个工具，温暖、潮湿，还满是富有营养的食物碎屑，其实充满了微小的生命。)”可知，大多数细菌它们真正想在哪里定居，厨房海绵可能会排在首位，事实证明，我们用来清洗盘子的这个温暖、潮湿且充满营养食物碎屑的工具，充满了微小的生命（细菌）。由此可知，厨房海绵是细菌的好家园。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth.(他发现，海绵上那些大小各异的孔隙对于促进细菌生长至关重要。)”可知，Lingchong You发现不同大小孔隙的海绵对促进细菌生长起着重要作用，也就是他发现了什么能促进细菌生长。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In 2017, Jennifer Quinlan, a professor of food safety, and her colleagues, collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes, finding that only 1 – 2% of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness, and they’re just going to make them smell.” says Quinlan.(2017年，食品安全领域的教授Jennifer Quinlan和她的同事们从100个家庭中收集了厨房海绵，发现这些海绵中只有1%到2%含有与人类食物中毒相关的细菌，而且确实含有有害细菌的海绵中，有害细菌的含量也很少。Quinlan说：“海绵上绝大多数细菌不会致病，它们只是会让海绵产生异味。)”可知，Quinlan 认为海绵上绝大多数细菌不会引发疾病，只有极少数海绵含有与人类食物中毒有关的细菌，而且这些细菌的含量也很少，所以她认为海绵上的细菌相对无害。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene, the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case.(事情还不止如此。如果危险的细菌碰巧来到了海绵上，海绵特殊的构造会使它成为这些细菌生长和繁殖的理想场所。而且有证据表明情况确实如此。)”可知，由于最后一段提到有证据表明危险细菌会在海绵上生长繁殖，所以接下来很可能会讨论细菌威胁的证据具体是什么。故选A。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】情节发展、文章标题、科普知识、细节理解、说明文
【答案】
12．C
13．A
14．B
15．D
16．D
【分析】
本文的体裁是说明文。主要探讨了人们的睡眠类型（早晨型或夜晚型）与抑郁症发展风险之间的关系，特别是针对女性护士的一项研究。
【详解】
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“There is increasing evidence (证据) that suggests morning people could be healthier. According to a new study, women in particular who wake up earlier could be less likely to develop depression.(越来越多的证据表明，早起的人可能会更健康。根据一项新的研究，特别是早起的女性，她们患抑郁症的可能性较小。)”可知，研究发现那些早起的人不太可能患抑郁症，故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The study was based on a special group of people, who are in a highly emotionally and energetically demanding job, and so there is no certainty that the risk of depression is influenced by their sleeping habits. The results are not necessarily suitable for other women of the same age, or men, or children, either.(这项研究是基于一个特殊人群进行的，他们从事的是高度需要情绪投入和能量消耗的工作，因此，无法确定他们患抑郁症的风险是否受睡眠习惯的影响。研究结果也不一定适用于其他同龄女性，或男性，或儿童。)”可推理出，研究结果是片面的，故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中“For example, recent research found that disrupting (干扰) our body clock can increase our risk of mood disorders like depression. Nurses work long hours and they often work at night. That may cause psychological problems.(例如，最近的研究发现，扰乱我们的生物钟会增加我们患抑郁症等情绪障碍的风险。护士工作时间长，而且经常需要在夜间工作。这可能引发心理问题。)”可知，护士有心理问题的风险是因为他们的生物钟紊乱了，故选B项。
15．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Research has also found that too much sleep and too little sleep are both likely to be bad for your health, and the best way to make sure you’re getting the right amount is to stick to a schedule.(研究还发现，睡眠过多和过少都可能对健康不利，而确保睡眠适量的最佳方法是坚持一个固定的时间表。)”可知，第五段建议要保持生物钟，故选D项。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchers wanted to see if a woman’s chronotype (睡眠类型) — whether they were an ‘early bird’ or ‘night owl’ — had any influence on their risk of depression (抑郁).(研究人员希望了解女性的时间类型——无论是‘早起的鸟儿’还是‘夜猫子’——是否对她们患抑郁症的风险有任何影响。)”、第三段中“The study was based on a special group of people, who are in a highly emotionally and energetically demanding job, and so there is no certainty that the risk of depression is influenced by their sleeping habits. The results are not necessarily suitable for other women of the same age, or men, or children, either.(这项研究是基于一个特殊人群进行的，他们从事的是高度需要情绪投入和能量消耗的工作，因此，无法确定他们患抑郁症的风险是否受睡眠习惯的影响。研究结果也不一定适用于其他同龄女性，或男性，或儿童。)”、倒数第三段中“For example, recent research found that disrupting (干扰) our body clock can increase our risk of mood disorders like depression. Nurses work long hours and they often work at night. That may cause psychological problems.( 例如，最近的研究发现，扰乱我们的生物钟会增加我们患抑郁症等情绪障碍的风险。护士工作时间长，而且经常需要在夜间工作。这可能引发心理问题。)”以及最后一段“While the answer isn’t as simple as early birds being healthier than night owls, what is clear is that sleep is important to avoiding diseases.(尽管答案并不像早起的鸟儿比夜猫子更健康那么简单，但明确的是睡眠对避免疾病很重要。)”可知，本文主要探讨了人们的睡眠类型（早晨型或夜晚型）与抑郁症发展风险之间的关系，特别是针对女性护士的一项研究，但是由于研究结果有片面性，文章建议要保持生物钟，D项“Can keeping early hours prevent depression (保持早睡早起的习惯能预防抑郁症吗？)”表达的含义适合用做本文标题，故选D项。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】介词（短语）辨析、副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、著名人物、记叙文
【答案】
17．C 18．B 19．D 20．A 21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A 36．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是梅兰芳的生平及突出贡献。
【解析】17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他8岁开始学习京剧艺术，11岁首次登台演出。A. name名字；B. history历史；C. art艺术；D. tradition传统。根据下文“Beijing Opera”可知，京剧是一门艺术，倒数第二段“the art of Beijing Opera”也是提示。故选C。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. celebrities名人；B. masters大师；C. fans粉丝，狂热爱好者；D. audiences观众。根据上文“learn as much as possible from the great artists and”可知，他肯定是向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，空格处意为“大师”。故选B。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳努力学习，尽可能多地向伟大的京剧艺术家和大师学习，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角。A. assistant助理的；B. amateur业余的；C. supporting支持的；D. leading主要的。根据下文“actor in Beijing Opera’s dan role”和客观事实可知，到20岁时，他已经成为了京剧中担子的主角，空格处意为“主要的”。故选D。
20．考查介词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名。A. for因为；B. as作为；C. with和；D. by被。根据上文“became well-known”和下文“his acting skill”可知，梅兰芳因其演技迅速在中国观众中成名，be well-known for意为“因……而闻名”，因此空格处是介词for，故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳的技巧为他打开了与世界各地的人成为朋友的大门，因为他经常招待来自其他国家的客人，他们想见见这位年轻的演员。A. entertained招待；B. avoided避免；C. fooled愚弄；D. gathered集中。根据上文“become friends with people from all over the world”可知，他与世界各地的人成为朋友，因此是招待来自其他国家的客人。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. needed需要；B. wanted想要；C. got得到；D. learned学习。根据下文“bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world”可知，随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，get to know意为“逐渐认识”。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. heart心；B. abroad外国；C. world世界；D. community社区。根据上文“ambassadors (大使), European royal families, and celebrities”和下文“bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world”可知，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选B。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. came to来到；B. agreed to同意；C. got down to开始认真对待；D. longed to渴望。根据下文“bring his beloved Beijing Opera to the rest of the world”可知，把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，这是他渴望做的。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着梅兰芳认识了各国大使、欧洲皇室和国外名人，他渴望把他心爱的京剧带到世界各地，让更多的国家的人了解和欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。A. maintain保持；B. polish擦亮；C. identify鉴别；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“the beauty of Chinese culture and art”可知，此处表示欣赏中国文化和艺术之美。故选D。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，1919年，梅兰芳开始出国旅行，在日本和苏联演出。A. showing展示；B. taking拿走；C. giving给；D. playing弹奏。根据下文“performances in Japan and the Soviet Union”和客观事实可知，梅兰芳在日本和苏联演出，give performances意为“表演”。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的旅行非常成功。A. tours旅行；B. fames名声；C. reforms改革；D. routines常规，惯例。根据上文“travel abroad”可知，他出国旅游，他的旅行是非常成功的。故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：观众被这部来自东方的高雅歌剧迷住了。A. valued重要的；B. elegant高雅的；C. opened开的；D. honored光荣的。根据下文“opera from the Orient”可知，此处表示来自东方的高雅歌剧。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. approaches方法；B. responses回答；C. goals目标；D. shames羞耻。根据下文“visit the United States”可知，去美国是他的目标。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳最大的目标之一就是去美国，经过八年的努力，他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。A. dreams梦想；B. controls控制；C. attempts努力；D. trades贸易。根据上文“after cight years of”和下文“he and his opera group finally brought Beijing Opera to the USA”可知，在努力了八年后他和他的剧团终于把京剧带到了美国。故选C。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。A. sacrificed牺牲；B. brought带来；C. risked冒险；D. devoted奉献。根据下文“his whole life to the art of Beijing Opera”可知，梅兰芳把他的一生献给了京剧艺术。故选D。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. ultimately最终；B. mostly多半，主要地；C. absolutely绝对地，完全地；D. constantly不断地。根据下文“improve his own artistry”可知，他不断努力提高自己的艺术水平。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不断试图提高自己的艺术水平，为舞台创造了许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。A. characters人物角色；B. experiences经历；C. stars星星；D. lives生命。根据上文“creating many unforgettable and beautiful”和下文“for the stage”可知，他创造了舞台上许多令人难忘和美丽的人物。故选A。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的风格被称为“梅兰芳派”，一种独特的优雅风格，至今仍是最受欢迎的京剧风格之一。A. merely仅仅；B. uniquely独特地；C. entirely完全；D. barely几乎不。根据上文“graceful style”可知，“梅兰芳派”是一种独特的优雅风格，空格处意为“独特地”。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他50多年的舞台生涯中，梅兰芳继承了过去的传统，并改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。A. adapted改编；B. deserted抛弃；C. drew拉；D. declined拒绝。根据上文“to create new and enrich old forms of Beijing Opera”可知，他改编了最好的部分，创造了新的部分，丰富了旧的京剧形式。故选A。
36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管这位伟大的歌剧大师如今已跻身历史英雄之列，但他为他的人民和子孙后代留下了一笔文化财富。A. brought out使显现；B. left behind留下；C. gave out分发；D. filled up加满。根据下文“a legacy of cultural wealth for his people and for all future generations”可知，他为后代留下了一笔文化财富。故选B。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】现代技术、说明文
【答案】37．E 38．A 39．B 40．G 41．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在数字时代，技术虽带来便利但也可能引发“技术压力”，并介绍了其类型、影响及应对方法。
【解析】37．上文“In today’s digital age, we are constantly surrounded by technology. Smartphones, laptops, and various apps are an integral part of our lives. But is all this technology really beneficial (在当今的数字时代，我们周围总是充满了技术。智能手机、笔记本电脑和各种应用程序是我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。但这些技术真的都是有益的吗？)”提到我们被技术包围且询问技术是否都是有益的，及下文“It’s a term used to describe the negative psychological effects that excessive or improper use of technology can bring. (这是一个用来描述过度或不当使用技术可能带来的负面心理影响的术语。)”提到一个术语来描述技术的负面影响，空处承上启下，需要一个句子引出这个术语，E选项“You could be facing a situation known as technostress. (你可能正在面临一种被称为技术压力的情况。)”直接引出了下文中详细讨论的主题——技术压力，符合语境。故选E。
38．上文“Technostress can be classified into several subtypes, such as techno-overload, techno-complexity, and techno-invasion. (技术压力可以分为几种亚型，如技术过载、技术复杂性和技术入侵。)”提到技术压力的不同类型，及下文“Technostress can have a significant impact on our well-being. (技术压力会对我们的健康产生重大影响。)”提到技术压力对我们健康的影响，空处承上启下，A选项中的“All of these subcategories”指代上文提到的几种技术压力类型，“can have a considerable influence on our health”与下文中的“have a significant impact on our well-being”相呼应。所以A选项“All of these subcategories can have a considerable influence on our health. (所有这些子类都会对我们的健康产生相当大的影响。)”承接了前一句关于不同种类的技术压力，并为接下来讨论其具体影响铺垫了基础，符合语境。故选A。
39．上文“Some may also notice physical symptoms like muscle tightness, which can result in headaches and neck pain. (有些人还可能会注意到肌肉紧张等身体症状，这可能会导致头痛和颈部疼痛。)”提到技术压力可能导致的身体症状，及下文“Thus, addressing technostress is essential for maintaining good health. (因此，解决技术压力对于保持健康至关重要。)”提到解决技术压力的重要性，空处承上启下，应当进一步强调解决这一问题的重要性，B选项中的“a real issue that can affect our daily lives”与下文中的“essential for maintaining good health”相呼应，指出技术压力是一个需要重视的问题。所以B选项“It’s not a minor discomfort but a real issue that can affect our daily lives. (这不是轻微的不适，而是一个影响我们日常生活的真实问题。)”进一步强调了技术压力带来的影响不是小问题，对上文进行了总结，也能引出下文应对技术压力的必要性，符合语境。故选B。
40．上文“Thus, addressing technostress is essential for maintaining good health. (因此，解决技术压力对于保持健康至关重要。)”提到解决技术压力的重要性，及下文“The initial step is to accept that experiencing stress from technology is normal. Recognize that it’s a sign of self-awareness to acknowledge the stress caused by technology and take steps to manage it. (第一步是接受来自技术的压力是正常的。认识到承认技术带来的压力并采取步骤来管理它是自我意识的标志。)”提到解决技术压力的第一步，空处应讨论解决方案，G选项“How can we deal with technostress (我们如何应对技术压力？)”提出了如何应对技术压力的问题，引出下文具体的应对方法，起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选G。
41．上文“Another effective way is to make time for outdoor activities every day. Undoubtedly, few things are as helpful for stress management as spending time in nature, like in a park, forest, or mountains. (另一个有效的方法是每天花时间进行户外活动。毫无疑问，很少有事情像在大自然中花时间一样对压力管理有帮助，比如在公园、森林或山区。)”提到在大自然中花费时间对压力管理有帮助，空处承接上文，需说明这种做法的好处或者其普遍适用性，C选项中的“This kind of natural experience”指代上文提到的在大自然中花时间，所以C选项“This kind of natural experience is easily accessible to most people. (这种自然体验对大多数人来说都是容易获得的。)”解释了为什么建议人们参与户外活动的原因，符合语境。故选C。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【答案】42．It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way. 43．It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults. 44．but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care. 45．(1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.
(2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my appreciation for what they have done for me.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，触摸给人带来安全感；当人们难过时，触摸给人以安慰和安定的感觉。
【详解】42．细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.(一项著名的研究调查了人们如何回应他们附近遭遇不幸的人的视频。研究人员观察了它们与受害者的互动，并与非人类灵长类动物的行为进行了比较(灵长类动物)。研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。)”可知，研究发现，人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。故答案为It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.
43．推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. (另一项研究发现，当悲伤或不适的病人的丈夫或妻子伸出手握住他们的手时，就像魔法一样，他们会安定下来，悲伤也会减少。也许我们不应该感到惊讶，因为我们多年来一直知道触摸的重要性。它象征着安全和爱，这实际上是孩子成长过程中最重要的方面之一。)”可知，触摸象征着安全和爱，这对儿童和成人都很重要。故答案为It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults.
44．细节理解题。根据倒数第二端“Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger”. A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.(其实，即使是我们最简单的触碰，也能给“触碰饥饿”的受者带来强烈的情感体验。一个温暖的握手，轻轻拍一下肩膀，或者一个击掌，都足以传达爱和关心。)”可知，即使是一个简单的握手，也能传达爱和关心，因此所给句子中后半部分“but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care”是错的。故答案为：错误部分：but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care. 原因：Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care.
45．开放题。言之有理即可。例如：除了触摸，我们可以写温暖的字条来鼓励或提醒别人，让他们感到温暖；我们也可以和别人进行简短的对话，嘘寒问暖；我们也可以送别人小礼物来表达我们的关心。40词以内。故答案为：(1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.或(2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my appreciation for what they have done for me.
七、单句
【知识点】形容词作定语、过去分词表被动意义
46．【答案】struck ；striking
八、语篇
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态、其他、副词作状语、动名词作宾语、动词不定式作目的状语、可数名词及其单、复数、定冠词、宾语从句的连接词、形容词作表语、著名人物、表示时间
【答案】47．on 48．discovery 49．addicted 50．the 51．trying 52．was awarded 53．To further 54．contributions 55．why 56．truly
【分析】这是一篇人物传记。美籍奥地利病理学家卡尔 兰德施泰纳因发现血型分类及Rh因子系统获诺奖，被誉为现代输血之父。
【详解】47．考查介词。句意：卡尔 兰德施泰纳，一位美籍奥地利病理学家兼细菌学家，于1868年6月14日出生在奥地利维也纳。具体日期“June 14, 1868”前用介词on，表示“在某天”。故填on。
48．考查词性转换。句意：他因在血型鉴定方面的一项发现而闻名，这是医学科学的一大突破。不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数，discover的名词形式为discovery，意为“发现”。故填discovery。
49．考查固定搭配。句意：在慕尼黑马克斯 冯 佩滕科费尔博士的实验室工作时，兰德施泰纳开始沉迷于血液研究。这里考查become addicted to，为固定短语，意为“沉迷于……”，此处用形容词addicted作表语。故填addicted。
50．考查冠词。句意：起初，他的发现遭到了医学界的质疑。这里考查in the beginning，为固定短语，意为“起初”，需用定冠词the。故填the。
51．考查非谓语动词。句意：他不断尝试，最终取得了成功。这里考查keep doing sth. 为固定用法，意为“继续做某事”。故填trying。
52．考查时态和语态。句意：1909年，他因发现如何确定血型而被授予诺贝尔医学奖。此空考查谓语动词，根据时间状语“In 1909”可知用一般过去时，主语he与award之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was awarded。故填was awarded。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了推进研究，兰德施泰纳于1922年移居美国，加入纽约洛克菲勒医学研究所工作。此处用不定式短语作目的状语，further作动词，意为“推进”，且句首时首字母应大写。故填To further。
54．考查名词复数。句意：兰德施泰纳最重要的贡献之一是1937年推出的Rh因子分类系统的建立。“one of + 复数名词”表示“…… 之一”，故contribution需用复数形式contributions。故填contributions。
55．考查宾语从句。句意：它帮助解释了为什么有些人在输血过程中会出现严重反应。空格后为宾语从句，解释原因，故用why引导，表示“……的原因”。故填why。
56．考查副词。句意：如今，他的发现被认为是医学史上最重要的发现之一，他也被真正誉为现代输血之父。此处修饰动词remembered，需用副词truly，意为“真正地”。故填truly。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、其他应用文、现代技术
57．【答案】Dear Amanda,
I hope this email finds you well. I think using AI technology to assist in correcting English compositions is a brilliant idea. It can significantly save your time and offer prompt feedback to us students. This enables us to get a clear understanding of our mistakes and make improvements in a timely manner.
However, I also have a couple of suggestions. Firstly, while AI can provide objective evaluations, I still hope you can give some manual comments from time to time. Secondly, it would be extremely helpful if you could explain how the AI works and its limitations.
Best regards!
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Amanda写封信，就其打算使用AI技术辅助英语作文批改一事给出自己的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
及时的：prompt→timely
解释：explain→account for
首先：firstly→to begin with
提供：provide→offer
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：I think using AI technology to assist in correcting English compositions is a brilliant idea. It can significantly save your time and offer prompt feedback to us students.
拓展句：I think using AI technology to assist in correcting English compositions is a brilliant idea, which can significantly save your time and offer prompt feedback to us students.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I think using AI technology to assist in correcting English compositions is a brilliant idea.（运用了省略that的宾语从句及动名词作主语）
[高分句型2]Firstly, while AI can provide objective evaluations, I still hope you can give some manual comments from time to time.（运用了while引导的状语从句和省略that的宾语从句）
十、读后续写
【知识点】家庭、朋友与周围的人、日常活动、记叙文
58．【答案】Then I heard there was a child laughing nearby. I stood up and looked down the street. Sure enough, there was a little boy. He was riding his bike. I told him that I was washing the window and it shut. He looked up, saw me, and laughed. After all, it’s not an everyday case that you see an old lady on a roof. I told him to ask my next-door neighbors to come and help me. “Of course,” he simply answered.
The boy went to ask for help. Soon Carroll and Julie came, bringing a long rope with them. And then I climbed down. I sincerely thanked them for their kind help. The doors were locked and the keys were in the house, so my lovely neighbors invited me to their house to celebrate my rescue with coffee, cookies, and laughter. A few hours later, my husband came back. I said thanks to them again and went home. From then on, I definitely believe that a far-off relative is not as helpful as a near neighbor.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和丈夫搬到新地方,买了一所老房子,需要粉刷和打扫，作者在粉刷房子以后开始清理窗子，意外地把自己关在房子外，陷入困境的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后我听到附近有个孩子在笑。”可知，第一段可描写作者遇到一个男孩并请他帮忙。
②由第二段首句内容“男孩去请求帮助。”可知，第二段可描写小男孩请邻居帮助作者。
2.续写线索：等待——请求——获救——感谢——做客——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.帮忙：help/give a hand/do a favour for
②.返回：come back /return
情绪类
①.感谢：thank sb. for/show one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude/be grateful
②.开怀大笑：laughter/roar with laughter/a broad smile
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I told him that I was washing the window and it shut.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Soon Carroll and Julie came, bringing a long rope with them.(运用了动词现在分词作状语)
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第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页2025--2026年高二北师版必修第二册英语综合强化练习 2【含答案word版】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
Using an app(应用程序) to learn a language is handy because you can follow lessons and check your progress anywhere. Below is a list of my favorite ways to learn languages from my phone.
Google Translate
Most of apps teach you a language through exercises and progressive steps, while Google’s simply tells you how to write and speak anything you run through it. Still, I think it’s a great choice for beginners. I like to learn languages with Google Translate for two main reasons: its long list of supported languages, and the several language learning methods.
Rosetta Stone
Rosetta Stone is designed specifically for helping travelers learn basic words and phrases(短语). There’s also a phrasebook with basic words and words related to restaurants, hotels, and getting around—all very useful for someone traveling. If you want, you can buy extra phrasebooks covering topics like shopping, colors, emergencies, and so on.
Busuu
Busuu’s app is user-friendly. You get to pick where you’d like to begin in the course. The words and phrases you’ll learn are especially helpful for beginners who might find themselves around people speaking a foreign language and need to learn words in real situations quickly. However, Busuu doesn’t support as many languages as some of these other apps.
Memrise
Memrise isn’t as easy to use for quick translations as Google Translate, but it is easy to work with, supports offline courses, and lets you learn a number of languages. You can start off simple or move to more advanced lessons directly. I find Memrise to be unique in how it teaches new words and phrases. They put words into sentences alongside words that sound similar in your language, which makes it easier to remember.
1．Which apps are suitable for beginners according to the writer
A．Busuu and Memrise. B．Google Translate and Busuu.
C．Rosetta Stone and Memrise. D．Google Translate and Rosetta Stone.
2．What is special about Memrise
A．It is designed for travelers.
B．It has an advantage of quick translation.
C．It supports a large number of languages.
D．It has an unusual method of teaching vocabulary.
3．In which part of a magazine may this text appear
A．Travelling. B．History. C．Technology. D．Business.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题）
Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness. However, according to a new study, for older adults, properly using the Internet might bring many benefits and should perhaps be encouraged.
Researchers from Hong Kong investigated the effects of using the Internet on the mental health of adults aged over 50. Data from more than 87,500 people in 23 countries was used in the study. The study found that using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction, and ameliorated self-reported health.
When researchers looked at the data from people in the US, England, and China in a little more detail, they discovered that the increased use of the Internet was connected with better mental health. Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects. Similarly, people with disabilities and those with higher education levels also got stronger benefits. The positive effects were stronger among people who used the Internet every day.
The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.
For these individuals, the Internet can make it easier to access resources and social opportunities that may be difficult to reach. This shows that the Internet is not only a tool for communication but also a valuable resource for supporting mental well-being among older populations.
4．How does overusing the Internet affect young people’s mental health
A．It damages their physical condition. B．It brings them happiness and benefits.
C．It makes them feel worried and unhappy. D．It helps them stay connected with others.
5．What does the underlined word “ameliorated” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Proved. B．Improved. C．Cured. D．Affected.
6．What did researchers find from the study
A．More older adults surfed online than younger ones.
B．Many countries encouraged people to use computers.
C．Using the Internet promoted all people’s physical health.
D．Using the Internet is good for some groups of older adults.
7．How does the Internet benefit older adults in rural areas
A．It helps them save money. B．It keeps them physically active.
C．It improves their mental health. D．It allows them to travel more easily.
After returning from a brief trip to space, Katy Perry announced that she would definitely write a song about her experience. Perry was one of six women in an all-female crew that landed safely on Monday morning aboard a rocket operated by Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin company. The crew flew on Blue Origin’s New Shepard launch vehicle, which has carried dozens of scientists, entrepreneurs, and celebrities above the Kármán line since 2021. The Kármán line, about 62 miles above Earth’s surface, is recognized as the boundary of space.
It was the first all-female spaceflight since 1963, when Soviet-era cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova — the first woman in space — orbited the Earth during a nearly three-day solo flight. Blue Origin’s flight, however, was significantly shorter, lasting 10 minutes and 21 seconds. Hundreds of thousands of people tuned into Blue Origin’s online livestream to watch the journey from launch to landing.
The crew spent several minutes in zero gravity, marveling at the moon and screaming excitedly when the parachutes opened on the way down. “Congratulations, and welcome back to Earth,” mission control said as the capsule settled in the dusty valley. The women, some crying and pumping their fists, filed out of the capsule. They knelt down to touch the ground with their own hands.
Perry even sang on board with her crew mates with parts of Louis Armstrong’s “What a Wonderful World” while the capsule floated in space. “It’s about making space for future women and appreciating the wonderful world we see right out there. This is all for the benefit of Earth.” Perry said afterward.
Surprisingly, Perry brought a daisy on the flight. “Daisies grow through any condition. They are powerful and strong,” she explained. “Flowers are a gift from our Earth, and they remind us of the beautiful magic that is everywhere, even in a simple daisy.” Perry felt “super connected to love” during the trip and was deeply motivated. When asked if she would write a song about her experience, she replied, “100%.”
8．What do we know about Katy Perry’s space trip
A．It is the longest space trip in history.
B．It is a trip with the most viewers in history.
C．It is the first spaceflight operated by Blue Origin.
D．It is the first spaceflight crewed entirely by women.
9．What can be inferred from paragraphs 3-4
A．The crew knelt to show their respect for Earth.
B．Perry’s singing overshadowed mission goals.
C．The crew struggled with challenges during landing.
D．The crew’s experience was exciting and emotional.
10．Why did Katy Perry bring a daisy on the flight
A．To show her love for flowers.
B．To emphasize the power of life.
C．To use it as a decoration in the capsule.
D．To conduct a space experiment on plant growth.
11．How did Katy Perry find her space trip
A．Inspiring. B．Amusing. C．Tiring. D．Demanding.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题）
As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed. To imitate (模仿) the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.
Data plays a hugely important part in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.
One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology (流行病学), Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready should the worst happen. Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with-machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of predicting epidemics months in advance with great accuracy.
Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics (诊断学). Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray, CT and MRI images. Speeding up diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and puter vision (视觉) AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy. They have been able to outperform junior. doctors and even senior specialists in some tests.
Cardiologist (心脏病专家) Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms. (超声波心动图) by 92 percent to 79 percent. She said that despite the result there is no prospect of AI replacing human doctors any time soon.
“As cardiologists, we read the images and then go to see the patient.” she said. “So we’re both reading images and practicing medicine. I don’t think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly.” The acceptance of AI in medicine will continue to gather pace in the future as it becomes more widespread.
12．What plays a big role in helping AI systems know about human medicine
A．Certain task. B．Large data.
C．The skill to imitate D．The increasing demand.
13．Why is Startup AIME mentioned in paragraph 3
A．To illustrate predicting disease is possible. B．To call on doctors to focus on public health data.
C．To prove it’s a successful company in global health. D．To let readers realize the importance of early success.
14．What does the underlined word “outperform” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A．do better than B．cooperate with C．learn from D．follow the advice of
15．What do Rima Arnaout’s words in paragraph 5 imply
A．AIs are not so smart as human doctors.
B．It’s not easy for AIs to take the place of human doctors.
C．A cooperation between AIs and human doctors is a must
D．Human doctors are playing a big role in practicing medicine.
16．What is the main idea of the passage
A．AI will replace human doctors in the near future.
B．AI is improving medicine through data and advanced technology.
C．AI is only useful for predicting disease outbreaks
D．AI cannot outperform doctors in medical diagnostics
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题）
Humans aren’t the only life forms on the International Space Station. They 17 their work and living space with plants.
In fact, as space trips become 18 it will be necessary to grow food in space. A nine-month trip to Mars would 19 huge amounts of food and water. The 20 of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram. 21 this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for such a long journey, only to be 22 once and thrown away.
This is why growing plants in space will be so 23 . Plants can serve many uses on a long space journey. They are a renewable 24 source. Astronauts will 25 the addition of fresh fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods. Also, because plants use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, they can help 26 air quality inside the spaceship. At present, all oxygen is taken aboard in huge containers and then caught again 27 it can be reused.
However, there is 28 in growing plants in space. Because of the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can kill them, so fans are 29 to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down and leaves don’t 30 to grow up. Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow 31 . There are problems with soil as well. As soil is too 32 to send to space, special liquid gels (凝胶) are used to support plant growth. These 33 water and send it to the plants.
Scientists are also 34 the plants themselves. They are trying to breed (培育) plants to grow more quickly and to grow with less water and light. They are also looking for 35 to make plants more resistant (抵抗的) to disease. 36 , such new ways in plant breeding could result in improvements back here on Earth.
17．A．shelter B．block C．exchange D．share
18．A．longer B．cheaper C．easier D．safer
19．A．produce B．waste C．store D．require
20．A．cost B．danger C．number D．chance
21．A．According to B．Apart from C．Because of D．Instead of
22．A．seen B．used C．moved D．fixed
23．A．hard B．important C．strange D．modern
24．A．water B．medicine C．food D．money
25．A．forget B．imagine C．notice D．welcome
26．A．improve B．forecast C．record D．monitor
27．A．till B．so C．though D．unless
28．A．fun B．point C．difficulty D．purpose
29．A．bought B．brought C．needed D．made
30．A．know B．like C．learn D．agree
31．A．accidentally B．correctly C．freely D．suddenly
32．A．rich B．dry C．much D．heavy
33．A．prefer B．contain C．control D．drink
34．A．suffering from B．waiting for C．giving up D．working on
35．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．signs
36．A．Disappointedly B．Unfortunately C．Hopefully D．Interestingly
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Convincing teenagers to put down their phone and dig in the flowerbeds may seem like a long shot. But if provided the opportunity, the right tools, and encouragement they might find they love gardening. 37 . Many plants can grow in containers. Here are some benefits of gardening for teenagers.
38 . Whether flowers or vegetables, caring for plants helps teenagers develop responsibility. They also gain a sense of accomplishment and self-confidence as they raise new green shoots into full blooming beauties. Teen gardeners will get to experiment and learn what is best for each plant, experiencing the benefits of their efforts over time.
Gardening is good for psychological well-being. 39 . Gardens have been shown to reduce stress and depression, as well as promote productivity. Taking a break from electronics and social media can also improve teenagers’ attention. Research shows that spending just a few minutes outdoors, surrounded by grass, trees, and other plants can boost a teenager’s ability to focus and concentrate.
Outdoor time promotes exercise. Gardening offers fresh air, sunshine, and exercise. 40 . Sowing seeds, planting seedlings, and deadheading flowers require movement which translates to some exercise. Teenagers are likely to become so absorbed in their work that they don’t even realize the physical aspect of gardening.
Growing food encourages healthier eating habits. Teenagers that grow their own food are more likely to enjoy eating healthily. Tasting the fruits of their own efforts often inspires them to eat more of the items they grow themselves. Teaching teenagers about the nutritional benefits of the plants they grow will empower them to make wise and tasty food choices for life. 41 .
A．Plant care builds up responsibility
B．And gardening doesn’t need much space
C．A sense of responsibility matters to teenagers
D．Plants are often used as a tool to help improve mental health
E．Parents may find that their couch potato enjoys growing actual potatoes
F．These benefits are especially good for teenagers who avoid physical activity
G．And harvesting is an excellent way to help teenagers know the source of their food
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. “No country has a free pass — we found plastic from everywhere,” said one scientist.
Plastic waste in the sea has long been known about, but only now are we discovering the true extent of the problem. Plastic takes hundreds of years to decompose, so all the plastic ever produced still exists somewhere. Around 95% of plastics made are not recycled, and large amounts enter the sea. Currents collect this waste in large circular systems called “gyres”. One of the largest is in the Pacific Ocean, an area now known as the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch”.
The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. The problem has spread too far to ignore. The plastic on Henderson Island accounts for just 2 seconds’ worth of global annual plastic production. That production will more than triple by 2050. Then there will be the same weight of plastic in the sea as fish.
However, there are some young minds working to clean up and protect the sea for future generations. While diving in Greece, young Boyan Slat noticed there was more plastic waste than fish. He decided right then to dedicate his life to solving this problem. Previously the problem was considered too big to solve; collecting the plastic with boats and nets would be expensive, would harm sea life, and would take thousands of years! But, Boyan thought, why move through the sea when the sea can move through you To work with the currents and gyres would help collect the waste. So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled.
“Many problems today are side effects of things people didn’t think about in the past,” he says. “Sea plastic is a symbol of the negative effects of our lifestyle and technology. Our aim should be to create a new lifestyle for this century. Protecting the sea from plastic is a good place to start!”
42．What alarming discovery did the scientists make during their visit to tiny Henderson Island
43．Why does “micro plastic” make things even worse
44．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed.
45．What can we do to reduce plastic waste in our daily lives (In about 40 words)
七、单句（本大题共1小题）
46．Medicine should not be kept where it is (access) to children. （所给词的适当形式填空）
八、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The recent announcement by China’s National Health Commission (NHC) 47 it would promote a three-year “weight management” campaign has fueled nationwide enthusiasm. This campaign moves beyond traditional policy approaches 48 combining nationwide cooperation with community-level engagement.
Over past years, China has witnessed an upward trend in the disease rate of its overweight and obese population. Obesity (肥胖) has become a major public health issue in China, ranking as the 49 (five) leading risk factor for death and disability in the country.
What 50 (set) this campaign apart is its comprehensive strategy, excelling through cross-sector cooperation. Sixteen government agencies 51 (joint) work to address obesity’s complex challenges, creating targeted plans for different age groups and life phases. 52 (advance) the mission, the NHC crafted the “Nutrition & Exercise Guide”, which has gone viral for its localized eating advice that harmonizes cultural food traditions with science-backed 53 (well) principles.
Acknowledging obesity’s physical and emotional impacts, the campaign provides personalized health blueprints 54 (feature) meal schedules and workout routines. Furthermore, specialized teams composed of dietitians, traditional medicine experts, and fitness trainers create personalized support networks, monitoring daily progress via health apps, transforming health awareness into 55 engaging daily habit.
It’s hoped that strong centralized leadership 56 (pair) with local engagement can effectively address obesity.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
57．假定你是李华，你校将于下周举办一个主题为“Science Changes Our Lives”的科技节（Science Festival）活动，请你给留学生朋友Tom写一封邮件，邀请他参加。
内容包括：1. 发出邀请；2. 活动介绍；3. 期待参加。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
十、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
58．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
“She wants a what ” barked the fruit seller. I was in one of the many street markets of Luzhou, a small city located in China’s Sichuan Province. Already, a crowd of curious on-lookers was gathering: white-haired grandmas, toothless old men, mothers holding infants. Everyone was waiting, wondering why the foreigner was causing such a fuss (大惊小怪).
I took a deep breath. The crowd leaned in. “Do you have a pumpkin ” I asked as clearly as possible. A mother holding an infant explained there was no pumpkin here in English. I had to move on to yet another market in my search for Halloween.
As an American English teacher in China, the urge was strong to explain my country’s cultural traditions to my students. I’d had plenty of success in teaching the Chinese about significant United States holidays and events, Halloween being one of them. Yet I was now in a new teaching position, in a different region of the country which seems to have every kind of produce known to man except the one I wanted for Oct.31.
I had learned that in teaching about Halloween, there was no substitute (替代品) for a carved pumpkin. Descriptions produced blank stares. Drawings were misinterpreted. Pictures only puzzled.
Sure, I could give up showing a real jack-o’-lantern (南瓜灯) to my students. I could lecture on the history of this tradition, which had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. We could have a go at wearing masks, and role-play trick-or-treat.
But nothing could compare with the pumpkin. For that reason, I was willing to go through just about anything to find a pumpkin for my students.
In another section of the city, I headed to a big market. “Do you have a pumpkin ” I asked the seller I saw. “A what ” she seemed to be at a loss. However, I didn’t know how to make her understand what I wanted.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, an idea occurred to me.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On Oct. 31, I brought the carefully-carved pumpkin into the class.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】应用文、文章出处、细节理解、通讯与媒体
【答案】
1．B
2．D
3．C
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在手机上学习语言的应用程序。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据Google Translate部分的“Still, I think it’s a great choice for beginners.(仍然，我认为这对初学者来说是个不错的选择。)”和Busuu部分的“The words and phrases you’ll learn are especially helpful for beginners who might find themselves around people speaking a foreign language and need to learn words in real situations quickly.(你将学习的单词和短语对初学者特别有帮助，他们可能会发现自己周围有说外语的人，需要在真实情境下快速学习单词。)”可知，作者认为这个两个软件适合初学者。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Memrise部分中的“I find Memrise to be unique in how it teaches new words and phrases.(我发现Memrise在教授新词和新短语方面是很独特的。)”可知，Memrise在教词汇方面有独特的方法。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Using an app to learn a language is handy because you can follow lessons and check your progress anywhere. Below is a list of my favorite ways to learn languages from my phone.(使用应用程序学习语言很方便，因为你可以在任何地方跟随课程并检查你的进度。下面是我最喜欢的通过手机学习语言的方法的清单。)”可知，本文介绍几种在手机上学习语言的应用程序， 因此推断是在技术专栏。故选C。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】科普知识、细节理解、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现对于老年人来说，正确使用互联网可能会带来许多好处，也许应该鼓励。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Governments around the world are increasingly worried about the effect of using the Internet on young people’s mental health. And studies have shown that spending too much time on screens and social media may increase feelings of anxiety and sadness.(世界各国政府越来越担心使用互联网对年轻人心理健康的影响。研究表明，在屏幕和社交媒体上花费太多时间可能会增加焦虑和悲伤的感觉)”可知，过度使用互联网让年轻人感到担心和不开心，影响年轻人的心理健康。故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“using the Internet was connected with fewer symptoms (症状) of sadness or depression (抑郁), greater life satisfaction(使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度)”以及后文“self-reported health(自我报告的健康状况)”可知，上文列举了使用互联网的好处，即使用互联网可以减少悲伤或抑郁的症状，提高生活满意度，改善自我报告的健康状况。故划线词意思是“改善”。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly, they found that certain groups of older adults benefited more from the use of the Internet than others. For example, older adults who did fewer social activities or took part in less physical exercise experienced greater positive effects.(有趣的是，他们发现某些老年人群体比其他人从使用互联网中受益更多。例如，较少参加社会活动或较少参加体育锻炼的老年人体验到更大的积极影响)”可知，研究人员从这项研究中发现使用互联网对某些老年人群体有好处。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers stressed that the Internet can be an excellent place for older adults to learn new things, connect with others, and access important services and information. They described the Internet as a cheap and effective way to improve older adults’ mental health, especially those who live outside towns and cities.(研究人员强调，互联网可以成为老年人学习新事物、与他人联系、获取重要服务和信息的绝佳场所。他们认为，互联网是改善老年人心理健康的一种廉价而有效的方式，尤其是那些居住在城镇以外的老年人)”可知，互联网改善老年人的心理健康，使农村地区的老年人受益。故选C。
【知识点】情节发展、科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、记叙文
【答案】8．D 9．D 10．B 11．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Katy Perry参与由贝索斯蓝色起源公司运营的全女性太空飞行，介绍了此次飞行的情况，以及Katy Perry在飞行中的感受等。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Perry was one of six women in an all-female crew that landed safely on Monday morning aboard a rocket operated by Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin company.(周一上午，佩里是乘坐杰夫·贝索斯旗下蓝色起源公司火箭安全着陆的全女性机组六名女性之一)”和第二段中“It was the first all-female spaceflight since 1963, when Soviet era cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova — the first woman in space — orbited the Earth during a nearly three day solo flight.(这是自1963年以来的首次全女性太空飞行，当时苏联宇航员瓦莲京娜·捷列什科娃——第一位进入太空的女性——进行了近三天的单人绕地飞行)”可知，Katy Perry的这次太空之旅是首次全女性太空飞行。故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The crew spent several minutes in zero gravity, marveling at the moon and screaming excitedly when the parachutes opened on the way down.(机组人员在零重力环境中度过了几分钟，惊叹于月亮，在下降过程中降落伞打开时兴奋地尖叫)”和“The women, some crying and pumping their fists, filed out of the capsule. They knelt down to touch the ground with their own hands.(这些女性，有的哭了，有的挥舞着拳头，鱼贯走出太空舱。她们跪下来，用自己的手触摸地面)”，第四段中“Perry even sang on board with her crew mates with parts of Louis Armstrong’s “What a Wonderful World” while the capsule floated in space.(当太空舱在太空中漂浮时，佩里甚至和她的船员们一起演唱了路易斯·阿姆斯特朗的《多么美妙的世界》的一部分)”可知，机组人员在飞行过程中兴奋尖叫和歌唱，着陆后有的哭泣、挥舞拳头，还跪下来触摸地面，由此可推断出机组人员的经历既令人兴奋又充满情感。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘Daisies grow through any condition. They are powerful and strong,’ she explained. ‘Flowers are a gift from our Earth, and they remind us of the beautiful magic that is everywhere, even in a simple daisy.’(“雏菊能在任何环境中生长。它们强大而坚韧，”她解释道。“花朵是地球赐予我们的礼物，它们让我们想起美丽的魔力无处不在，即使是一朵简单的雏菊。”)”可知，Katy Perry带上雏菊是为了证明雏菊能在任何环境中生长，强调生命的力量。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Perry felt ‘super connected to love’ during the trip and was deeply motivated. When asked if she would write a song about her experience, she replied, ‘100%.’(佩里在旅途中感到“与爱紧密相连”，深受鼓舞。当被问及是否会写一首关于她这次经历的歌时，她回答说：“绝对会。”)”可知，Katy Perry在这次太空之旅中深受鼓舞，并决定写一首关于她这次经历的歌，由此可推断出她认为这次太空之旅是有启发性的。故选A项。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】文章大意、现代技术、目的意图、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述AI通过大数据和先进技术提升医疗水平，但短期内无法取代医生。
【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第二段“AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. (AI系统通过从真实病例中收集的大数据集进行训练。)”可知，人工智能系统能为人类医学在大数据方面提供支持。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“Startup AIME has successfully combined public health data with-machine learning and AI to create a prediction engine capable of predicting epidemics months in advance with great accuracy. (初创公司AIME成功地将公共卫生数据与机器学习和人工智能相结合，创建了一个预测引擎，能够提前几个月准确预测流行病。)”可知，将公共卫生数据与机器学习和人工智能相结合，创建预测引擎，可以能够提前几个月准确预测流行病。所以提到AIME是为了说明通过AI可以预测流行病，即为了说明预测疾病是可能的。故选A。
14．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Computer vision (视觉) AIs use pattern recognition to work through these images with incredible speed and accuracy. (计算机视觉人工智能使用模式识别技术以令人难以置信的速度和准确性处理这些图像。)”可知，计算机视觉人工智能处理信息的速度和准确性令人难以置信，今后有可能更多使用人工智能用于医疗，因为人工智能的技术可能优于人类。由此推断划线单词的含义是“表现更好，更优越”。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段“She said that despite the result there is no prospect of AI replacing human doctors any time soon. (她说，尽管有这样的结果，但人工智能在短期内不会取代人类医生。)”可知，Rima Arnaout的话暗示了人工智能要取代人类医生并不容易。故选B。
16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. (随着人工智能系统变得越来越先进，我们可以期待它们在人类医学和医疗保健领域得到更多的应用。)”，第二段“Data plays a hugely important part in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. (数据在帮助人工智能系统了解人类医学方面发挥着极其重要的作用。)”，第三段“One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology (影响全球健康的最重要领域之一是流行病学。)”，第四段“Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics (诊断学). (医疗人工智能正在快速发展的另一个领域是诊断学)”，第五段“Cardiologist (心脏病专家) Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms. (超声波心动图) by 92 percent to 79 percent. (心脏病专家Rima Arnaout开发了一种人工智能，在正确解读超声心动图方面击败了人类专家。从92%上升到79%。)”及最后一段“The acceptance of AI in medicine will continue to gather pace in the future as it becomes more widespread. (随着人工智能在医学领域的普及，它的应用将在未来继续加快步伐。)”可知，全文围绕AI在流行病预测、诊断学等领域的应用，强调其通过数据和算法提升医疗水平。因此这篇文章的主旨是讲述人工智能正在通过数据和先进技术改善医学。故选B。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、科普知识、说明文、连词辨析
【答案】
17．D；
18．A；
19．D；
20．A；
21．C；
22．B；
23．B；
24．C；
25．D；
26．A；
27．B；
28．C；
29．C；
30．A；
31．B；
32．D；
33．B；
34．D；
35．A；
36．C
【详解】
本文是说明文。文章说明了在太空种植植物的好处和困难。
17．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与植物共享工作和生活空间。A. shelter收容所；B. block阻塞；C. exchange交换；D. share分享。由上文提到的“人类并不是国际空间站唯的生命形式”可知，他们与植物“共享（share）”他们的工作和生活空间。故选D。
18．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着太空旅行的时间越来越长，在太空种植粮食将成为必要。A. longer更长的；B. cheaper更便宜的；C. easier更容易的；D. safer更安全的。由下文“A nine-month trip”和“such a long journey”可知，随着太空旅行的时间变得“更长（longer）”，有必要在太空种植粮食。故选A。
19．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：9个月的火星之旅需要大量的食物和水。A. produce产生；B. waste浪费；C. store储存；D. require需要。根据后文“huge amounts of food and water”可知，火星之旅需要大量的食物和水。故选D。
20．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：将任何东西送入太空的成本约为每公斤2.2万美元。A. cost花费，成本；B. danger危险；C. number数字；D. chance机会。结合后文“of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram”可知是在说明把东西送入太空的成本，故选A。
21．
考查固定短语辨析。句意：正因为如此，把长途旅行需要的所有东西都送去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。A. According to根据；B. Apart from除了；C. Because of因为；D. Instead of而不是。结合上文可知，九个月的火星之旅需要大量的水和食物，把这一切带上太空的花费巨大，因此（Because of），把长途旅行所需要的的东西都送上飞船，只使用一次就扔掉是不现实的。故选C。
22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，把长途旅行需要的所有东西都送去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。A. seen看见；B. used使用；C. moved移动；D. fixed修理。根据后文“once and thrown away”可知指使用这些送到太空的东西，应用use。故选B。
23．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么在太空中种植植物会如此重要。A. hard努力的；B. important重要的；C. strange奇怪的；D. modern现代的。由下文可知，本段主要讲述了在太空栽培植物的重要性，important符合语境。故选B。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是一种可再生的食物来源。A. water水；B. medicine药物；C. food食物；D. money钱。上一段提到的太空之旅需要大量的水和食物，可知，此处指植物是可再生的“食物（food）”来源。故选C。
25．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：宇航员将乐于接受在他们的干粮中添加新鲜水果和蔬菜。A. forget忘记；B. imagine想象；C. notice注意到；D. welcome乐于接受，欢迎。由下文的“dry foods”可知，宇航员们肯定会“乐于接受（welcome）”在他们的食谱中加入新鲜的水果蔬菜。故选D。
26．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，因为植物利用二氧化碳并产生氧气，它们可以帮助改善飞船内的空气质量。A. improve改善；B. forecast预测；C. record记录；D. monitor监督。由上文的“plants use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen”可知，植物有助于“改善（improve）”飞船内的空气质量。故选A。
27．
考查连词词义辨析。句意：目前，所有的氧气都是装在巨大的容器里，然后再回收利用。A. till直到；B. so所以；C. though虽然；D. unless除非。结合前后文语境可知“所有的氧气都是装在巨大的容器里”与“回收利用”之间是因果关系，故选so。故选B。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在太空中种植植物有困难。A. fun乐趣；B. point要点；C. difficulty困难；D. purpose目的。由下文“Because of the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants.”可知，本段主要讲述在太空培育植物的“困难（difficulty）”。故选C。
29．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能会杀死它们，所以需要风扇来循环空气。A. bought购买；B. brought带来；C. needed需要；D. made制作。由上文“the oxygen... stays around the plants”可知，植物附近“需要（needed）”安装风扇来使空气流通。故选C。
30．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有重力，根不“知道”向下生长，叶子也不知道如何生长。A. know知道；B. like喜欢；C. learn学习；D. agree同意。根据上文“roots don’t “know” to grow down”可知，此处指叶子不知道如何生长，应用know。故选A。
31．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们正在开发专门的容器来帮助植物正常生长。A. accidentally意外地；B. correctly正常地；C. freely自由地；D. suddenly突然。由上文的“don’t “know””可知，打造特殊容器的目的是为了让植物像在地球一样“正常（correctly）”生长。故选B。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于土壤太重，无法送到太空，所以使用了特殊的液体凝胶来支持植物生长。A. rich富有的；B. dry干的；C. much许多的；D. heavy沉重的。由常识和上文提到的费用可知，运送土壤对于飞船来说太“重（heavy）”了。故选D。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们含有水分，并将其输送给植物。A. prefer更喜欢；B. contain包含；C. control控制；D. drink喝。由上文的liquid gels可知，这些人工培养基富“含（contain）”水分，并可以把水分输送给植物。故选B。
34．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：科学家们也在研究植物本身。A. suffering from遭受；B. waiting for等待；C. giving up放弃；D. working on致力于，研究。由该段第二句“They are trying to breed plants to grow more quickly and to grow with less water and light”可知，科学家们还在改变植物本身上“下功夫（working on）”。故选D。
35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还在寻找使植物更抗病的方法。A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. signs标志。根据后文“to make plants more resistant to disease”可知，他们除了让植物长得更快，需要较少的阳光和水，还寻找“办法（ways）”来提高植物的抗病性能。故选A。
36．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：希望这种植物育种的新方法能够在地球上带来进步。A. Disappointedly失望地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Interestingly有趣地。最后一句“such new ways in plant breeding could result in improvements back here on Earth”作者表达了自己的“希望（Hopefully）”：这些植物育种的新方法能给地球农业带来好处。故选C。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．D 40．F 41．G
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍园艺对青少年的一些好处。
【详解】37．由下文中的“Many plants can grow in containers. (许多植物可以在容器中生长)”可知，B项“And gardening doesn’t need much space(园艺也不需要太多空间)”切题，该空内容“不需要太多空间”与下文“在容器中生长”相呼应，故选B项。
38．通读第二段尤其是根据下文中的“Whether flowers or vegetables, caring for plants helps teenagers develop responsibility(无论是鲜花还是蔬菜，照顾植物都能帮助青少年培养责任感)”可知，该段主要介绍园艺可构建责任心，A项“Plant care builds up responsibility (园艺植物护理培养责任感)”切题，该选项作为本段首句是主题句，统领全段，且该选项中的“responsibility”和下文中的“responsibility”相呼应。故选A项。
39．根据主旨句“Gardening is good for psychological well-being(园艺有益于心理健康)”可知，本段介绍园艺对心理的好处，承接上文，D项“Plants are often used as a tool to help improve mental health(植物常被用作帮助改善心理健康的工具)”切题，该选项进一步园艺对心理的好处：植物常被用作帮助改善心理健康的工具。且该选项中的“mental health”和下文中的“psychological well-being”相呼应。故选D项。
40．根据上文“Outdoor time promotes exercise. Gardening offers fresh air, sunshine, and exercise(户外时间促进锻炼。园艺提供新鲜空气、阳光和锻炼)”可知，此处主要阐述园艺可以促进户外锻炼，提供新鲜空气、阳光和锻炼。由此推知，进一步可能谈到这些益处对青少年身体有益，因此，F项“These benefits are especially good for teenagers who avoid physical activity(这些益处对避免体育锻炼的青少年尤其有益)”切题，且该选项中的“These benefits”和上一句中的“fresh air, sunshine, and exercise”相呼应。故选F项。
41．根据上文“Tasting the fruits of their own efforts often inspires them to eat more of the items they grow themselves.Teaching teenagers about the nutritional benefits of the plants they grow will empower them to make wise and tasty food choices for life.(品尝自己努力的果实往往会激励他们吃更多自己种植的东西。向青少年传授他们种植的植物的营养益处将使他们能够为生活做出明智而美味的食物选择)”可知，青少年自己种植植物，可帮助他们培养健康的饮食习惯，有利于选择自己喜欢的美味的食物，因此，G项“And harvesting is an excellent way to help teenagers know the source of their food .(收获是帮助青少年了解食物来源的一种极好的方式)”切题，且该选项中的“harvesting”和上文中的“the fruits of their own”相呼应。故选G项。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】新闻、环境保护
【答案】42．The island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. 43．Because it is eaten by fish, leading to massive species loss, and humans also eat these fish, with micro plastic even found in tap water worldwide. 44．The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed.
The passage only says the project allows the waste to be collected and recycled, not that it can be completely removed. 45．To reduce plastic waste in our daily lives, we can start by minimizing the use of single-use plastics. Additionally, supporting and purchasing products made from eco-friendly materials can make a significant difference. Participating in beach cleanups and recycling programs also helps.
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科学家在偏远的亨德森岛发现了大量塑料垃圾，揭示了海洋塑料污染的严重性，并介绍了一些年轻人正在努力清理和保护海洋，同时呼吁人们减少塑料使用，保护海洋环境。
【详解】42．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Scientists visiting tiny Henderson Island in the South Pacific recently made an alarming discovery. Although it is one of the most remote places on the earth and previously untouched by humans, the island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic. (最近，科学家在访问南太平洋的亨德森小岛时，有了一个惊人的发现。尽管它是地球上最偏远的地方之一，以前从未被人类涉足，但这个岛上却覆盖着3800万块塑料)”可知，科学家在访问亨德森岛时，发现岛上覆盖着3800万块塑料，故答案为The island was covered in 38 million pieces of plastic.
43．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The problem gets worse as plastic breaks down into very small pieces, or “micro plastic”. This is eaten by fish and leads to massive species loss. Humans also eat these fish, and micro plastic has even been found in tap water around the world. (随着塑料分解成非常小的碎片，即‘微塑料’，问题变得更加严重。这些微塑料被鱼吃掉，导致大量物种灭绝。人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中也发现了微塑料)”可知，微塑料被鱼吃掉，导致大量物种灭绝，人类也吃这些鱼，甚至在世界各地的自来水中也发现了微塑料，所以微塑料使问题变得更糟。故答案为Because it is eaten by fish, leading to massive species loss, and humans also eat these fish, with micro plastic even found in tap water worldwide.
44．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“So he started The Ocean Cleanup project, which places very long floating barriers in the Pacific. Currents then concentrate the waste naturally so it can be collected and recycled. (于是，他启动了‘海洋清理’项目，在太平洋上放置了非常长的漂浮屏障。然后，洋流自然地将废物集中起来，这样就可以收集和回收了)”可知，在“海洋清理”项目中，太平洋上放置了非常长的漂浮屏障，然后洋流自然地将废物集中起来，这样就可以收集和回收了，但并不能完全清除，因此“it can be completely removed”错误。故答案为The Ocean Cleanup project places long floating barriers in the Pacific, and then currents naturally concentrate the waste, so it can be completely removed. The passage only says the project allows the waste to be collected and recycled, not that it can be completely removed.
45．考查开放性试题。言之有理即可，注意词数限制。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了海洋塑料污染的问题，为了减少日常生活中的塑料垃圾，我们可以先从减少一次性塑料制品的使用做起。此外，支持并购买采用环保材料制成的产品也能产生显著效果。参与海滩清理活动和回收项目同样有所帮助。故答案为To reduce plastic waste in our daily lives, we can start by minimizing the use of single-use plastics. Additionally, supporting and purchasing products made from eco-friendly materials can make a significant difference. Participating in beach cleanups and recycling programs also helps.
七、单句
【知识点】形容词作表语
46．【答案】accessible
【详解】考查形容词。句意：药物不应该保存在儿童可以获得的地方。 is是系动词，接形容词accessible“易够得到的”作表语，故填accessible。
八、语篇
【知识点】一般现在时、不定冠词、其他介词、副词作状语、动词不定式作目的状语、同位语从句、名词作定语、序数词、新闻、现在分词作定语、科普知识、过去分词作定语
【答案】
47．that 48．by 49．fifth 50．sets 51．jointly 52．To advance 53．wellness 54．featuring 55．an 56．paired
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了中国国家卫生健康委员会（NHC）最近宣布将开展一项为期三年的“体重管理”运动，这激起了全国人民的热情。解释了这一做法背后的原因以及活动安排。
【详解】47．考查同位语从句。句意：中国国家卫生健康委员会（NHC）最近宣布将开展一项为期三年的“体重管理”运动，这激起了全国人民的热情。该空引导同位语从句说明抽象名词announcement的具体内容，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that引导。故填that。
48．考查介词。句意：这一运动超越了传统的政策方法，通过将全国合作与社区参与相结合。此处表示方式，意为“通过”用介词by，by doing sth. (通过做某事)。故填by。
49．考查数词。句意：肥胖已成为中国一个重大的公共卫生问题，是导致中国死亡和残疾的第五大风险因素。根据上文定冠词以及句意“第五”可知用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
50．考查时态。句意：这一运动的独特之处在于其全面的战略，通过跨部门合作取得了突出成就。根据主句系动词is可知为一般现在时，从句主语为What，从句谓语动词set用三单形式。故填sets。
51．考查副词。句意：16个政府机构共同致力于解决肥胖的复杂挑战，为不同年龄组和生命阶段制定有针对性的计划。修饰动词work用副词jointly作状语。故填jointly。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了推进这一使命，国家卫生健康中心制定了“营养与运动指南”，该指南因其本地化的饮食建议而走红，该建议将文化饮食传统与科学支持的健康原则相协调。此处advance作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To advance。
53．考查名词。句意：为了推进这一使命，国家卫生健康中心制定了“营养与运动指南”，该指南因其本地化的饮食建议而走红，该建议将文化饮食传统与科学支持的健康原则相协调。修饰名词principles，表示“健康”用名词wellness，作定语。故填wellness。
54．考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到肥胖对身体和情绪的影响，该活动提供了个性化的健康蓝图，包括饮食计划和锻炼计划。此处blueprints与feature为逻辑主动关系，feature用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。
55．考查冠词。句意：此外，由营养师、传统医学专家和健身教练组成的专业团队创建了个性化的支持网络，通过健康应用程序监控每天的进展，将健康意识转化为一种吸引人的日常习惯。此处habit为泛指，且engaging是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们希望强有力的中央领导和地方参与能够有效地解决肥胖问题。此处pair与leadership构成逻辑被动关系，pair用过去分词作定语。故填paired。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般将来时、邀请、邀请信
57．【答案】
Dear Tom,
How is everything going I am writing to invite you to our school’s upcoming Science Festival, themed “Science Changes Our Lives”, which will be held next week.
During the festival, there will be a wide range of fascinating activities. You can explore the latest scientific achievements through a science exhibition, where you can see models of advanced robots and innovative inventions. In the meanwhile, there will be a science lecture delivered by a renowned scientist, who will share insights into how science is reshaping our daily lives. Additionally, we’ll have hands-on science experiments you can participate in, allowing you to experience the magic of science firsthand.
I sincerely hope you can join us. It will not only be a great opportunity to expand your knowledge but also a chance to have fun with our schoolmates.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Tom写一封邮件，邀请他参加学校将于下周举办的主题为“Science Changes Our Lives”的科技节活动。
【详解】
1. 词汇积累
探索：explore → probe into
举行：hold → host
与此同时：in the meanwhile → at the same time
出名的：renowned → well-known
2. 句式拓展
同义句
原句：Additionally, we’ll have hands-on science experiments you can participate in, allowing you to experience the magic of science firsthand.
拓展句：Additionally, we’ll have hands-on science experiments you can participate in, which will allow you to experience the magic of science firsthand.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In the meanwhile, there will be a science lecture delivered by a renowned scientist, who will share insights into how science is reshaping our daily lives. (运用了过去分词作定语以及who引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I sincerely hope you can join us.. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句)
十、读后续写
【知识点】一般过去时、学校生活
58．【答案】
Suddenly, an idea occurred to me. I could bridge the language gap with visuals! I drew a simple sketch of a pumpkin, complete with a stem on top and the characteristic ridges (纹路). “I need something like this,” I said, showing my drawing to the seller. She studied the sketch with curiosity, then looked up at me, understanding dawning on her face. After a moment, she disappeared behind a pile of produce and soon returned with a round, orange pumpkin. “That’s it!” I exclaimed, my face lit up with joy. Immediately I rushed back home, starting to carve my beautiful pumpkin.
On Oct. 31, I brought the carefully-carved pumpkin into the class. The students gathered around, their eyes wide with curiosity as they observed the delicately carved face with a flickering candle inside. It was indeed a traditional jack-o’-lantern, and it captured the essence of the holiday. As the light cast shadows around the room, I began to tell them about the origins of Halloween, the legends of spirits and the custom of carving pumpkins to drive off evil spirits. They listened attentively, eyes fixed on me. We were all connected through the universal language of celebration and tradition despite the cultural differences.
【分析】
文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者作为一名在中国教英语的美国人，在教授学生关于万圣节的文化传统时，发现没有南瓜作为教学道具，这对他来说是不可或缺的。尽管他尝试了各种方式解释和寻找南瓜，但由于所在地区似乎没有南瓜这种农产品，他遇到了很大的困难。然而，为了让学生更好地理解和体验万圣节文化，他坚持不懈地寻找南瓜。
【详解】
1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“突然，我想到了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写这个主意的具体内容以及作者实施的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“10月31日，我把精心雕刻的南瓜带到了课堂上。”可知，第二段可描写学生们看到南瓜的反应，作者介绍传统文化的过程以及感悟。
2.续写线索：得到南瓜——雕刻南瓜——学生围观南瓜——分享节日传统——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
弥补：bridge/compensate for
展示：show/demonstrate
注视：fix on/gaze at
情绪类
快乐：joy/delight
专心地：attentively/intently
【点睛】[高分句型1]
She studied the sketch with curiosity, then looked up at me, understanding dawning on her face.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]
As the light cast shadows around the room, I began to tell them about the origins of Halloween, the legends of spirits and the custom of carving pumpkins to drive off evil spirits.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页2025--2026年高二北师版必修第二册英语综合强化练习 3【含答案word版】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
Student Film Festival
Student Film Festival celebrates learning across the curriculum through the exciting and dynamic medium of short film. Through film, students can tell stories, investigate ideas, document learning in any area of study and express the complexity of their thinking through a range of genres and technical approaches.
With the creative use of digital media, students can integrate their personal perspectives to explore the diverse and challenging issues of our time. It’s open to all students, regardless of school. We are accepting submissions in the following categories:
So far, more than 20 entries have been selected across all categories. We will gradually announce the chosen entries for each category, giving you a chance to watch all the films online and vote for your favourites. Winners in all categories will be announced on Wednesday, 27 December.
Over the years, our film festivals have attracted thousands of filmmakers from around the world. Each festival features live screenings in our own school theater. Our 80-seat theater is outfitted with a 4K projector and seven speakers throughout the venue, delivering high quality in a first-class screening environment. Filmmakers whose works are accepted into our festival will receive free passes to the school theater, invitations to film masterclasses, and are considered for awards.
1．Which of the following can be a suitable submission to the festival
A．A 20-minute recording of a short play.
B．A two-hour film recording your daily routine.
C．A five-minute fun video about students’ dormitory life.
D．A 22-minute instructional video about basic physics concepts.
2．What can filmmakers do if their works are accepted
A．Receive a film award. B．Deliver a speech in the venue.
C．Interview film masters. D．Watch films for free in the school theater.
3．What is the text
A．A schedule for the film selecting process.
B．An invitation to a filmmakers’ celebration.
C．An advertisement for an upcoming festival.
D．An announcement of a film festival awards.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题）
A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand — not water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. Yet American scientists now say these lines appear more like dry, flows of sand. If water is present, it is likely to be a small amount. Water in liquid form would be necessary for microbial (微生物的) life.
NASA, the American space agency, said more research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist for NASA’s Mars exploration programme. He noted that the latest study does not reject the presence of water. But he admitted, “It just may not be as exciting as the idea of rivers going down the sides of cliffs (悬崖).”
The new findings come from a team led by Colin Dundas of the United States Geological Survey. His team measured 151 of these lines in 10 areas. Most of the lines end with slopes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees. These measurements are similar to active sand dunes (沙丘) on both Mars and Earth. A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry. this suggests that recent Mars has not had large volumes of liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questions remain.
“I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer said. “As long as that’s true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”
NASA currently has no robotic vehicle — either on Mars or in development — with the ability to climb steep slopes. The lack of such equipment has engineers coming up with ideas like Mar-tian helicopters or planes without pilots.
4．What do American scientists find on Mars now according to their study
A．A lot of little life. B．An amount of water.
C．Some Martian hills. D．Dark markings are sand.
5．When do the markings come out
A．In Martian spring. B．In Martian summer.
C．In Martian autumn. D．In Martian winter.
6．What does the underlined word “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Icy. B．Magical. C．Strange. D．Undiscovered
7．What’s Meyer’s opinion about having life on Mars
A．Doubtful. B．Trustful. C．Indifferent. D．Objective.
Some snakes are well-known for injecting prey with poisonous liquid from their teeth. What’s less well known is that they produce poisonous stuff at the other end of their bodies, too. Located at the base of the tail are organs that generate smelly secretions（分泌物）. The point of these organs has long been a mystery, but new research suggests they could stem from a time when snakes needed to protect themselves from a vicious enemy: the humble ant.
Scientists have known since at least the 1960s that some tail secretions are bug-repellent. Yet until now it has been unclear why all snake species, even those that seemingly never interact with ants, produce the secretion.
To get to the bottom of the issue, Paul Weldon of the Biology Institute in Virginia and Robert Vander Meer of the Centre for Agricultural Entomology in Florida collected secretions from snakes on all family branches. The team then set up a small room with red fire ants that make aggressive attacks on invaders. The team allowed the smell of the snake secretions to stay in the room, to see if it would put the ants off. But they entered the room with no fear.
Drs Weldon and Vander Meer next questioned whether directly interacting with the secretions would have an effect. They presented the ants with both a droplet of ordinary water and a droplet of mixture of water and snake secretion. Though the ants readily drank from the ordinary water droplets, they rarely even approached the mixture.
The researchers interpret these findings to mean that tail secretions from snakes probably evolved for insect defence long ago. They propose that the secretion appeared in the earliest snakes. It would allow them to respond to angry ants defending themselves from attack or ants looking for their next meal.
No snakes wanted to make themselves smelly, but the enemies encouraged the rise of the adaptation. When you have no limbs, you might as well make both ends count.
8．Why did the snake give off unpleasant smell from their tail
A．To avoid being stuck. B．To kill and to feed themselves.
C．To smell and locate themselves. D．To prevent themselves from being hurt.
9．What does the word underlined in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．unfriendly to insects. B．appealing to insects.
C．nutritious for insects. D．deadly for insects.
10．How did the researchers do their experiment
A．By analysing the data. B．By making comparisons.
C．By controlling the reaction. D．By measuring chemical changes
11．How can we understand the last sentence in the last paragraph
A．The adaptation was useless because snakes faced threats.
B．Smelly secretions were mainly used to attract prey not for defence.
C．Snakes developed defensive features to survive despite imperfection.
D．Only poisonous snakes needed adaptations to escape from predators.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题）
From now on, never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings. Instead, realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born. Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.
The seeds, and the power to grow them, are contained in the most awesome machine ever created: the human mind. Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.
You cannot be successful without first developing your self-esteem. Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself, and thus over your life. People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are the perennial (长期的) victims and martyrs. They are leaves tossed (摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.
You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for everything that happens in your life. Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance. Successful people realize that they are responsible.
Everything happens as a result of something. If we can identify the cause, we can control the effect. We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.
If you associate with positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success. On the contrary, the opposite happens. We are responsible for finding, planting, and nurturing the seeds that contain future victory, born from setbacks.
In short, in all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.
12．Why are people with low self-esteem compared to leaves
A．Because they are ready to change their minds.
B．Because they are easily affected by windy weather.
C．Because they don’t have the power to face their fate.
D．Because they can’t exercise control over themselves.
13．What would losers think
A．Success is the result of hard work. B．Working hard will lead to success.
C．Their failure is only because of bad luck. D．They don’t make efforts to succeed.
14．What can be inferred from paragraph 5
A．Whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes.
B．One’s expectation is the key to future success.
C．Thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind.
D．Setting our expectations is essential before taking action.
15．What’s the function of the last paragraph
A．The proof of the author’s points. B．The conclusion of the argument.
C．An introduction to another topic. D．A comparison between two views.
16．Which is the best title for the text
A．The secrets of success B．Success is a choice
C．Develop our confidence D．How to achieve success
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题）
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 17 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 18 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His dad couldn’t afford the 19 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 20 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 21 he didn’t have the time or the 22 . He had only one good suit. He tried 23 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 24 . During this period Dale was slowly 25 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 26 him from achieving his real potential. She 27 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 28 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 29 made it. This proved to be a 30 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 31 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 32 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 33 , were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to 34 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 35 an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, 36 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
17．A．admitted B．filled C．supplied D．recognized
18．A．assignment B．education C．advantage D．instruction
19．A．training B．board C．teaching D．equipment
20．A．between B．during C．over D．through
21．A．while B．when C．because D．though
22．A．permits B．interest C．talent D．clothes
23．A．on B．for C．in D．with
24．A．light B．flexible C．optimistic D．outgoing
25．A．gaining B．achieving C．developing D．obtaining
26．A．prevent B．protect C．save D．free
27．A．suggested B．demanded C．required D．insisted
28．A．presence B．practice C．patience D．potential
29．A．hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally
30．A．key B．breaking C．basic D．turning
31．A．progress B．experience C．competence D．confidence
32．A．horse-riding B．football C．speech D．farming
33．A．in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in fact
34．A．convey B．overcome C．understand D．build
35．A．express B．stress C．contribute D．repeat
36．A．besides B．beyond C．like D．with
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Ever found yourself reaching for your favorite old movie or TV show despite knowing every line and unexpected plot changes You’re not alone. 37
We rewatch shows for emotion, not plot. Rewatching is an intentional choice based on our prior knowledge. Knowing what’s coming allows us to take charge of our feelings. Rewatching and repetition lower our loads of mental understanding too. 38 We can freely make ourselves complethy involved in the experience, enjoy details we might have missed the first time, and deepen our connection to the characters and storylines.
39 Returning to something known when life feels chaotic can ground us. Familiar content removes the tension of uncertainty. We can fully focus on the positive moods.
Rewatching isn’t just about the past; it’s also about the present and the future. Anticipating a favorite scene plays a significant role. It’s reported that the production of dopamine (多巴胺) will be activated by the mental “wanting” of the visualized rewards. 40 We get a feel-good boost during the show as we review favorite moments.
Our media choices reflect our psychological needs. 41 So, the next time you queue up old favourites, remember that you’re doing more than indulging (沉溺) in nostalgia (怀旧) — you’re actively supporting your mental health.
A．The familiarity also provides a sense of safety.
B．Our brains don’t need to work hard to process the information.
C．That’s why we simply cannot deal with anything else at the moment.
D．This mental anticipation motivates behaviors that will deliver the experience.
E．They can be a response to our desire to recreate meaningful emotional experiences.
F．Rewatching old favorites is a popular activity for many, especially during the holidays.
G．A new movie may seem more appealing if we are familiar with the actors, the director or the theme.
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
The Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Life
Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year, threatening marine ecosystems. Marine animals, such as turtles, seabirds, and whales, often mistake plastic debris for food. For example, sea turtles confuse floating plastic bags with jellyfish, which can block their digestive systems and lead to starvation. Similarly, seabirds feed plastic fragments to their chicks, causing long-term health issues. Microplastics — tiny plastic particles from the breakdown of larger items — have spread even to the deepest parts of the ocean. These particles are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood.
Efforts to deal with this crisis are growing worldwide. Many countries have introduced bans on single-use plastics like straws and bags. Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional munity initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. However, experts stress that systemic changes are essential. Improving recycling systems, investing in technologies to collect ocean plastics, and holding companies responsible for excessive plastic production are key steps.
Together, these actions can reduce the flow of plastic into our oceans and protect marine life for future generations.
42．What is the estimated amount of plastic waste entering oceans yearly
43．How do microplastics affect the food chain
44．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.
45．What measures do you think individuals could take to further reduce plastic pollution (Provide at least two suggestions.) (About 40 words)
七、单句（本大题共1小题）
46．Seeing the scene，I was almost to death.(frighten)
八、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has announced the completion of an approximately 1,800-mile-long belt of vegetation encircling the Taklamakan Desert, one of 47 largest and most challenging desert environments in the world. 48 (locate) in northwest China, the Taklamakan is known for 49 (it) shifting dunes and tough climatic conditions, which have historically brought significant challenges to nearby communities and ecosystems.
The newly completed corridor, often referred to 50 a “Green Great Wall,” consists of drought-resistant trees 51 (specific) selected to survive the desert’s extreme weather. According to official reports, this extensive planting effort is intended to help ensure the landscape, reduce sandstorms, 52 prevent the desert from expanding further into agricultural regions.
Government forestry agencies have noted that this large-scale greening initiative 53 (expect) to contribute to better soil holding, improve biodiversity, and 54 (strength) the environment. The increased vegetation may also offer long-term benefits for residents 55 live on the desert’s edge, potentially helping to preserve livelihoods, maintain farmlands, and support more sustainable local development.
This project is part of China’s broader efforts 56 (address) desertification and restore ecological balance. The successful completion of it stands as a significant example of working with nature to create more stable, healthy, and hopeful conditions for both people and the environment.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
57．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征集关于“健康生活”的文章，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 健康生活的重要性；
2. 你保持健康生活的方式；
3. 呼吁大家养成健康生活习惯。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
58．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My birth was a little more dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the world. Within minutes of coming out, doctors gave my parents the difficult news: I was born missing my left hand.
Indeed, that announcement of my limb difference might have been a disaster if it hadn’t been for what happened next. I’m told that a nurse placed me m my mother’s arms and instructed: “You will take her home. You will love her. you will raise her like you would any child. You will treat her as normal” My parents took that instruction seriously, I played sport, acted in theatre, excelled in school, participated in student government and had playdates. while I did set some stares and ‘polite’ questions about my disability, I am lucky because I wasn’t made fun of for my limb difference.
As kids do, I learned to adapt. One of earliest memories is my father trying to teach me to tie my shoes. I gently pushed him out of the way because his two=handed method wouldn’t work for me, and I figured out a way to do it with one hand. Not every challenge was that simple, however. Because my parents were trying so hard to make me feel ‘normal’, that also meant I didn’t really have space to talk about my limb difference ― and it was different. No matter how hard we tried, other kids had two hands and I had only one.
The fact that I was different hit me hard my first day of high school. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious. I remember getting on the bus and one of the other kids stared just a little too long at my left arm. The staring upset me in a way it never had before, and I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I immediately slipped it into my pocket.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I spent the next two decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The journey of hiding to unhiding is hard, but the efforts were rewarding. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】应用文、情节发展、文章出处、细节理解、通讯与媒体
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C
【分析】本文为一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了学生电影节的参赛要求、评选流程和参与福利。
【详解】1．推理判断题。根据文中征集作品的类别及时长限制，“Music Video (under 10 mins)(音乐视频（时长10分钟以内）”和“Situational Comedy (under 10 mins)(情景喜剧（时长10分钟以内）”可知，C选项“A five-minute fun video about students’ dormitory life(一个关于学生宿舍生活的五分钟有趣视频)”，符合音乐视频或情景喜剧等类别时长要求，有可能是合适的参赛作品。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Filmmakers whose works are accepted into our festival will receive free passes to the school theater, invitations to film masterclasses, and are considered for awards.(作品入选我们电影节的电影制作人将获得学校剧院的免费入场券、电影大师班的邀请函，并被考虑授予奖项)”可知，作品被接受的电影制作人可以在学校剧院免费观看电影。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Student Film Festival celebrates learning across the curriculum through the exciting and dynamic medium of short film. Through film, students can tell stories, investigate ideas, document learning in any area of study and express the complexity of their thinking through a range of genres and technical approaches.(学生电影节借助精彩且充满活力的短片这一媒介，颂扬跨课程学习。通过电影，学生们能够讲述故事、探究思想、记录任何学习领域的成果，并运用一系列的类型和技术手段，展现其思维的复杂性)”可知，文章主要介绍了学生电影节的相关信息，包括征集作品类别、时长、入选作品后续安排、场地设施以及对电影制作人的福利等，目的是宣传这个即将到来的电影节，吸引学生参与。所以短文是一个即将到来的电影节的广告。故选C项。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于火星上黑色标记的新研究，指出这些标记更可能是沙而非水，同时引用了科学家和相关机构的观点和解释，对研究结果进行了阐述和分析。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A new study suggests that dark markings on the planet Mars represent sand—not water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines on some Martian hills were evidence of water. American scientists now say these lines appear more like dry, flows of sand. (一项新研究表明，火星上的深色斑纹其实是沙子——而非水。2015年的研究曾认为，火星一些山坡上的线条是存在水的证据。然而，美国科学家如今表示，这些线条更像是干燥的沙流。)”可知，美国科学家发现火星上的深色斑纹是沙子。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A small covering of dust that moves and sometimes becomes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year.(一层薄薄的、会移动且有时颜色变浅的尘土，或许能解释这些斑纹的形成。它们通常在火星的夏季出现，之后消失，直到来年才再次显现。)”可知，火星上的深色斑纹在火星夏季出现。故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段““I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer said. “As long as that’s true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. It just happens to be cryptic or well hidden.”(‘我依然认为，火星在其早期历史中极有可能存在过生命，’Meyer说，‘只要这一点成立，那么火星上现在仍存在生命的可能性也是合理的。只是这些生命可能……，或是藏得很好。’)”可推测，“cryptic”与“well hidden”由“or”连接，构成并列关系，说明二者含义相近。“well hidden”意为“隐藏得很好”，而选项D“undiscovered(未被发现的)”与之表意最贴近。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I still think that Mars has a great potential for having had life early on in its history,” Meyer said. “As long as that’s true, we also have a reasonable possibility of life still being on Mars. ”(‘我依然认为，火星在其早期历史中极有可能存在过生命，’Meyer说，‘只要这一点成立，那么火星上现在仍存在生命的可能性也是合理的。’)”可推测，Meyer对火星存在生命（包括过去和现在）持相信的态度。故选B。
【知识点】科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蛇不仅会用牙齿向猎物注射有毒液体，还会在身体尾部产生难闻的分泌物，科学家通过研究发现这些分泌物可能是蛇为了抵御蚂蚁等昆虫的攻击而进化出来的防御机制。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“What’s less well known is that they produce poisonous stuff at the other end of their bodies, too. Located at the base of the tail are organs that generate smelly secretions（分泌物）. The point of these organs has long been a mystery, but new research suggests they could stem from a time when snakes needed to protect themselves from a vicious enemy: the humble ant.(鲜为人知的是，它们在身体的另一端也会产生有毒物质。在蛇尾的基部有产生难闻分泌物的器官。这些器官的作用一直是个谜，但新的研究表明，它们可能源于蛇需要保护自己免受一个凶猛的敌人——不起眼的蚂蚁的攻击的时候。)”以及文章最后一段“No snakes wanted to make themselves smelly, but the enemies encouraged the rise of the adaptation. When you have no limbs, you might as well make both ends count.(没有蛇愿意让自己发臭，但敌人促使了这种适应性的出现。当你没有四肢时，你最好让两端都发挥作用。)”可知，蛇从尾部释放难闻的气味是为了保护自己免受伤害。故选D项。
9．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词后面的“Yet until now it has been unclear why all snake species, even those that seemingly never interact with ants, produce the secretion.(然而，直到现在还不清楚为什么所有的蛇类，甚至那些看似从不与蚂蚁互动的蛇类，都会产生这种分泌物。)”以及第四段“Drs Weldon and Vander Meer next questioned whether directly interacting with the secretions would have an effect. They presented the ants with both a droplet of ordinary water and a droplet of mixture of water and snake secretion. Though the ants readily drank from the ordinary water droplets, they rarely even approached the mixture.(Weldon博士和Vander Meer博士接下来质疑直接与分泌物接触是否会产生影响。他们给蚂蚁一滴普通水和一滴水和蛇分泌物的混合物。虽然蚂蚁很乐意从普通水滴中喝水，但它们很少接近混合物。)”可知，科学家们发现蛇的尾部分泌物对蚂蚁有驱避作用，由此可知，划线词所在句意为“科学家们至少从20世纪60年代就知道，一些蛇的尾部分泌物能驱虫”，bug-repellent意为“对昆虫不友好的”。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The team then set up a small room with red fire ants that make aggressive attacks on invaders. The team allowed the smell of the snake secretions to stay in the room, to see if it would put the ants off. But they entered the room with no fear.(然后，研究小组在一个小房间里放置了红火蚁，这些红火蚁会对入侵者发起猛烈的攻击。研究小组让蛇分泌物的气味留在房间里，看看是否会让蚂蚁退缩。但它们毫无畏惧地进入了房间。)”以及第四段“Drs Weldon and Vander Meer next questioned whether directly interacting with the secretions would have an effect. They presented the ants with both a droplet of ordinary water and a droplet of mixture of water and snake secretion. Though the ants readily drank from the ordinary water droplets, they rarely even approached the mixture.(Weldon博士和Vander Meer博士接下来质疑直接与分泌物接触是否会产生影响。他们给蚂蚁一滴普通水和一滴水和蛇分泌物的混合物。虽然蚂蚁很乐意从普通水滴中喝水，但它们很少接近混合物。)”可知，研究人员通过比较蚂蚁对蛇分泌物和普通水的反应来进行实验，即通过对比来进行实验。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“No snakes wanted to make themselves smelly, but the enemies encouraged the rise of the adaptation. When you have no limbs, you might as well make both ends count.(没有蛇愿意让自己发臭，但敌人促使了这种适应性的出现。当你没有四肢时，你最好让两端都发挥作用。)”可知，最后一句的意思是尽管蛇的这种适应性并不完美，但为了生存，它们还是发展出了防御特征。故选C项。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】情节发展、文章标题、科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、议论文
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．B
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是成功是一种选择，而非偶然，并探讨了自尊、态度和责任在实现成功中的关键作用。
【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People with low self-esteem are people who do not believe that they have any power, or responsibility for their lives. They are the perennial victims and martyrs. They are leaves tossed by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.(低自尊的人不相信自己拥有任何力量或对自己生活的责任。他们是长期的受害者和殉道者。他们就像被风吹得四处飘摇的树叶，随着天气的突然变化而摇摆不定。)”可知，低自尊的人无法掌控自己的生活，因此他们像树叶一样容易受到外界影响。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Failures think that everything happens by accident and chance. (失败者认为一切都是偶然发生的。)”可知，失败者往往将自己的失败归因于坏运气。故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“We are responsible for what we choose to think and believe. One generally rises to the level that one expects. We are responsible for setting our expectations. Our success is dependent upon our level of confidence.(我们对自己选择思考和相信的内容负责。一个人通常会达到他所期望的水平。我们有责任设定自己的期望。我们的成功取决于我们的信心水平。)”可知，第五段强调了态度的重要性，认为我们的成功取决于我们对自己和未来的信念与期望，因此态度决定成败。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In short, in all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.(总之，在你生活的所有领域，无论是财务、身体、情感还是精神方面，你都要承担责任。一旦你认识到这一点，接受它并坚定地相信它，你就走上了成功的道路。)”可知，我们要取得成功，就要对生活的各个方面负责，由此可知，这一段是对全文观点的总结和结论。故选B项。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Success is a choice and not a chance. You were born a winner. You were born rich. You can be a success if only you make the right choice.(成功是一种选择，而不是偶然。你生来就是赢家。你生来就很富有。只要你做出正确的选择，你就能够成功。)”以及尾段中的“In short, in all areas of your life, whether they are financial, physical, emotional, or spiritual, you are responsible. Once you recognize this, accept it, and firmly believe it, you are on the road to success.(简而言之，在你生活的所有领域，无论是财务、身体、情感还是精神方面，你都要承担责任。一旦你认识到这一点，接受它，并且坚定地相信它，你就走上了成功的道路。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是成功是一种选择而不是偶然，只要做出正确的选择，通过承担责任、培养自信和设定期望，每个人都可以选择成功，所以，题目“成功是一种选择”概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、著名人物、记叙文
【答案】17．D 18．B 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．D 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．A 36．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了戴尔·卡耐基从不为人所知，到享有国际声誉。他从年轻时候的不自信，在他母亲的帮助下不断奋斗，最终成为最成功的演说家
【详解】17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：早在1906年，当年轻的戴尔还是Warrensburg州立师范学院的一名大三学生时，他就意识到了这种需求。A. admitted承认；B. filled装满；C. supplied提供；D. recognized认出，识别，意识到。根据in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg可知，早在1906年，当年轻的戴尔还是Warrensburg州立师范学院的一名大三学生时，他就意识到了这种需求。故选D。
18．考查名词义辨析。句意：为了受教育，他克服了许多的困难。A. assignment分配，任务；B. education教育；C. advantage优势；D. instruction教学，说明。根据a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg可知，为了受教育，他克服了许多的困难。故选B。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的爸爸付不起上大学的食宿费用，因此戴尔不得不骑马跑12英里去上课,。A. training训练；B. board食宿；C. teaching教学；D. equipment设备。根据故so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.可知，他的爸爸付不起上大学的食宿费用。故选B。
20．查介词词义辨析。句意：学习不得不在日常农活之间完成。A. between在……之间；B. during在……期间；C. over在……上方；D. through穿过。根据farm-work可知，在两者之间用between。故选A。
21．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他从许多学校活动走开，因为他没有时间和衣服。A. while然而；B. when当……时候；C. because因为；D. though尽管。分析句意可知，前后句意表示因果关系。本句为because引导的时间状语从句。故选C。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从许多学校活动走开，因为他没有时间和衣服。A. permits允许；B. interest兴趣；C. talent才能；D. clothes衣服。根据后句He had only one good suit.可以推测出，他没有衣服。故选D。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他想争取加入橄榄球对，但教练拒绝了他。A. on在……上；B. for 为了；C. in在……里；D. with和。try for谋求，争取。try on试穿；try in试戴。根据the football team可知，他想争取加入足球队。故选B。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教练拒绝他的原因是因为他体重太轻。A. light轻的；B. flexible灵活的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. outgoing外向的。因为加入的是橄榄球对，所以需要一定的体重。再根据turned him down可知，教练拒绝他的原因是因为他体重太轻。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个时期，戴尔慢慢形成一种自卑感。A. gaining获得；B. achieving取得；C. developing形成；D. obtaining获得。根据an inferiority complex (自卑感)可知，在这个时期，戴尔慢慢形成一种自卑感。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲知道这能够阻止他获得他的真正的潜能。A. prevent阻止；B. protect保护；C. save拯救；D. free释放。自卑感阻止他获得他的真正的潜能。这里考查短语prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她建议戴尔加入辩论队。A. suggested建议；B. demanded要求；C. required要求；D. insisted坚持。根据Dale took his mother’s advice可知，因为没能加入橄榄球队，所以母亲建议他加入辩论队。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她相信说话练习能够给他自信。A. presence出现；B. practice练习；C patience耐心；D. potential潜能。根据join the debating team以及常识可知，在辩论队要进行说话的练习，故选B。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：戴尔听从了他母亲的建议，不顾一切的尝试，几次尝试之后，最终成功了。A. hopefully有希望地；B. certainly当然，一定；C. finally最终；D. naturally自然地。根据after several attempts 以及 made it可知，最终成功了。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这证明是他生命中的一个转折点。A. key关键的；B. breaking破裂的；C. basic基本的；D. turning转折的。根据下文Speaking before groups did help him gain the 17 he needed.可知，这证明是他生命中的一个转折点。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人群面前演讲的确帮助他获得他需要的自信。A. progress进步；B. experience经历；C. competence能力；D. confidence自信。根据builds a person’s confidence可知，演讲使他自信。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到戴尔是大四学生的时候，他赢得了演讲的每一个最高荣誉。A. horse-riding骑马；B. football足球；C. speech演讲；D. farming农业。根据前文in speaking可知，他赢得是演讲中的每一个最高荣誉。故选C。
33．考查介词短语辨析。句意：现在，其他学生都来向他寻求指导。而他们也依次赢得了竞赛。A. in return作为回报；B. in brief简言之；C in turn依次；D. in fact事实上。根据Now other students可知，寻求帮助的其他学生依次赢得了竞赛。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于这早期的努力使他克服了自卑感，戴尔开始理解他向听众表达观念的能力建立了一个人的自信。A. convey传达；B. overcome克服；C. understand理解；D. build建立。根据builds a person’s confidence可知，克服了自卑，赢得了自信，故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于这早期的努力使他克服了自卑感，戴尔开始理解他向听众表达观念的能力建立了一个人的自信。A. express表达；B. stress强调；C. contribute贡献；D. repeat重复。根据an idea to an audience可知，演讲者要想观众表达观点。故选A。
36．考查介词辨析。句意：有了自信，戴尔知道他可以做任何他想做的事，其他人也可以。A. besides除……之外；B. beyond超出；C like像；D. with有。根据Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.可知，有了自信，戴尔知道他可以做任何他想做的事，其他人也可以。故选D。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【答案】37．F 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．E
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们为什么喜欢怀旧。
【解析】37．根据上文“Ever found yourself reaching for your favorite old movie or TV show despite knowing every line and unexpected plot changes You’re not alone.(你是否发现自己在知道每句台词和意想不到的情节变化的情况下，还是去看最喜欢的老电影或电视剧？你并不孤单)”可知，上文提到不是你一个人喜欢看老电影或电视节目，说明其他人也这样。故F选项“对许多人来说，重温喜欢的老电影或电视剧是一项很受欢迎的活动，尤其是在假期”符合语境，故选F。
38．根据上文“We rewatch shows for emotion, not plot. Rewatching is an intentional choice based on our prior knowledge. Knowing what’s coming allows us to take charge of our feelings. Rewatching and repetition lower our loads of mental understanding too.(我们重看电视剧是为了情感，而不是剧情。重看是一种基于我们先验知识的有意识选择。知道即将发生的事情能让我们掌控自己的感受。重看和重复也会降低我们的心理理解负荷)”可知，上文提到重看或重复能够降低我们的认知负荷，本句说明原因，指出在此过程中大脑不需要过多工作。故B选项“我们的大脑不需要努力工作来处理信息”符合语境，故选B。
39．根据下文“Returning to something known when life feels chaotic can ground us. Familiar content removes the tension of uncertainty. We can fully focus on the positive moods.(当生活感到混乱时，回到已知的事物会让我们陷入困境。熟悉的内容消除了不确定性带来的紧张感。我们可以完全专注于积极的情绪)”可知，下文提到重看熟悉的内容能够让我们在嘈杂中感到安稳，减少不确定性，让我们专注于积极的情绪，故A选项“这种熟悉也提供了一种安全感”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据上文“Rewatching isn’t just about the past; it’s also about the present and the future. Anticipating a favorite scene plays a significant role. It’s reported that the production of dopamine (多巴胺) will be activated by the mental “wanting” of the visualized rewards.(重看不只是关于过去；这也关乎现在和未来。期待最喜欢的场景扮演着重要的角色。据报道，大脑对视觉奖励的“渴望”会激活多巴胺的分泌)”以及后文“We get a feel-good boost during the show as we review favorite moments.(当我们回顾最喜欢的时刻时，我们会感觉很好)”可知，上文提到预测最喜欢的场景能够激活多巴胺的分泌，本句旨在说明在预测时我们会做出的心理行为。故D选项“这种心理预期会激发传递体验的行为”符合语境，故选D。
41．根据上文“Our media choices reflect our psychological needs.(我们对媒体的选择反映了我们的心理需求)”以及后文“So, the next time you queue up old favourites, remember that you’re doing more than indulging (沉溺) in nostalgia (怀旧) — you’re actively supporting your mental health.(所以，下次当你为自己最喜欢的电影排队时，请记住，你所做的不仅仅是沉迷于怀旧——你是在积极地维护自己的心理健康)”可知，上文提到我们的媒体选择反映了我们的心理需求，推测本句指出重看旧节目是在支持我们精神健康。故E选项“它们可能是对我们渴望重建有意义的情感体验的回应”符合语境，故选E。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】环境保护、细节理解、观点态度、说明文
【答案】42．Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year. 43．Microplastics are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. 44．划线部分：Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.
原因：Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. 45．Individuals can contribute by adopting simple habits: carrying reusable bottles, avoiding products with unnecessary plastic packaging, and supporting policies that promote sustainability.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕塑料污染这一环境难题展开，阐述其对海洋生物的危害，如海洋动物误食塑料致病、微塑料经食物链影响人类等，还提及全球应对举措与关键解决方向，凸显守护海洋生态的重要性。
【详解】42．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year, threatening marine ecosystems. (每年有超过800万吨的塑料垃圾进入海洋，威胁着海洋生态系统)”可知，每年进入海洋的塑料垃圾估计超过800万吨。故答案为：Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year.
43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Microplastics — tiny plastic particles from the breakdown of larger items — have spread even to the deepest parts of the ocean. These particles are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. (微塑料——由较大物品分解而成的微小塑料颗粒——甚至已经扩散到海洋最深处。这些颗粒被浮游生物等小型海洋生物吞食，最终通过海鲜进入人体)”可知，微塑料被浮游生物等小型海洋生物吞下，最终通过海产品到达人类体内，从而影响食物链。故答案为：Microplastics are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood.
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional munity initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. However, experts stress that systemic changes are essential. (生物可降解材料的创新，如植物基包装，为传统塑料提供了环保替代品。社区倡议，包括海滩清理和教育活动，提高了对负责任的废物管理的认识。然而，专家强调系统性变革至关重要)”可知，生物可降解材料创新只是提供了替代方案，并没有解决塑料垃圾问题。“Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.(尽管塑料污染影响着各种海洋动物，但生物可降解材料的创新解决了塑料垃圾问题。)”这一表述中have solved the plastic waste problem这部分错误；故答案为：Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.。Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics.
45．开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。如，根据第二段“Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional munity initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. (生物可降解材料（如植物基包装）方面的创新，为传统塑料提供了环保型替代物。包括海滩清理和教育活动在内的社区倡议，提高了人们对负责任的废物管理的认识)”等可知，从文中应对塑料污染的举措，如减少使用一次性塑料、做好垃圾分类等方面思考个人可采取的行动，比如根据文中提到的减少一次性塑料使用、参与社区环保行动等内容书写，个人可以通过自带环保袋购物、减少使用一次性塑料制品、参与海滩清理等方式减少塑料污染。故答案可以为：Individuals can contribute by adopting simple habits: carrying reusable bottles, avoiding products with unnecessary plastic packaging, and supporting policies that promote sustainability.
七、单句
【知识点】形容词作定语、形容词作表语
46．【答案】frightening ；frightened
八、语篇
【知识点】that/which引导的限制性定语从句、一般现在时的被动语态、其他介词、副词作状语、动词不定式作定语、定冠词、并列连词、形容词性物主代词、自然生态、说明文、过去分词表被动意义
【答案】
47． the
48． Located
49． its
50． as
51． specifically
52． and
53． is expected
54． strengthen
55． who/that
56．to address
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国完成环绕塔克拉玛干沙漠约1800英里长的植被带建设，该项目旨在应对沙漠化、恢复生态平衡。
【详解】
47． 考查冠词。句意：中国宣布完成了一条环绕塔克拉玛干沙漠的约1800英里长的植被带，塔克拉玛干沙漠是世界上最大、最具挑战性的沙漠环境之一。形容词最高级largest前需用定冠词the。故填the。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、其他应用文、卫生与健康
57．【答案】
应用文参考范文1
A healthy life serves as the bedrock of both academic excellence and overall well-being. Without physical and mental fitness, we are bound to struggle with daily tasks and miss out on life’s pleasures. To maintain my health, I stick to a balanced diet, rich in fruits and vegetables. Additionally, I work out regularly, which not only strengthens my body but also relieves stress. Equally importantly, I ensure sufficient sleep to recharge my energy.
Let’s take immediate action to embrace healthy habits. Only in this way can we enjoy a vibrant life and achieve our full potential.
应用文参考范文2
A healthy lifestyle acts as the cornerstone of personal growth and social contribution. Without maintaining physical vitality and mental stability, we would find it challenging to pursue dreams or embrace life’s beauty.
Personally, I adhere to three principles: consuming nutritious meals with whole grains and leafy greens, exercising for 30 minutes daily through jogging or yoga, and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule. Such routines not only enhance my immunity but also sharpen my focus during study sessions.
Let us jointly cultivate healthy habits. Only by doing so can we truly unlock life’s possibilities and create lasting value for society. (85 words)
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于投稿，要求考生写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：1. 健康生活的重要性；2. 你保持健康生活的方式；3. 呼吁大家养成健康生活习惯。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
基石：bedrock→footstone
另外：additionally→in addition
经常地：regularly→on a regular basis
压力：stress→pressure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Equally importantly, I ensure sufficient sleep to recharge my energy.
拓展句：What is equally important is that I ensure sufficient sleep to recharge my energy.
十、读后续写
【知识点】一般过去时的基本用法和结构、家庭、朋友与周围的人、生活故事、记叙文
58．【答案】
Possible version:
I spent the next two decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times. I’d keep my hand in my pocket, cover it with extra-long sleeves or tuck it behind bags or underneath jackets. In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if people knew about it they would not want to be around me anymore. I internalised this self-loathing, .and it only strengthened over the years, When I finally realized I was not thriving, I was determined to stop it.
The journey of hiding to unhiding was hard, but the efforts were rewarding. I learned that being comfortable with myself made other people more comfortable as well. Talking about my struggles gave them permission to talk about theirs as well, and I was able to bond on a deeper level with a much larger group of people. For 25 years, I’ve worked in non-profit organisations working with young people. Accepting my disability has sparked a passion in me to educate others about disability as part of diversity, through public speaking and writing.
【分析】
文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者天生左手缺失，但在父母和护士的鼓励下，以及通过自己的努力和适应，积极参与各种活动，不被残疾所限制的成长故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接下来的二十年里，我一直把我的肢体差异隐藏起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者具体隐藏肢体差异的方式，以及这种隐藏背后的心理原因，还有最终想要改变的决心。
②由第二段首句内容“从隐藏到不再隐藏的过程很艰难，但这些努力是值得的。”可知，第二段可描写作者不再隐藏后所获得的收获，包括自身心态的转变、与他人关系的变化，以及因接受残疾而引发的对生活的积极影响。
2.续写线索：隐藏方式——隐藏原因——内心挣扎——决定改变——心态变化——与他人关系——对自身生活的积极影响
3.词汇激活：
行为类：
①决定：decide/determine
②意识到：realize /be aware of /come to realize
③接受：accept/jump at
④加强：strengthen/enhance
情绪类：
①舒适的：comfortable/cosy
②热情：passion/enthusiasm
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if people knew about it they would not want to be around me anymore.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2] Accepting my disability has sparked a passion in me to educate others about disability as part of diversity, through public speaking and writing.（运用了动名词短语作主语）
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第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页2025--2026年高二北师版必修第二册英语综合强化练习 4【含答案word版】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more.
Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch(淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer(聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits(堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged.
Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked.
They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too.
As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down.
When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has.
Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “an early-stage study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA.
Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA.
Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes(微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation.
1．What can we learn about PLA from the passage
A．Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA.
B．PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater.
C．PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers.
D．Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown.
2．What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful.
C．Optimistic. D．Cautious.
3．What can be learned from the last three paragraphs
A．Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA.
B．The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA.
C．The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA.
D．The new PLA have been produced in large amounts.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题）
Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland’s volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.
WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled particles (微粒) can enter the lungs and cause respiratory (呼吸的) problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.
Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health and said WHO’s warnings were “hysterical”. They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance—like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe— its health effects are often minimal, experts say.
“Not all particles are created equal,” said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, “In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful.” And he said most Europeans’ exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.
Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. “The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven’t heard of any ill effects there,” he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was “over the top” and “a bit hysterical”
4．What can you team in paragraph 3
A．The volcanic ash had no impact on Europeans.
B．Other experts highly approved of WHO’s warnings.
C．The volcanic ash posed more risks than cigarette smoke.
D．Even healthy people could experience discomfort due to the ash.
5．According to Ken Donaldson, who are most likely to be at risk due to the volcanic ash
A．Europeans living in big cities.
B．People who often smoke cigarettes.
C．Those staying outdoors for a long time.
D．People in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano.
6．What does the underlined word “hysterical” in paragraph 5 most probably mean
A．Amazing. B．Practical. C．Valuable. D．Overstated.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．Panic caused by volcanic ash.
B．WHO’s warnings on volcanic ash.
C．Views on volcanic ash’s health risks.
D．Volcanic ash’s environmental effects.
A red bus took visitors along the streets of New York City’s Roosevelt Island. But this wasn’t a typical sightseeing tour. Passengers all wore virtual reality headsets (虚拟现实头戴设备) for an eye-opening experience. This experience was designed to engage (使参与) visitors in creative ways through a new system called CXR. Passengers were transported into a place where virtual and real environments met. There they experienced nine shocking scenes showing the influence of climate change, especially rising floodwaters.
Scientific models suggest that a 100-year flood could cover most of Roosevelt Island. Despite the warning, research shows that such a disaster doesn’t feel real to many in the public. This discrepancy is exactly what the CXR system aims to deal with.
The technology helps people understand serious challenges like climate change. The participants can experience a shared reality while traveling through their environment. And the CXR system proved to do more than just educate people about disaster risks.
After seeing the most serious flooding events, participants reported strong emotional responses. Many expressed increased concern about climate change and a desire to do something. One participant was even moved to tears upon seeing a flood reach the steps of her school. “These types of reactions were not surprising,” said Wendy Ju, whose research group created CXR. “We did find that people got worried, but we also noted that the worry seemed to inspire people to take measures. It’s a good result from our viewpoint.”
The CXR system has many possible applications beyond its original plan. It can play an important role in city planning by engaging communities in discussions about new developments. By providing a clear and realistic presentation of suggested changes, it helps to reduce misunderstandings. This encourages people to actively express their opinions about approaches to future planning. “Immersive (沉浸式的) technologies can bring future challenges into focus,” Ju said. “They are important for building the social will to prepare for what lies ahead.”
8．What is the original function of the CXR system
A．To encourage public transportation use. B．To increase the enjoyment of tours.
C．To teach flood prevention measures. D．To raise awareness of climate issues.
9．What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Goal. B．Request. C．Difference. D．Method.
10．Which can best describe the experience with the CXR system
A．Adventurous and joyful. B．Educational and inspiring.
C．Confusing and stressful. D．Realistic and relaxing.
11．How can the CXR system generally benefit city planning
A．By driving cooperative problem-solving. B．By stressing the need for green spaces.
C．By focusing on short-term solutions. D．By reducing overall planning costs.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题）
People question whether social media is making modern society less empathetic(有同感的). Some studies show that heavy social media users are less empathetic, while others suggest quite the opposite.
To learn more about the question, we asked over 1,250 American participants(参与者) how often they checked social media. They also completed questionnaires(问卷) where they decided whether they have the qualities that researchers call empathy, such as thinking from other people’s point of view, feeling concerned for other people in trouble, and feeling bad when others feel bad.
Our study found that the more social media people reported using, the lower their levels of empathy were. This finding didn’t change much according to the type of social media they use, their gender(性别), or education. However, we only asked American adults. Is it possible that the relationship we found would not be true elsewhere
Indeed, researchers in other areas have found different results. Researchers in the UK, Spain, and the Netherlands have shown that, in their countries, higher social media use was related to higher empathy. An Indian study found no relationship between the two.
To learn the big picture, we compared all these studies. We found that the relationship between social media use and empathy differed based on two things: age and nationality. In general, studies carried out in Europe found a positive connection between social media use and empathy, while studies in the US found no meaningful or negative connection. Besides, research done with children under 18 showed a positive connection, while research with adults found no connection.
Cultural differences may explain the difference. Americans are more likely to post news about their personal achievements online. It is no surprise that Americans who use social media regularly are not developing their empathy skills. But populations outside of America appear to use social media for different purposes including strengthening friendships. For them, more social media use is connected with being more empathetic. Perhaps people’s purposes for using social media can tell us more about their character.
12．What is the main purpose of the research described in the passage
A．To prove that social media makes people less empathetic.
B．To study the impact of social media on American adults.
C．To compare the empathy levels of different nationalities.
D．To explore the relationship between social media use and empathy.
13．Which of the following factors about the participants was important for the first study
A．Age. B．Gender. C．Interest. D．Education.
14．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A．All studies show that heavy social media users are less empathetic.
B．The relationship between social media use and empathy is the same in all countries.
C．Research showed a positive connection between social media use and empathy in the UK, Spain and the Netherlands.
D．American adults using social media regularly are more likely to develop their empathy skills.
15．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．Indians like to show off online.
B．Children are more empathetic than adults.
C．Americans are more empathetic than Europeans.
D．Reasons behind social media use show a person’s character.
16．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The Positive Impact of Social Media on Empathy.
B．Why Americans Are Less Empathetic on Social Media.
C．Social Media and Empathy: A Complex Relationship.
D．How to Develop Empathy Skills through Social Media.
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题）
In January 2023, I was commuting (通勤) from Brooklyn to New Jersey. With two little kids and a busy business, a quiet train ride felt like a mini 17 . Yet I found myself spending that 18 time scrolling (浏览) through social media feeds.
One day, I 19 my phone and started writing thank-you notes to people who had 20 to a money-raiser I had organized. Getting off the train, I was in a noticeably 21 mood. The next day, I wrote more 22 -and felt the same. Something 23 . What if I kept it up
I decided to write one thank-you note for every day. I had no shortage of people I was 24 to. I picked out a different 25 for each month. January was charity. February would be neighbors, and I thought of a dozen names immediately. I remembered when the owners of our 26 bookstore let me and my son, Henry, 27 before the store opened and 28 to play his favorite soundtrack. I 29 when our babysitter dropped off some board games for our 30 .
Writing the notes wasn’t that 31 : Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes. I 32 on the person I was writing to and what I wanted to say, and the words came fairly 33 . That focus felt refreshing.
I eventually 34 why this task was the perfect cure to my social feeds. Scrolling through Instagram, I was admiring others’ 35 . However, writing thank-you notes was an act of 36 and honoring my own life.
17．A．journey B．program C．vacation D．hall
18．A．precious B．busy C．short D．mean
19．A．break up B．turned over C．reached out D．put down
20．A．flowed B．contributed C．led D．linked
21．A．better B．bluer C．friendlier D．guiltier
22．A．words B．papers C．post-cards D．thank-you notes
23．A．clicked B．occurred C．came D．froze
24．A．sorry B．angry C．grateful D．available
25．A．piece B．step C．signal D．theme
26．A．special B．local C．famous D．public
27．A．out B．in C．away D．on
28．A．continued B．refused C．added D．offered
29．A．appreciated B．rejected C．recalled D．memorized
30．A．parents B．kids C．drivers D．poets
31．A．time-consuming B．consumer-friendly C．energy-saving D．trouble-making
32．A．reflected B．concentrated C．congratulated D．stepped
33．A．flexibly B．soundly C．easily D．skillfully
34．A．recognized B．accepted C．acknowledged D．realized
35．A．lives B．kindness C．career D．neighbors
36．A．protecting B．adopting C．noticing D．controlling
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Have you had a meltdown lately An emotional meltdown isn’t exactly a medical disease. 37 It’s a popular term used to describe a situation where we are overcome emotionally of hit a breaking point.
How do you feel after you’ve had a meltdown Do you feel embarrassed about your behavior 38 An occasional meltdown doesn’t mean something is “wrong” with you. It may just be an indicator of a challenging time for you.
While most people would rather forget a meltdown as quickly as possible, it can be a learning experience.
If you feel embarrassed about revealing your emotions in public, you might examine how you feel about your feelings. Why isn’t it okay for you to be angry, or to be sad, or to need something from someone else 39 So, be kind to yourself.
If your meltdown involved raising your voice at other people or behavior like throwing an object in the presence of others, apologize and come up with a plan to manage your emotions differently the next time you’re upset or stressed. If you find this type of behavior is common for you and you’re having difficulty managing it on your own, consider reaching to a psychologist. 40 It damages another person’s attitude and eats into their health.
41 Your experience serves a basis for reflection. Be kind to yourself and find some helpful ways to deal with meltdowns:
A．It can happen to anyone.
B．Are you a happy person
C．Learn from every meltdown.
D．There are some negative effects about meltdown,
E．Shaming yourself about your emotion is not helpful.
F．Are you anxious about possible consequences for your outburst
G．Having an emotional meltdown is never an excuse for abusive behavior.
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware (漆器) skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations.
Born in Toulouse, Vincent has been living in southwest China for more than a decade. With the influence of French artists Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse, his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started. “I studied their artworks and often wondered why they used Chinese lacquer. In those days, lacquer could not be found in France.” said the artist.
Native to Asia, lacquer trees are planted and tapped for their liquid. It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe. So, instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France, Vincent chose to send himself to China.
Having explored his connections with lacquer over the years, the artist also learned a range of techniques, which he integrated into his own artworks. To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (自治州) in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. In fact, he actually met two lacquerware craftsmen, who taught him almost everything they knew.
“I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it. But I had never seen the Yi people before. I have never heard their language. I've never seen their villages. It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture.” said Vincent.
This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. After seeing Vincent’s exhibition, Liu Guanzhong, a professor at the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University said, “What he presents is China in his eyes. Vincent has explored a path: the ideas of a modern artist, but rooting the ancient skills in modern life. He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower.”
42．What is Vincent devoted to according to the text (no more than 15 words)
43．What does the underlined word “unravel” in paragraph 2 mean (1 word)
44．Why did Vincent travel to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (no more than 10 words)
45．How did the field trip to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture benefit Vincent (no more than 15 words)
46．In your opinion, what should artists do to develop art better Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
七、单句（本大题共1小题）
47．The Indians used to put their ears to the ground to hear a (distance) noise.(所给词的适当形式填空)
八、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Poet Su Shi
Su Shi, (1037-1101) one of the most popular classical Chinese poets, came from a literary family: his father and brother were both great poets in their own rights. At the age of 19, Su Shi passed the civil service examination, 48 was a gateway to a political career. Then he took on 49 (variety) governmental positions, including 50 (serve) as the magistrate of Mizhou and the governor of Xuzhou. However, because of his opposition to radical reform measures, he was repeatedly demoted.
Su Shi’s first remote trip of exile was to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, where he often wandered along the rivers and in the mountains. 51 was here that he wrote many of his best poems, such as Reflections on the Ancient Red Cliff-To the Tune of Nian Nu Jiao (《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》). In this poem, he expressed his 52 (admire) for some heroic figures, and described his aspirations and sorrows. The poem 53 (remain) so popular that nearly every Chinese student can recite it: The Great River flows, eastward waves sweeping away, for thousands of years, heroic figures...
54 his hard life, Su Shi’s works show a spirit of confidence and optimism. His poems make people feel 55 (encourage), reminding them that even during the hardest of times, there is always room for hope. Even today, Su Shi’s poems still have 56 enormous influence on Chinese people. They can always 57 (hear) in classrooms all over China, and seen quoted in the works of many Chinese scholars.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
58．假定你是李华，你们班在校英文报组织的以“Sea Exploration”为主题的海报设计大赛中获奖。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）创作过程；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
十、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
59．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My birth was a little more dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the world. Within minutes of coming out, doctors gave my parents the difficult news: I was born missing my left hand.
Indeed, that announcement of my limb difference might have been a disaster if it hadn’t been for what happened next. I’m told that a nurse placed me m my mother’s arms and instructed: “You will take her home. You will love her. you will raise her like you would any child. You will treat her as normal” My parents took that instruction seriously, I played sport, acted in theatre, excelled in school, participated in student government and had playdates. while I did set some stares and ‘polite’ questions about my disability, I am lucky because I wasn’t made fun of for my limb difference.
As kids do, I learned to adapt. One of earliest memories is my father trying to teach me to tie my shoes. I gently pushed him out of the way because his two=handed method wouldn’t work for me, and I figured out a way to do it with one hand. Not every challenge was that simple, however. Because my parents were trying so hard to make me feel ‘normal’, that also meant I didn’t really have space to talk about my limb difference ― and it was different. No matter how hard we tried, other kids had two hands and I had only one.
The fact that I was different hit me hard my first day of high school. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious. I remember getting on the bus and one of the other kids stared just a little too long at my left arm. The staring upset me in a way it never had before, and I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I immediately slipped it into my pocket.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I spent the next two decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The journey of hiding to unhiding is hard, but the efforts were rewarding. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】现代技术、细节理解、观点态度、说明文
【答案】
1．C
2．D
3．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家设计出一种能在海水中快速分解的新型塑料及其研究过程。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据第五段“As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down.(正如该团队所希望的那样，海水攻击了单体之间被削弱的连接，使聚合物链断裂。研究人员在聚合物中添加的断裂点越多，PLA的分解速度就越快。)”和第六段的“When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years.(当他们削弱了15%的PLA单体连接时，聚合物在短短两周内就完全分解了。当他们只削弱了3%的链接时，崩溃花了大约2年的时间。)”可知，PLA的分解依赖于单体的分解。故选C项。
2．推理判断题。根据第七段的“She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. ‘It’s a new approach,’ she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also ‘an early-stage study,’ Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow.(她也研究了PLA的环境分解。“这是一种新方法。”她谈到荷兰的技术时说。Karamanlioglu说，他们的研究也是“早期阶段的研究。”因此，必须进行更多的测试。)”可推断，Mehlika对荷兰研究小组的发现持谨慎态度。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据后三段，尤其是最后一段“Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. ‘I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,’ she adds. If there were microbes(微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation.[Karamanlioglu指出，荷兰团队还测试了其PLA在人造海水中的分解情况。她补充道：“我想知道他们是否检查了（水）的污染情况。”如果有微生物，这些微生物可能会产生一种名为酶的分子，加速PLA的降解。]”可推知，水的清洁度也会影响PLA的分解。故选B项。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】世界、文章大意、新闻、社会、科普知识、细节理解、词义猜测
【答案】
4．D
5．D
6．D
7．C
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，围绕冰岛火山灰对人体健康的影响展开。世界卫生组织警告人们，若火山灰沉降，应尽量待在室内，因其可能危害健康。但其他专家对此有不同看法，认为火山灰的危害被夸大。
【详解】
4．细节理解题。根据第三段“During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people.(在火山爆发期间，火山灰甚至可以被健康人深深吸入肺部并引起不适。)” 可知，即使是健康人也可能因火山灰感到不适。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“And he said most Europeans’ exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.(他说，大多数欧洲人接触到火山灰的可能性可以忽略不计，只有冰岛火山附近地区的人才可能面临风险。)” 可知，肯 唐纳森认为冰岛火山附近地区的人最有可能因火山灰面临风险。故选D。
6．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health(然而，其他专家不相信火山灰会对人们的健康产生重大影响)” 以及第五题“Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was ‘over the top’ and ‘a bit hysterical’(斯皮罗说，为避免火山灰而戴口罩或待在室内是“过头了”，有点“hysterical”)” 可知，专家认为世界卫生组织的警告有些夸大其词。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland’s volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned Friday(世界卫生组织周五警告称，如果冰岛火山灰开始沉降，欧洲人应尽量待在室内)”，表明 WHO 对火山灰影响健康的警告；第三段中“Other experts, however, weren’t convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on people’s health and said WHO’s warnings were ‘hysterical’. (然而，其他专家不相信火山灰会对人们的健康产生重大影响，并表示世卫组织的警告“有些夸张”。)”体现了其他专家与 WHO 不同的观点。综合来看，全文主要围绕对火山灰健康风险的不同观点展开。故选C。
【知识点】现代技术、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测、说明文
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了名为CXR的新系统的使用场景、设计目的以及作用。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Passengers were transported into a place where virtual and real environments met. There they experienced nine shocking scenes showing the influence of climate change, especially rising floodwaters.(乘客被运送到一个虚拟和真实环境相遇的地方。在那里，他们经历了9个令人震惊的场景，展示了气候变化的影响，尤其是不断上涨的洪水)”以及第三段“The technology helps people understand serious challenges like climate change.(这项技术帮助人们了解气候变化等严峻挑战)”可知，CXR系统的主要功能是提高对气候问题的认识。故选D项。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Scientific models suggest that a 100-year flood could cover most of Roosevelt Island. Despite the warning, research shows that such a disaster doesn’t feel real to many in the public.(科学模型表明，百年一遇的洪水可能会覆盖罗斯福岛的大部分地区。尽管有这样的警告，但研究表明，对公众来说，这样的灾难并不真实)”可知，科学模型和公众认知存在差异，是CXR系统要解决的问题，推知discrepancy应是“差异”之意，和D项意思相近。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段“And the CXR system proved to do more than just educate people about disaster risks.(事实证明，CXR系统所做的不仅仅是教育人们了解灾害风险)”和第四段“We did find that people got worried, but we also noted that the worry seemed to inspire people to take measures. It’s a good result from our viewpoint. (我们确实发现人们感到担忧，但我们也注意到，这种担忧似乎激励人们采取措施。在我们看来，这是一个很好的结果)”可知，CXR系统的体验是有教育意义和鼓舞人心的。故选B项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“It can play an important role in city planning by engaging communities in discussions about new developments. By providing a clear and realistic presentation of suggested changes, it helps to reduce misunderstandings. This encourages people to actively express their opinions about approaches to future planning.(它可以通过让社区参与讨论新的发展，在城市规划中发挥重要作用。通过对建议的更改提供清晰和现实的展示，它有助于减少误解。这鼓励人们积极表达他们对未来规划方法的意见)”可知，CXR系统通过推动合作解决问题，有益于城市规划，故选A项。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】文章标题、目的意图、细节理解、观点态度、说明文、通讯与媒体
【答案】
12．D
13．A
14．C
15．D
16．C
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了社交媒体使用与同理心之间的复杂关系，并指出这种关系受年龄和国籍的影响。
【详解】
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“People question whether social media is making modern society less empathetic(有同感的). Some studies show that heavy social media users are less empathetic, while others suggest quite the opposite.(人们质疑社交媒体是否正在降低现代社会的同理心。一些研究表明，重度社交媒体用户的同理心较低，而另一些研究则恰恰相反。)”和第二段“To learn more about the question, we asked over 1,250 American participants(参与者) how often they checked social media. They also completed questionnaires(问卷) where they decided whether they have the qualities that researchers call empathy, such as thinking from other people’s point of view, feeling concerned for other people in trouble, and feeling bad when others feel bad.(为了了解更多关于这个问题的信息，我们询问了1250多名美国参与者他们多久查看一次社交媒体。他们还完成了问卷调查，在调查中他们决定自己是否具备研究人员称之为同理心的品质，比如从他人的角度思考，关心处于困境中的其他人，以及在他人感到难过时感到难过。)”可知，本文主要探讨社交媒体使用和同情心之间的关系。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第五段中“We found that the relationship between social media use and empathy differed based on two things: age and nationality.(我们发现，社交媒体使用和同理心之间的关系因两件事而异：年龄和国籍。)”可知，在第一个研究中，年龄是一个重要因素。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Researchers in the UK, Spain, and the Netherlands have shown that, in their countries, higher social media use was related to higher empathy.(英国、西班牙和荷兰的研究人员表明，在他们的国家，社交媒体使用率越高，同理心越强。)”可知，在这些国家的研究显示了社交媒体使用与共情之间的正向关联。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Perhaps people’s purposes for using social media can tell us more about their character.(也许人们使用社交媒体的目的可以告诉我们更多关于他们性格的信息。)”可知，作者可能会同意社交媒体使用背后的原因能显示出一个人的性格这一观点。故选D。
16．主旨大意题。根据全文内容及第一段“People question whether social media is making modern society less empathetic(有同感的). Some studies show that heavy social media users are less empathetic, while others suggest quite the opposite.(人们质疑社交媒体是否正在降低现代社会的同理心。一些研究表明，重度社交媒体用户的同理心较低，而另一些研究则恰恰相反。)”可知，文章探讨了社交媒体使用与共情之间的复杂关系，包括不同国家和地区之间的差异。故C选项“社交媒体与共情：一种复杂的关系”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】介词（短语）辨析、副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、记叙文、通讯与媒体
【答案】
17．C
18．A
19．D
20．B
21．A
22．D
23．A
24．C
25．D
26．B
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．B
33．C
34．D
35．A
36．C
【详解】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者改变过去刷手机社交媒体的习惯, 坚持给各种帮助过自己的人写感谢便条的经历。这样做让作者从羡慕别人的生活转变到关注并尊重自己的生活, 找到了治愈“刷手机”的良方；
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着两个小孩和忙碌的工作，安静的火车之旅感觉就像一次迷你旅行。A. journey旅行；B. program项目；C. vacation假期；D. hall大厅。根据前文“With two little kids and a busy business”可知，作者由于照顾两个小孩和做忙碌的工作, 很辛苦, 一个安静的火车旅程对于作者来说都像是假期。故选C项；
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我发现自己把宝贵的时间花在了浏览社交媒体动态上。A. precious珍贵的；B. busy繁忙的；C. short短暂的；D. mean吝啬的。根据前文“a quiet train ride felt like a mini 17 . Yet”可知，作者难得放松，然而却把这难得的时间花在了浏览社交媒体上。故选A项；
19．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A. break up分手；B. turned over翻转；C. reached out伸出；D. put down放下。根据后文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，作者放下手机，开始写感谢信。故选D项；
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A. flowed流动；B. contributed捐赠，做贡献；C. led带领；D. linked联系。根据后文“to a money-raiser I had organized”可知，作者是写信给那些为自己的募捐活动付出的人。故选B项；
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下火车的时候，我的心情明显好了很多。A. better更好的；B. bluer更蓝的；C. friendlier更友好的；D. guiltier更内疚的。根据前文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，作者放下手机，开始做有意义的事情，心情变的更好。故选A项；
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我写了更多的感谢信，我也有同样的感受。A. words言语；B. papers论文；C. post-cards明信片；D. thank-you notes感谢信。根据前文“started writing thank-you notes”可知，第二天，作者写了更多的感谢信。故选D项；
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然有了一个想法。A. clicked突然明白，念头闪过；B. occurred发生；C. came到来；D. froze冰冻。根据后文“What if I kept it up ”可知，作者突然有了一直写下去的想法。故选A项；
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从不缺少让我感激的人。A. sorry抱歉的；B. angry生气的；C. grateful感激的；D. available可利用的。根据前文“write one thank-you note for every day”可知，作者需要感激的人有很多。故选C项；
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为每个月挑选了一个不同的主题。A. piece片，段；B. step步骤；C. signal信号；D. theme主题。根据后文“January was charity. February would be neighbors”可知，作者的感谢信每个月的主题不同。故选D项；
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. special特别的；B. local当地的；C. famous著名的；D. public公众的。根据前文“February would be neighbors”可知，二月感恩的主题是“邻居”, 故作者都是在回忆自己的邻居做的好事, 因此文中提到的书店应是作者家周围的书店。故选B项；
27．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. out在外面；B. in在里面；C. away远离；D. on在上面。根据后文“before the store opened”可知，店主在开门营业前让作者和儿子进去。故选B项；
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A. continued继续；B. refused拒绝；C. added增加；D. offered提议。根据后文“play his favorite soundtrack”可知，店主主动播放儿子最喜欢的歌曲。故选D项；
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想起了保姆给孩子们送来一些棋盘游戏的情景。A. appreciated感激；B. rejected拒绝；C. recalled回想起；D. memorized记住。根据后文“our babysitter dropped off some board games”可知，作者回想起身边的人对自己的善意。故选C项；
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了保姆给孩子们送来一些棋盘游戏的情景。A. parents父母；B. kids孩子；C. drivers司机；D. poets诗人。根据前文“our babysitter”可知，保姆带来一些棋盘游戏给孩子们玩。故选B项；
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：写这些感谢便条并不费时。A. time-consuming费时的；B. consumer-friendly对消费者有利的；C. energy-saving节约资源的；D. trouble-making制作麻烦的。根据后文“Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes”可知，写这些感谢便条并不费时。故选A项；
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力集中在我写信的对象和我想说的话上，于是很容易就写出来了。A. reflected反思；B. concentrated集中注意；C. congratulated祝贺；D. stepped移步。根据后文“That focus”可知，作者写感谢便条时很专注。故选B项；
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我把注意力集中在我写信的对象和我想说的话上，于是很容易就写出来了。A. flexibly灵活地；B. soundly健全地；C. easily容易地；D. skillfully有技巧地。根据前文“Each was two or three sentences long”可知，作者写这些便条并不麻烦。故选C项；
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到为什么这个任务可以是我摆脱浏览社交动态的良方。A. recognized认出；B. accepted接受；C. acknowledged承认；D. realized意识到。根据后文“why this task was the perfect cure to my social feeds”可知，下文是作者的感悟和认识。故选D项；
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在Instagram上浏览，我是在欣赏别人的生活。A. lives生活；B. kindness善良；C. career职业；D. neighbors邻居。根据后文“honoring my own life”可知，写感谢便条是关注和尊重自己的生活，而浏览社交媒体是欣赏别人的生活。故选A项；
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，写感谢信是一种关注和尊重自己生活的行为。A. protecting保护；B. adopting采用；C. noticing注意到；D. controlling控制。根据后文“honoring my own life”可知，作者认为写感谢便条是关注和尊重自己的生活的行为。故选C项。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】应用文、科普知识
【答案】37．A 38．F 39．E 40．G 41．C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要告诉了读者关于情绪崩溃的一些知识。
【解析】37．根据前文“An emotional meltdown isn’t exactly a medical disease.(情绪崩溃又不是什么医学疾病。)”可知，情绪崩溃不算疾病；后文“It’s a popular term used to describe a situation where we are overcome emotionally of hit a breaking point.(这是一个常用的术语，用来描述我们在情感上达到崩溃点的情况。)”说明情绪崩溃是常见的。A项“It can happen to anyone.(它可能发生在任何人身上。)”符合语境，且A项中“It”指代前文中的“An emotional meltdown”。故选A项。
38．根据前文“How do you feel after you’ve had a meltdown Do you feel embarrassed about your behavior (你崩溃后是什么感觉 你对自己的行为感到尴尬吗 )”推知，空处是情绪崩溃的举例，F项“Are you anxious about possible consequences for your outburst (你是否为你的爆发可能带来的后果感到焦虑 )”符合题意，与前文并列。故选F项。
39．前文“Why isn’t it okay for you to be angry, or to be sad, or to need something from someone else (为什么你不能生气，悲伤，或者需要别人的帮助呢 )”说明生气、悲伤和需要别人帮助的正常的；结合后文“So, be kind to yourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，说明情绪崩溃是很正常的，没必要因此而自责。E项“Shaming yourself about your emotion is not helpful.(为自己的情绪感到羞愧是没有帮助的。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。
40．根据后文“It damages another person’s attitude and eats into their health.(它会损害别人的态度，损害他们的健康。)”可知，严重的情绪崩溃可能会对别人造成伤害。G项“Having an emotional meltdown is never an excuse for abusive behavior.(情绪崩溃绝不是虐待行为的借口。)”说明因为情绪崩溃而做出错误的行为是不对的。后文“It”指代G项中“abusive behavior”。故选G项。
41．根据后文“Your experience serves a basis for reflection. (你的经验可以作为反思的基础。)”可知，我们可以从情绪奔溃中反思、学到一些东西。C项“Learn from every meltdown.(从每次崩溃中学习。)”符合语境。故选C项。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】细节理解、著名人物、记叙文、词义猜测
【答案】42．Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques. 43．Discover/Uncover/Unfold/Reveal/Explore. 44．To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship. 45．It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition. 46．Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions.
【分析】本文是一篇人物专访，文章介绍了法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）在中国四川的艺术探索经历，他将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相融合，深入研究彝族漆器工艺，并从中获得创作灵感，其作品体现了对中西艺术结合的探索。
【详解】42．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”可知，文森特致力于将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相结合，故答案为Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques.
43．考查词义猜测。根据文章第二段“his journey to … the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started (他开始了……中国漆器秘密的旅程，并且对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣)”可知划线词下文提到了中国漆器秘密的旅程，还提到了对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣，可推理出“unravel”在这里是 “揭开、发现、探索”等意思，故答案为Discover/ Uncover/ Unfold/ Reveal/ Explore.
44．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”可知，文森特去凉山彝族自治州是为了更多地了解漆器工艺，故答案为To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship.
45．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture. (只有当我来到这里，我才感受到他们文化的力量)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，这次凉山之行让他了解了彝族文化，并为他的展览获得了新灵感，故答案为It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition.
46．考查阅读表达。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”、第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，文森特融合中西艺术、深入研究传统文化并获得灵感，可推理出艺术家应探索多样的文化与技法，以丰富其艺术表达，故答案为Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions.
七、单句
【知识点】形容词作定语
47．【答案】distant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：印第安人过去常常把耳朵贴在地上，听远处的声音。空处修饰noise，应用形容词。distant意为“远处的”。故填distant。
八、语篇
【知识点】It be… that/who强调句型、一般现在时、不可数名词、不定冠词、其他介词、动名词作宾语、含情态动词的被动语态、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词、形容词作定语、形容词作表语、著名人物、记叙文、语法一致
【答案】48．which 49．various 50．serving 51．It 52．admiration 53．remains 54．Despite 55．encouraged 56．an 57．be heard
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了中国宋代著名诗人苏轼的生平经历、文学成就及其作品的深远影响，包括他的仕途起伏、在黄州的创作以及诗歌中展现的乐观精神。
【详解】48．考查定语从句。句意：19岁时，苏轼通过了科举考试，这是通往仕途的大门。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the civil service examination，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
49．考查形容词。句意：随后他担任了各种政府职位，包括密州知州和徐州知州。此处修饰名词positions，用形容词作定语，vary的形容词为various意为“各种各样的”。故填various。
50．
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处作including的宾语，根据include doing sth.意为“包括做某事”可知，此处用动名词serving。故填serving。
51．考查强调句。句意：正是在这里，他写下了许多最优秀的诗篇，如《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》。此处为强调句结构“It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他”，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
52．考查名词。句意：在这首诗中，他表达了对一些英雄人物的敬仰，并描述了自己的抱负和悲伤。此处作expressed的宾语，用名词形式，admire的名词为admiration意为“敬仰”，为不可数名词。故填admiration。
53．考查动词时态。句意：这首诗至今仍广受欢迎，几乎每个中国学生都能背诵：“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物……”。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The poem为第三人称单数。故填remains。
54．考查介词。句意：尽管生活艰难，苏轼的作品却展现出自信和乐观的精神。根据句意，上下文之间为让步关系，此处表示“尽管”，用介词despite，后接名词短语his hard life，句首单词首字母大写。故填Despite。
55．考查形容词作表语。句意：他的诗让人们感到受鼓舞，提醒他们即使在最艰难的时刻，也总有希望的空间。此处作feel的表语，修饰人，用encourage的过去分词转化的形容词encouraged意为“受鼓舞的”符合句意。故填encouraged。
56．考查冠词。句意：即使在今天，苏轼的诗歌仍然对中国人产生巨大的影响。influence为可数名词单数，表泛指“一种巨大的影响”，且enormous以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
57．考查动词语态。句意：在中国各地的教室里总能听到它们，也能在许多中国学者的作品中看到它们的引用。此处为谓语动词，they（指代poems）与hear为被动关系，且位于情态动词can后，用含有情态动词的被动语态can be heard。故填be heard。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、其他应用文、日常活动
58．【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m excited to share that our class won the “Sea Exploration” poster competition organized by the school English newspaper!
Our team spent weeks brainstorming creative ways to combine marine biodiversity with sustainable technology. We used recycled materials and painted vibrant coral reefs alongside futuristic underwater research stations. It was challenging but fun to balance art and science.
This experience taught me the power of teamwork and the urgency of ocean conservation. I’ve grown more curious about humans’ role in protecting marine ecosystems. Let’s discuss your thoughts on this topic sometime!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享你们班在校英文报组织的以“Sea Exploration”为主题的海报设计大赛中获奖经历。其内容包括：创作过程和你的感想。
【详解】1.词汇积累
兴奋的： excited →thrilled
有创造力的：creative→innovative
有趣的： fun→interesting
活跃的：vibrant→lively
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our team spent weeks brainstorming creative ways to combine marine biodiversity with sustainable technology.
拓展句：Our team spent weeks brainstorming creative ways so that we could combine marine biodiversity with sustainable technology.
十、读后续写
【知识点】一般过去时的基本用法和结构、家庭、朋友与周围的人、生活故事、记叙文
59．【答案】
Possible version:
I spent the next two decades keeping my limb difference hidden at all times. I’d keep my hand in my pocket, cover it with extra-long sleeves or tuck it behind bags or underneath jackets. In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if people knew about it they would not want to be around me anymore. I internalised this self-loathing, .and it only strengthened over the years, When I finally realized I was not thriving, I was determined to stop it.
The journey of hiding to unhiding was hard, but the efforts were rewarding. I learned that being comfortable with myself made other people more comfortable as well. Talking about my struggles gave them permission to talk about theirs as well, and I was able to bond on a deeper level with a much larger group of people. For 25 years, I’ve worked in non-profit organisations working with young people. Accepting my disability has sparked a passion in me to educate others about disability as part of diversity, through public speaking and writing.
【分析】
文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者天生左手缺失，但在父母和护士的鼓励下，以及通过自己的努力和适应，积极参与各种活动，不被残疾所限制的成长故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接下来的二十年里，我一直把我的肢体差异隐藏起来。”可知，第一段可描写作者具体隐藏肢体差异的方式，以及这种隐藏背后的心理原因，还有最终想要改变的决心。
②由第二段首句内容“从隐藏到不再隐藏的过程很艰难，但这些努力是值得的。”可知，第二段可描写作者不再隐藏后所获得的收获，包括自身心态的转变、与他人关系的变化，以及因接受残疾而引发的对生活的积极影响。
2.续写线索：隐藏方式——隐藏原因——内心挣扎——决定改变——心态变化——与他人关系——对自身生活的积极影响
3.词汇激活：
行为类：
①决定：decide/determine
②意识到：realize /be aware of /come to realize
③接受：accept/jump at
④加强：strengthen/enhance
情绪类：
①舒适的：comfortable/cosy
②热情：passion/enthusiasm
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my mind, I had decided that my missing hand made me extremely ugly and that if people knew about it they would not want to be around me anymore.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2] Accepting my disability has sparked a passion in me to educate others about disability as part of diversity, through public speaking and writing.（运用了动名词短语作主语）
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页2025--2026年高二北师版必修第二册英语综合强化练习 5【含答案word版】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around． Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge．
TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive． SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke．
1． What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A． 11．6%. B． 45.1%. C． 74．5%. D． 86.1%.
2． Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily
A． Planes. B． Trucks. C． Trains. D． Ships.
3． What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A． Limiting fuel consumption. B． Putting more effort into renewables.
C． Improving energy efficiency. D． Making electricity more affordable．
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共2小题）
Needles, though essential for delivering many vital medicines, are not popular among patients. Many people experience discomfort or anxiety at the sight of a needle, making injections (注射) an unpleasant experience. Now, new research led by Giovanni Traverso at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) offers a way to give medicine without this discomfort—by copying how squids (鱿鱼) shoot ink and water.
Dr. Traverso’s tiny automated injectors are packaged in capsules that patients can swallow. Once inside the digestive system, the capsules break down, releasing the injectors, which then deliver drugs through the surface layer of stomach or other digestive organs and into the subsurface tissues below. This method allows patients to receive treatment without seeing or feeling a needle.
Although the technique is promising, it is not yet entirely reliable. For an injector to work effectively, it must be positioned almost perfectly upright against the target tissue. With skin injections, a medical professional can adjust the angle by hand, but inside the digestive system, this is much more difficult.
To solve this problem, Dr. Traver so turned to squids, which can shoot ink and water at high pressure in multiple directions. Inspired by this natural ability, he and his team worked with a medical company to develop tiny spring-loaded devices that release fast streams of medicine when activated. Tests on digestive tissues from pigs and dogs showed that the devices can effectively give injections even at angles below 70°.
While human trials have yet to begin, Dr. Traver so hopes the technology will soon help people with diabetes, a disease that requires the patients to get multiple injections daily. A more convenient delivery system could make treatment easier and less stressful. But the potential applications extend beyond diabetes—similar devices may one day be used to administer vaccines, making immunization (免疫接种) more accessible. If all goes well, fear of needles could become a thing of the past.
4．What can we learn about the new injectors from the first two paragraphs
A．They are made from squid ink. B．They are invisible to human eyes.
C．They enjoy popularity among patients. D．They operate within the digestive system.
5．What challenge does Traverso’s technique face
A．Keeping the injector at a correct angle. B．Finding a proper site for drug delivery.
C．Having reliable medical professionals. D．Accessing the deep digestive system.
6．What can we infer about the technology from the last paragraph
A．It proves effective in human trials. B．It may cure people of needle anxiety.
C．It shows promises for future applications. D．It will reduce the cost of diabetes treatment.
7．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Secret of Squid Ink Shooting B．Painless Injection: A Gift from Squid
C．Nature: A Guide for Medical Innovation D．The Development of Injection Techniques
Just off the Florida Keys lies the world’s third-largest coral reef (珊瑚礁), which was once an energetic habitat for millions of plants and animals. But an outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease threatens to destroy 20 of the 45 species found there, including larger reef-building corals.
“This disease that is burning through the Florida Keys is an unbelievable event that is happening,” said Andrew Stamper, conservation science manager at Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment. “It’s like a wildfire.” Stamper said that would endanger Florida’s fishing industry and food supply. “Unfortunately, we do not know exactly what is causing this,” he said.
In order to save the reef, scientists have moved some species hundreds of miles away to a lab in Orlando. Scientists work to simulate breeding (繁殖) conditions in the lab. The conditions are exactly the same as the living conditions of the coral. The work needs a lot of care, effort and attention to detail. LED lights exactly copy the sun and moon cycles. Volunteers feed the coral in water treated to mimic its real habitat.
“This essentially is a gene bank,” said Jim Kinsler, leader of SeaWorld Orlando. “We’re trying to protect the genetics of these corals so that their offspring(后代)can eventually be returned back to the Florida reef area.”
The task of relocating the lab-grown coral to the sea is also a detailed task. Kinsler, who is part of a team of private and public partners operating the Florida Coral Rescue Center, said, “It’s the first time that many of them have been involved in rescuing an entire ecosystem,”
“We think the real challenge is just growing them out to a size, so we can test them in those waters, test their disease resistance (抵抗力), and then breed the successful corals by the hundreds of thousands literally,” said Andrew Walker, president of the Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida.
8．What do we know about the Florida Keys
A．It owns the world’s largest coral reef.
B．A disease broke out among people there.
C．The world’s third-largest coral reef is close to it.
D．It is now the habitat of millions of plants and animals.
9．What do Andrew Stamper’s words mean
A．The root of the disease is unclear.
B．A wildfire broke out in the Florida Keys.
C．The disease will spread across the Earth.
D．The disease has caused a great loss to the locals.
10．What does the underlined word “simulate” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Copy. B．Contrast. C．Escape. D．Feature.
11．What is the purpose of the research according to Andrew Walker
A．To restore the coral in the lab.
B．To sell the coral in the normal size.
C．To make more people involved in protecting the ecosystem.
D．To produce masses of disease-resistant coral back to the sea.
三、阅读单选（5题）（本大题共1小题）
It is widely recognized that self-discipline gives us freedom. Those who can control themselves have the ability to make the best use of their time, thus lost in the joy of freedom while other people suffer from “painful self-discipline”, stuck in a difficult situation where they feel guilty for not being able to complete the missions on their never-ending to-do lists.
But do these pains come from self-discipline Not exactly. The people who are anxious about being so-called self-disciplined masters are actually missing the point of this virtue. It’s not a “the more the better” kind of thing. Rather, it’s the capability to find a complicated balance between work and entertainment, which enables you to work more efficiently and to take control of your life. Thus, there’s no need to push yourself too hard.
As a self-disciplined student, I think I understand the key to easing the sometime painful learning process with all kinds of after-school activities. Self-discipline urges me to set aside adequate time for all of my required schoolwork and to efficiently finish it. What’s more, having a high learning efficiency means that if I am interested in a certain topic in my textbook or the knowledge of a specific field, I can spend more time exploring it in depth, while devoting myself to my own interests. However, each time the bell for the end of class rings, I’m always the first to grab the basketball and dash to the court to enjoy the thrill of a ball game with my friends until the sun sinks below the horizon.
As I said, the real freedom to enjoy a wonderful life is based on self-discipline. And the final aim of self-discipline is to enjoy a wonderful life. Being self-disciplined is about doing the proper thing at the proper time. You have to push yourself under the guidance of self-discipline to achieve high efficiency in your daily routine. But don’t be too tough on yourself because unreasonable time management may drain you of the energy and passion you need to struggle on. Fit in adequate diversions from work within your carefully designed schedule, and I’m sure you can remove the obstacles that stand in your path to the ultimate freedom.
12．How does the author develop Paragraph 1
A．By giving an example. B．By making a comparison.
C．By analyzing a reason. D．By presenting a result.
13．What can we know about self-disciplined students in Paragraph 3
A．They have great trouble casing the painful learning process.
B．They can hardly spare time to finish their assignments.
C．They can pursue their hobbies with high learning efficiency.
D．They spend most time enjoying ball games with their friends.
14．What is the ultimate goal of self-discipline in the author’s view
A．To suffer mental pain. B．To enjoy a happy life.
C．To manage time scientifically. D．To achieve high efficiency.
15．What does the underlined word “drain” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Exhaust. B．Increase. C．Provide. D．Preserve.
16．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Self-discipline is the key to achieving high efficiency.
B．People should be strict with themselves to be self-disciplined.
C．The pursuit of self-discipline is a painful process.
D．Self-discipline is about finding a balance and leading to real freedom.
四、完形（20空）（本大题共1小题）
[全国Ⅰ2019]Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa．They 1 with them lots of waste．The 2 might damage the beauty of the place．The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro．
Hearing these stories, I’m 4 about the place—other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences．
However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish．I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths．The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 ．
The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top．Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures．This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers．At the base is a rainforest．It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants．Further up, the weather 15 —low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass．I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand．Above 4,000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks． 18 you climb into an arctic like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear．
Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace I found the opposite to be true．
17．A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring
18．A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters
19．A．position B．age C．face D．name
20．A．silent B．skeptical C．serious D．crazy
21．A．discover B．argue C．decide D．advocate
22．A．equipment B．grass C．camps D．stones
23．A．remote B．quiet C．tall D．clean
24．A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary
25．A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away
26．A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight
27．A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded
28．A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose
29．A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials
30．A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to
31．A．changes B．clears C．improves D．permits
32．A．match B．imagine C．count D．add
33．A．village B．desert C．road D．lake
34．A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally
35．A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial
36．A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire
五、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
Have you had a meltdown lately An emotional meltdown isn’t exactly a medical disease. 37 It’s a popular term used to describe a situation where we are overcome emotionally of hit a breaking point.
How do you feel after you’ve had a meltdown Do you feel embarrassed about your behavior 38 An occasional meltdown doesn’t mean something is “wrong” with you. It may just be an indicator of a challenging time for you.
While most people would rather forget a meltdown as quickly as possible, it can be a learning experience.
If you feel embarrassed about revealing your emotions in public, you might examine how you feel about your feelings. Why isn’t it okay for you to be angry, or to be sad, or to need something from someone else 39 So, be kind to yourself.
If your meltdown involved raising your voice at other people or behavior like throwing an object in the presence of others, apologize and come up with a plan to manage your emotions differently the next time you’re upset or stressed. If you find this type of behavior is common for you and you’re having difficulty managing it on your own, consider reaching to a psychologist. 40 It damages another person’s attitude and eats into their health.
41 Your experience serves a basis for reflection. Be kind to yourself and find some helpful ways to deal with meltdowns:
A．It can happen to anyone.
B．Are you a happy person
C．Learn from every meltdown.
D．There are some negative effects about meltdown,
E．Shaming yourself about your emotion is not helpful.
F．Are you anxious about possible consequences for your outburst
G．Having an emotional meltdown is never an excuse for abusive behavior.
六、其他阅读题型（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware (漆器) skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations.
Born in Toulouse, Vincent has been living in southwest China for more than a decade. With the influence of French artists Jean Dunand and Gaston Suisse, his journey to unravel the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started. “I studied their artworks and often wondered why they used Chinese lacquer. In those days, lacquer could not be found in France.” said the artist.
Native to Asia, lacquer trees are planted and tapped for their liquid. It is almost impossible to find lacquer trees in Europe. So, instead of continually transporting lacquer back to France, Vincent chose to send himself to China.
Having explored his connections with lacquer over the years, the artist also learned a range of techniques, which he integrated into his own artworks. To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (自治州) in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. In fact, he actually met two lacquerware craftsmen, who taught him almost everything they knew.
“I used to know about lacquerware of Yi just by looking at it. But I had never seen the Yi people before. I have never heard their language. I've never seen their villages. It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture.” said Vincent.
This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. After seeing Vincent’s exhibition, Liu Guanzhong, a professor at the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University said, “What he presents is China in his eyes. Vincent has explored a path: the ideas of a modern artist, but rooting the ancient skills in modern life. He finds new soil for an old seed to bloom into a new flower.”
42．What is Vincent devoted to according to the text (no more than 15 words)
43．What does the underlined word “unravel” in paragraph 2 mean (1 word)
44．Why did Vincent travel to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (no more than 10 words)
45．How did the field trip to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture benefit Vincent (no more than 15 words)
46．In your opinion, what should artists do to develop art better Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
七、单句（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
By the time Helen Keller was seven years old, she still couldn’t speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. With these severe restrictions to her communication, Helen’s behavior was, often unbearable. Her parents got a superb teacher 47 (recommend) to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. Anne, whose technique was simple and straightforward, put an object into Helen’s hand and spelt out the word on her other hand. The precious knowledge Anne 48 (teach) Helen gave her hope and joy. As Helen grasped the key to language, she discovered more complex words and eventually understood them.
八、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent study suggests that practicing T’ai Chi, a form of Chinese martial arts 49 (involve) slow and light movements, may help slow the progression of Parkinson’s disease, leading 50 a reduced need for medicine over time.Parkinson’s disease 51 (mark) by symptoms such as slowness of the movement, muscle stiffness, and body trembling.Previous studies indicated the benefits of T’ai Chi for Parkinson’s patients, but 52 (it) long term effects were unclear.
In this study, researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China monitored 334 Parkinson’s patients from January 2016 to June 2021．The participants, of 53 147 patients practiced T’ai Chi twice a week, for an hour each time, were divided into two groups, while the remaining 187 continued with their standard care without practicing T’ai Chi.
Results showed that the T’ai Chi group experienced slower disease progression, 54 (little) need for additional medical care, and improved cognitive function, sleep, and quality of life 55 (compare) to the non T’ai Chi group.
However, the researchers acknowledge certain 56 (limit) of the study.One of its drawbacks is that the study is observational and 57 number of participants is relatively small.Nevertheless, the study indicates that T’ai Chi may have long term benefits for both motor and non motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, 58 (potential) delaying the development of the disease.
九、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
59．假定你是李华，你校将举办英语演讲比赛，主题为“The Power of Small Actions in Environmental Protection”。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．环保的重要性；
2．你的实践经历。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear teachers and classmates,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
十、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
60．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
I had always been cautious around Max. He was the quiet kid in our grade, the one who sat at the back of the classroom with his hood (连衣帽) pulled low over his face. Max rarely spoke to anyone, and when he did, his words were rudely brief and often misunderstood. Rumors (谣言) about him spread like wildfire - some said he got into fights after school, others claimed he had once stolen a teacher’s wallet, l didn’t know if any of them was true, but l stayed away, just like everyone else.
Then one Friday morning, Max didn’t show up to class. A low voice of curiosity spread through the room, and soon enough, theories about his absence started flying. “He got suspended,” whispered a girl next to me. “I heard he struck a guy outside the library. ” I wasn’t surprised, and nodded in agreement.
Later that day, I found myself at the park, enjoying the first warm day of spring. That’s when I saw him - Max - sitting alone on the swings. His usual guarded expression was gone, and replaced by something I hadn’t expected: sadness. Against my better judgment, I walked over.
“Hey,” I said awkwardly.
Max looked up, surprised. “What do you want ”
“I…just saw you here and thought I’d say hi.”
He gave me a strange look but said nothing. I was about to walk away when I noticed a wrinkled piece of paper in his hand, “What’s that ” I asked.
For a moment, he hesitated. Then, with a shrug, he handed it to me. It was a hospital discharge form, and the name on it wasn’t his. It was his younger sister’s. I looked at him, confused.
“She’s been sick for months,” Max explained, his voice barely heard. “Yesterday was bad. My mom couldn’t leave work, so I stayed at the hospital and looked after her all night. ”
It hit me then how wrong we had all been about Max. The tough outward appearance, the distance - he wasn’t trying to push people away. He was carrying a weight none of us understood.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next Monday, Max returned, but rumors remained.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From that day forward, things began to change
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【知识点】交通、应用文、环境保护、细节理解
【答案】
1． C 2． C 3． B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74．5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74．5%。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get used,” says Wipke． (Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【知识点】卫生与健康、情节发展、文章标题、现代技术、细节理解、说明文
【答案】
4．D
5．A
6．C
7．B
【分析】
本文是说明文。本文介绍了一种新型无痛注射技术，灵感来源于鱿鱼喷射墨水的机制。
【详解】
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Dr. Traverso’s tiny automated injectors are packaged in capsules that patients can swallow. Once inside the digestive system, the capsules break down, releasing the injectors, which then deliver drugs through the surface layer of stomach or other digestive organs and into the subsurface tissues below. This method allows patients to receive treatment without seeing or feeling a needle.(Traverso博士的微型自动注射器被包装在胶囊中，病人可以吞下。一旦进入消化系统，胶囊就会分解，释放出注射器，然后注射器通过胃或其他消化器官的表层将药物输送到下面的皮下组织。这种方法可以让患者在看不到或感觉不到针头的情况下接受治疗。)”可知，注射器在消化系统内操作。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Although the technique is promising, it is not yet entirely reliable. For an injector to work effectively, it must be positioned almost perfectly upright against the target tissue. With skin injections, a medical professional can adjust the angle by hand, but inside the digestive system, this is much more difficult.(虽然这项技术很有前途，但还不是完全可靠。为了使注射器有效地工作，它必须几乎完全垂直地放置在目标组织上。通过皮肤注射，医学专业人员可以手动调整角度，但在消化系统内，这要困难得多。)”可知，技术面临的主要挑战是保持注射器的正确角度。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While human trials have yet to begin, Dr. Traver so hopes the technology will soon help people with diabetes, a disease that requires the patients to get multiple injections daily. A more convenient delivery system could make treatment easier and less stressful. But the potential applications extend beyond diabetes—similar devices may one day be used to administer vaccines, making immunization (免疫接种) more accessible. If all goes well, fear of needles could become a thing of the past.(虽然人体试验尚未开始，但特拉弗博士希望这项技术能很快帮助糖尿病患者，这种疾病需要患者每天多次注射。一个更方便的输送系统可以使治疗更容易，压力更小。但潜在的应用范围不仅限于糖尿病——类似的设备可能有一天会被用于接种疫苗，使免疫接种更容易获得。如果一切顺利，对针头的恐惧可能会成为过去。)”可推知，该技术在未来具有广阔的应用前景，故选C项。
7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Needles, though essential for delivering many vital medicines, are not popular among patients. Many people experience discomfort or anxiety at the sight of a needle, making injections (注射) an unpleasant experience. Now, new research led by Giovanni Traverso at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) offers a way to give medicine without this discomfort—by copying how squids (鱿鱼) shoot ink and water.(尽管针头对于输送许多重要药物至关重要，但在患者中并不受欢迎。许多人一看到针头就感到不适或焦虑，这使得注射成为一种不愉快的经历。现在，麻省理工学院（MIT）的乔瓦尼·特拉弗索（Giovanni Traverso）领导的一项新研究提供了一种不用这种不适就能给药的方法——模仿鱿鱼喷射墨水和水的方式。)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种基于鱿鱼喷射机制的无痛注射技术，强调了其创新性和对患者的潜在益处，所以B项“无痛注射：来自乌贼的礼物”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
【知识点】卫生与健康、新闻、目的意图、科普知识、细节理解、观点态度、词义猜测
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．A 11．D
【分析】本文为一篇新闻报道。佛罗里达附近的第三大珊瑚礁面临珊瑚组织丧失疾病的威胁，科学家们将一些物种转移到奥兰多的实验室以保护遗传基因，并试图培育出抵抗疾病的珊瑚。最终目标是将实验室培育的珊瑚重新回到佛罗里达旁的珊瑚礁区。
【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Just off the Florida Keys lies the world’s third-largest coral reef(珊瑚礁), which was once an energetic habitat for millions of plants and animals. But an outbreak of stony coral tissue loss disease threatens to destroy 20 of the 45 species found there, including larger reef-building corals. (佛罗里达群岛附近有世界第三大珊瑚礁，这里曾经是数百万动植物的栖息地。但是，石珊瑚组织丧失疾病的爆发威胁着那里45种珊瑚中的20种，包括更大的造礁珊瑚。)”可知，世界第三大珊瑚礁在佛罗里达群岛附近，爆发疾病的是珊瑚，珊瑚礁区有数百万动植物。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段“‘This disease that is burning through the Florida Keys is an unbelievable event that is happening,' said Andrew Stamper, conservation science manager at Disney’s Animals, Science and Environment. ‘It’s like a wildfire.’ Stamper said that would endanger Florida’s fishing industry and food supply. ‘Unfortunately, we do not know exactly what is causing this,’ he said. (迪士尼动物、科学与环境保护科学经理斯坦珀说，‘正在佛罗里达群岛肆虐的这种疾病是一件令人难以置信的事情。它就像野火一样。’斯坦珀说，这将危及佛罗里达州的渔业和食品供应。他说，‘不幸的是，我们并不确切知道是什么导致了这种情况。’)”可知，珊瑚组织丧失疾病的根源尚不清楚。故选A项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“In order to save the reef, scientists have moved some species hundreds of miles away to a lab in Orlando. Scientists work to simulate breeding(繁殖)conditions in the lab. The conditions are exactly the same as the living conditions of the coral. The work needs a lot of care, effort and attention to detail. LED lights exactly copy the sun and moon cycles. Volunteers feed the coral in water treated to mimic its real habitat. (为了拯救珊瑚礁，科学家们已经将一些物种转移到数百英里外奥兰多的一个实验室。科学家们在实验室里simulate繁殖条件。这些条件与珊瑚的生存条件完全相同。这项工作需要大量的细心、努力和对细节的关注。LED灯完全模仿太阳和月亮的周期。志愿者用模拟珊瑚真实栖息地的水喂养珊瑚。)”可知，在实验室里创造出的生存条件、太阳、月亮的周期，以及水都与珊瑚礁在原来栖息地的条件完全相同，即实验室模拟了珊瑚礁原有的繁殖条件，simulate意为“模拟，模仿”，与Copy意思相近，故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“‘This essentially is a gene bank,’ said Jim Kinsler, leader of SeaWorld Orlando. ‘We’re trying to protect the genetics of these corals so that their offspring (后代) can eventually be returned back to the Florida reef area.’ (奥兰多海洋世界的负责人金斯勒说，这实际上是一个基因库,‘我们正在努力保护这些珊瑚的基因，这样它们的后代最终就能回到佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。’)”可知，科学家们保护珊瑚基因，希望能使他们的后代重返佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。最后一段“‘We think the real challenge is just growing them out to a size, so we can test them in those waters, test their disease resistance (抵抗力), and then breed the successful corals by the hundreds of thousands literally,’ said Andrew Walker, president of the Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida. (佛罗里达州鱼类和野生动物基金会主席安德鲁·沃克说：‘我们认为真正的挑战只是把它们长到一定的尺寸，这样我们就可以在那些水域测试它们，测试它们的抗病能力，然后培育出成千上万的成功珊瑚。’)”，根据安德鲁·沃克的话可知，研究的目的是实验室能培育出成千上万的有抗病能力的珊瑚，这样它们才有机会重新回到佛罗里达的珊瑚礁区。故选D项。
三、阅读单选（5题）
【知识点】情节发展、文章大意、科普知识、细节理解、议论文、词义猜测
【答案】
12．B
13．C
14．B
15．A
16．D
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是自律与自由之间的关系，以及如何通过自律实现真正的自由。
【详解】
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Those who can control themselves have the ability to make the best use of their time, thus lost in the joy of freedom while other people suffer from ‘painful self-discipline’, stuck in a difficult situation where they feel guilty for not being able to complete the missions on their never-ending to-do lists.(那些能控制自己的人有能力充分利用他们的时间，因此迷失在自由的喜悦中，而其他人则遭受“痛苦的自律”，陷入困境，因为他们无法完成没完没了的任务而感到内疚。)”可知，第一段是通过对比展开的，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Self-discipline urges me to set aside adequate time for all of my required schoolwork and to efficiently finish it. What’s more, having a high learning efficiency means that if I am interested in a certain topic in my textbook or the knowledge of a specific field, I can spend more time exploring it in depth, while devoting myself to my own interests.(自律促使我为所有要求的作业留出足够的时间，并有效地完成它。更重要的是，学习效率高意味着如果我对教科书中的某个主题或某个领域的知识感兴趣，我可以花更多的时间深入探索，同时全身心地投入到自己的兴趣中。)”可知，自律的学生可以追求自己的爱好，学习效率高。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And the final aim of self-discipline is to enjoy a wonderful life.”可知，自律的最终目的是享受幸福的生活。故选B。
15．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“unreasonable time management(不合理的时间管理)”和“of the energy and passion you need to struggle on(你所需要的继续拼搏的能量与激情)”可知，不合理的时间管理可能会耗尽你继续奋斗所需的能量和激情，drain的意思是“消耗”，和Exhaust意思相近，故选A。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But do these pains come from self-discipline Not exactly. The people who are anxious about being so-called self-disciplined masters are actually missing the point of this virtue. It’s not a ‘the more the better’ kind of thing. Rather, it’s the capability to find a complicated balance between work and entertainment, which enables you to work more efficiently and to take control of your life. Thus, there’s no need to push yourself too hard.(但这些痛苦来自自律吗？不完全是。那些急于成为所谓自律大师的人，实际上没有抓住这种美德的要点。这并不是“越多越好”的事情。相反，它是一种在工作和娱乐之间找到复杂平衡的能力，它能让你更有效地工作，掌控你的生活。因此，没有必要把自己逼得太紧。)”可知，本文主要讲的是自律与自由之间的关系，以及如何通过自律实现真正的自由，因此主旨是D选项“Self-discipline is about finding a balance and leading to real freedom.(自律就是找到一种平衡，走向真正的自由。)”。故选D。
四、完形（20空）
【知识点】副词的词义辨析、动词(短语)的辨析、名词的词义辨析、形容词的词义辨析、环境保护、记叙文
【答案】
17．D
18．C
19．C
20．B
21．A
22．C
23．D
24．C
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．A
29．B
30．D
31．A
32．C
33．B
34．D
35．A
36．B
【分析】本文介绍了非洲乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。作者认为,乞力马扎罗山并没有因为游客络绎不绝而破坏了安宁的环境。
【解析】
17．根据设空处后的with them lots of waste和常识可知,此处指登山者带来了大量的垃圾。bring意为“带来”,符合语境。keep意为“保持”;mix意为“混合”;connect意为“连接;联系”。
18．根据上文中的Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro可知,每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山;再根据设空处后的damage the beauty of the place可知,这里指的是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd意为“人群”,符合语境。story意为“故事”;building意为“建筑”;reporter意为“记者”。
19．根据设空处前的The might damage the beauty of the place．The glaciers are disappearing可知,人群可能会破坏这个地方的美,冰川也正在消失。由此可推断,这一切正改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face意为“面貌”,符合语境。position意为“位置”;age意为“年龄;年代”;name意为“名字”。
20．破折号后的内容是对乞力马扎罗山的描述——其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验。由后面加引号的purer可知,此处表示作者听到这些故事后,对这个地方持怀疑态度。skeptical意为“持怀疑态度的”,符合语境。silent意为“沉默的”;serious意为“严肃的”;crazy意为“疯狂的”。
21．根据下一句中的find和第三、四段的描述可知,很快作者就发现,自从那些关于营地为成吨垃圾所围绕的令人不安的报道发布以来,情况已经发生了很大的变化。discover意为“发现”,符合语境。argue意为“争辩”;decide意为“决定”;advocate意为“主张”。
22．根据下文中的with toilets at camps and along the paths可知,此处指营地为成吨的垃圾所围绕。camp意为“营地”,符合语境。equipment意为“设备”;grass意为“草”;stone意为“石头”。
23．上文提及环境情况已发生很大变化,再根据设空后的with toilets at camps and along the paths可知,此处指作者发现了一座干净的山,营地和小路边上都有厕所。clean意为“干净的”,符合语境。remote意为“偏远的”;quiet意为“宁静的”;tall意为“高的”。
24．根据上文描述的有关乞力马扎罗山的两种情况以及设空处后的but可知,此处指环境挑战虽然是重大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局作出的努力似乎得到了回报。significant意为“影响深远的;重大的”,符合语境。new意为“新的”;special意为“特别的”;necessary意为“必要的”。
25．根据上文中的with toilets at camps and along the paths和上文中描述的乞力马扎罗山环境情况有所改观可知,此处指坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局作出的努力似乎奏效了。pay off意为“取得成功;奏效”,符合语境。spread out意为“散开;展开;延伸”;blow up意为“炸毁;给某物充气”;fade away意为“逐渐消失”。
26．根据设空后的isn’t reaching the top可知,设空处指的是登山的最好体验。experience意为“体验;经历”,符合语境。atmosphere意为“气氛;大气层”;experiment意为“实验”;sight意为“风景;景象”。
【测训诊断】
本题考生易误选D 项。考生易根据下文提到的go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers而误以为乞力马扎罗山最好的风景不是在山顶。此处,考生应该注意 reaching the top所表达的意思是“到达山顶”,而不是“(在)山顶”。因此,本句的正确意思是“在我看来,在乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达山顶”。
27．根据语境及常识可知,许多文化都认为山是精神领地。be regarded as为固定搭配,意为“被视为;被看成是”,符合语境。study意为“研究;学习”;observe意为“观察;遵守”;explore意为“探索”。
28．上文中的Mountains are as spiritual places by many cultures．为人们对山的一种观点,设空处前的This指代上文中提及的观点,此处表示这种观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤为明显,因为登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。view意为“观点”,符合语境。quality意为“质量;品质”;reason意为“原因”;purpose意为“目的”。
29．根据第一段第一句中的Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro和本段中的isn’t reaching the top可知,此处指登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。climber意为“登山者”,符合语境。scientist意为“科学家”;local意为“当地居民”;official意为“官员”。
30．根据At the base is a rainforest．It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, lands of low growing plants．Further up… which are covered with thick grass．可知,此处介绍乞力马扎罗山的植被分布状况:山脚是一片热带雨林,雨林在3,000米处突然消失,变成了生长着低矮植物的土地,再往上是厚草地。give way to意为“被……取代”,符合语境。hold on to意为“坚持;紧紧抓住”;go back to意为“追溯到,回到”;live up to意为“不辜负;符合”。
31．设空处后的low clouds envelope the mountainsides是对天气状况的解释说明,由此可知,此处指再往上走,天气就变了——低低的云层笼罩着山坡。change意为“变化”,符合语境。clear意为“转晴;放晴”;improve意为“提高;改善”;permit意为“允许”。
32．根据设空后的twelve shades of green from where I stand可知,此处指作者从自己站的地方数了数有十二种不同的绿色色度的植被。count意为“计数”,符合语境。match意为“(与……)相配”;imagine意为“想象”;add意为“增添”。
33．根据设空后的gravel, stones and rocks可知,海拔4,000米以上是高原沙漠,有砾石、石子和岩块。desert意为“沙漠”,符合语境。village意为“村庄”;road意为“马路”;lake意为“湖”。
34．前文提到登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统,此处表示,最后,你会爬到一个像北极一样的地带,那里有永久积雪和可能很快就会消失的冰川。finally意为“最终”,符合语境。obviously意为“明显地”;easily意为“容易地”;consequently意为“因此;结果”。
35．根据设空前的arctic like zone可知,此处是指像北极一样的地带,故这里应有永久积雪。permanent意为“永久的”,符合语境。little意为“小的;少的”;fresh意为“新鲜的”;artificial意为“人造的”。
36．综观全文并根据本文最后一句I found the opposite to be true．可知,此处作者先是发问:乞力马扎罗山真的因为人山人海和游客络绎不绝而破坏了安宁的环境吗 即发问乞力马扎罗山是否应受到这样的评价,随后又回答说事实正好相反。deserve one’s reputation意为“应该得到……的名声”,为固定搭配,符合语境。enjoy意为“享有”;save意为“节约;挽救”;acquire意为“获得”。
【测训诊断】
本题考生易误选A项。enjoy one’s/a reputation表示“享有盛誉”,但此处表述的并非积极正面的内容,不能称得上为“盛誉”。deserve在此表示“应得;应受到(奖励或惩罚)”。
五、七选五阅读
【知识点】应用文、科普知识
【答案】37．A 38．F 39．E 40．G 41．C
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要告诉了读者关于情绪崩溃的一些知识。
【解析】37．根据前文“An emotional meltdown isn’t exactly a medical disease.(情绪崩溃又不是什么医学疾病。)”可知，情绪崩溃不算疾病；后文“It’s a popular term used to describe a situation where we are overcome emotionally of hit a breaking point.(这是一个常用的术语，用来描述我们在情感上达到崩溃点的情况。)”说明情绪崩溃是常见的。A项“It can happen to anyone.(它可能发生在任何人身上。)”符合语境，且A项中“It”指代前文中的“An emotional meltdown”。故选A项。
38．根据前文“How do you feel after you’ve had a meltdown Do you feel embarrassed about your behavior (你崩溃后是什么感觉 你对自己的行为感到尴尬吗 )”推知，空处是情绪崩溃的举例，F项“Are you anxious about possible consequences for your outburst (你是否为你的爆发可能带来的后果感到焦虑 )”符合题意，与前文并列。故选F项。
39．前文“Why isn’t it okay for you to be angry, or to be sad, or to need something from someone else (为什么你不能生气，悲伤，或者需要别人的帮助呢 )”说明生气、悲伤和需要别人帮助的正常的；结合后文“So, be kind to yourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，说明情绪崩溃是很正常的，没必要因此而自责。E项“Shaming yourself about your emotion is not helpful.(为自己的情绪感到羞愧是没有帮助的。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。
40．根据后文“It damages another person’s attitude and eats into their health.(它会损害别人的态度，损害他们的健康。)”可知，严重的情绪崩溃可能会对别人造成伤害。G项“Having an emotional meltdown is never an excuse for abusive behavior.(情绪崩溃绝不是虐待行为的借口。)”说明因为情绪崩溃而做出错误的行为是不对的。后文“It”指代G项中“abusive behavior”。故选G项。
41．根据后文“Your experience serves a basis for reflection. (你的经验可以作为反思的基础。)”可知，我们可以从情绪奔溃中反思、学到一些东西。C项“Learn from every meltdown.(从每次崩溃中学习。)”符合语境。故选C项。
六、其他阅读题型
【知识点】细节理解、著名人物、记叙文、词义猜测
【答案】42．Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques. 43．Discover/Uncover/Unfold/Reveal/Explore. 44．To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship. 45．It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition. 46．Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions.
【分析】本文是一篇人物专访，文章介绍了法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）在中国四川的艺术探索经历，他将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相融合，深入研究彝族漆器工艺，并从中获得创作灵感，其作品体现了对中西艺术结合的探索。
【详解】42．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”可知，文森特致力于将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法相结合，故答案为Vincent is devoted to integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware with Western modern art techniques.
43．考查词义猜测。根据文章第二段“his journey to … the secrets of Chinese lacquerware and his fascination for lacquer art started (他开始了……中国漆器秘密的旅程，并且对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣)”可知划线词下文提到了中国漆器秘密的旅程，还提到了对漆器艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣，可推理出“unravel”在这里是 “揭开、发现、探索”等意思，故答案为Discover/ Uncover/ Unfold/ Reveal/ Explore.
44．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”可知，文森特去凉山彝族自治州是为了更多地了解漆器工艺，故答案为To learn more about lacquer craftsmanship.
45．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It’s only when I came here that I felt the power of their culture. (只有当我来到这里，我才感受到他们文化的力量)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，这次凉山之行让他了解了彝族文化，并为他的展览获得了新灵感，故答案为It made him understand Yi culture and get new inspiration for his exhibition.
46．考查阅读表达。根据文章第一段“In Sichuan Province, long-time resident French artist Vincent Cazeneuve, is integrating traditional Chinese lacquerware skills with techniques taken from Western modern art into his creations. (在四川省，长期居住的法国艺术家文森特 卡泽纳夫（Vincent Cazeneuve）正将中国传统漆器技艺与西方现代艺术技法融入自己的创作中)”、第四段“To dive deep into the art of lacquerware, Vincent traveled to Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, where lacquer craftsmanship is famous. (为了深入研究漆器艺术，文森特前往四川省凉山彝族自治州，那里的漆器工艺闻名遐迩)”以及第六段“This field trip gave the artist new inspiration for his exhibition. (这次实地考察为这位艺术家的展览带来了新的灵感)”可知，文森特融合中西艺术、深入研究传统文化并获得灵感，可推理出艺术家应探索多样的文化与技法，以丰富其艺术表达，故答案为Artists should explore diverse cultures and techniques to enrich their creative expressions.
七、单句
【知识点】一般过去时的基本用法和结构、著名人物、记叙文、过去分词表被动意义
【答案】47．recommended 48．taught/had taught
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述海伦 凯勒七岁时的状况及老师安妮 沙利文对她的帮助。
【详解】47．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的父母得到了一位推荐给他们的优秀老师，一位名叫安妮 沙利文的女士。空格处作后置定语修饰teacher，使用非谓语动词，teacher与recommend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填recommended。
48．考查动词时态。句意：安妮教给海伦的宝贵知识给了她希望和快乐。此处可理解为本句表示的是过去某个时间发生的动作，用一般过去时；也可理解为“教知识”这一动作在“给予希望和快乐”之前已完成，用过去完成时had taught，两种时态均符合语境。故填taught/had taught。
八、语篇
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态、其他介词、副词作状语、卫生与健康、可数名词及其单、复数、定冠词、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词、形容词性物主代词、形容词的比较级、现在分词作定语、科普知识、说明文、过去分词作状语
【答案】49．involving 50．to 51．is marked 52．its 53．whom 54．less 55．compared 56．limitations 57．the 58．potentially
【分析】本文主要介绍了研究表明,练习太极能够减缓帕金森病的发展,并减少对药物的依赖,但仍需进一步研究来确认练习太极对帕金森病患者的长期好处。
【详解】
49．考查非谓语动词。句意为:最近的一项研究表明,练习太极(一种需要动作缓慢且轻盈的中国武术形式)可能有助于减缓帕金森病的发展,从而随着时间的推移减少对药物的需求。分析句子成分可知,that引导的宾语从句中已有谓语may help,设空处和该谓语之间没有连词连接,故设空处应用非谓语动词;involve与其逻辑主语a form of Chinese martial arts之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填involving。
50．考查介词。句意见上一题解析。lead to为固定搭配,意为“导致,造成”。故填to。
51．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为:帕金森病以行动迟缓、肌肉僵硬和身体颤抖等症状为特征。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,设空处为本句的谓语,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语 Parkinson’s disease与mark之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;且主语Parkinson’s disease不可数,助动词用is。故填is marked。
52．考查代词。句意为:先前的研究表明,太极对帕金森病患者有益,但其长期效果尚不清楚。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,设空处作定语,修饰名词effects,应用形容词性物主代词,表示“它的”。故填its。
53．考查定语从句。句意为:参与者被分为两组,其中147名患者每周练习两次太极,每次一小时,而其余187名患者继续他们的标准护理,不练习太极。分析句子成分可知,此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词participants指人,关系词在从句中作of的宾语,应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
54．考查形容词的比较等级。句意为:结果显示,与不练习太极的那组相比,练习太极的那组患者的疾病发展较慢,对额外医疗护理的需求较少,认知功能、睡眠和生活质量得到改善。分析句子成分并结合句意和slower可知,此处是和另一组进行比较,设空处应填形容词的比较级。故填less。
55．考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子成分可知,设空处所在的宾语从句中已有谓语experienced,其与设空处之间没有连词连接,故设空处应用非谓语动词;compare与其逻辑主语the T’ai Chi group之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作状语。故填compared。
56．考查词性转换和名词单复数。句意为:然而,研究人员承认这项研究有一定的局限性。分析句子成分可知,设空处作acknowledge的宾语,且被形容词certain修饰,应用名词limitation,意为“局限性”,此时为可数名词。结合空后的One of its drawbacks可知,不止一处局限,应用复数形式。故填limitations。
57．考查冠词。句意为:该研究的缺点之一是它属于观察性研究,参与者的数量相对较少。根据句意和空后的is可知,此处表示“参与者的数量”。the number of… 为固定搭配,意为“……的数量”。故填the。
58．考查词性转换。句意为:然而,这项研究表明,太极可能对帕金森病的运动症状和非运动症状都有长期的好处,可能延缓了该疾病的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处修饰动词delaying,作状语,应用副词。故填potentially。
九、应用文写作
【知识点】一般现在时、学校生活、日常活动、演讲稿、环境保护
59．【答案】
Dear teachers and classmates,
Good morning! Today, I’d like to deliver a speech on The Power of Small Actions in Environmental Protection.
As we all know, protecting the environment is crucial to preserving ecosystems, combating climate change, and ensuring a healthy, sustainable future for all living beings. Then, how can we help Small daily actions do make a big difference. For example, I’ve started bringing a reusable water bottle and refusing plastic bags. At home, I turn off lights when I leave a room and recycle paper. These habits save resources and reduce waste.
Therefore, I appeal to all of you to start with small habits, because every step counts. Thank you for listening!
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。考生所在校将举办主题为“The Power of Small Actions in Environmental Protection”的英语演讲比赛，要求考生就此写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】
1．词汇积累：
至关重要的：crucial→vital
对抗：combat→fight
关闭：turn off→swith off
呼吁：appeal→call on
2．句式拓展：
同义句
原句：As we all know, protecting the environment is crucial to preserving ecosystems, combating climate change, and ensuring a healthy, sustainable future for all living beings.
拓展句：As we all know, it is crucial to preserve ecosystems, combat climate change, and ensure a healthy, sustainable future for all living beings by protecting the environment.
十、读后续写
【知识点】一般过去时的基本用法和结构、个人情况、家庭、朋友与周围的人、记叙文
60．【答案】
The next Monday, Max returned, but rumors remained. Someone had even started calling him “Mad Max” and the nickname caught on. I couldn’t stand it anymore. During lunch, I stood up in the middle of the cafeteria and shouted, “You guys have it all wrong! Max isn’t what you think. He’s been dealing with stuff none of you know about, so just stop!” The room went silent. I felt every eye on me, and my face burned with embarrassment. But then Max, who was sitting at a corner table, gave me a small nod of gratitude.
From that day forward, things began to change. Max still wasn’t an outgoing person, but little by little, more people started talking to him. When someone tried to bring up the old rumors, I was quick to shut them down. Max and I became friends, and he even opened up to me about his sister’s recovery. I realized how easy it had been to judge him based on hearsay, and how wrong we had been. Sometimes, people build walls not to keep others out, but to protect themselves. I never made that mistake again.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者为遭受谣言的Max正名，并因此与Max建立友谊，同时也认识到不应仅凭流言蜚语就评判他人的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下一个周一，Max回来了，但谣言依旧不断。”可知，第一段可描写Max回到学校后，谣言依旧存在，作者挺身而出为Max辩护。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，事情开始发生变化。”可知，第二段可描写作者为Max辩护后，人们对Max的态度开始转变，作者与Max建立了友谊。
2.续写线索：为Max辩护——Max的感谢——环境改变——友谊建立——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①站起来：stand up/ get to one’s feet/ rise
②喊道：shout/ yell/ call out
③谈话：talk to/ converse with/ engage in conversation with
④制止：shut down/ stop/ prevent
情绪类
①尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness/discomfort
②感激：gratitude/ appreciation/ thankfulness
【点睛】【高分句型1】He’s been dealing with stuff none of you know about, so just stop! (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句)
【高分句型2】When someone tried to bring up the old rumors, I was quick to shut them down. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句)
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